【優(yōu)化方案】2014屆高考英語（大綱版）一輪復習多媒體教學課件狀語從句復習（通用）（講與練）（共64張ppt）

1、Adverbial Clause,狀語從句,狀語從句,考查特點,能力要求,用法歸納,時間狀語從句,條件狀語從句,原因狀語從句,結(jié)果狀語從句,讓步狀語從句,,,地點狀語從句,方式狀語從句目的狀語從句比較狀語從句,一 狀語從句高考的考查特點,1. 試題的設(shè)問呈現(xiàn)出交叉和綜合的特點,(不同性質(zhì)的連詞; 定語從句和名詞性從句的干擾),2. 題干句的情景化增強,句意理解難度提高,二能力要求：,1.了解狀語從句的分類情況及各種狀語 從句中

2、經(jīng)常使用的連詞2.能夠在真實的語境中判定從句與主句 的邏輯關(guān)系,從而能夠使用恰當?shù)倪B詞 完成交際.3.能夠辨別同類狀語從句中近似連詞的 用法區(qū)別.,三　狀語從句的定義、功能、分類,定義：在復合句中作狀語的從句,功能：狀語從句在主從復合句中修飾主句中 的動詞，形容詞或副詞，或整個主句,分類：按意義可分為時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方式、比較、讓步等狀語從句。,從句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在

3、句首時，從句后面常用一個逗號，放在句末時，從句前一般不用逗號。,一.時間狀語從句,引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞,1.基本類：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once, as soon as, etc.,2. 名詞類（由名詞詞組充當引導詞）：the moment ,the minute, the second, the instant,etc. (一…就…); every time,

4、 each time, the last time, the first time,以及the day, the year, the morning等，也可引導一個時間狀語從句, etc.,,I’ll tell him the minute (that) he gets here.I started the very moment I got your letter.,3. 副詞類（由副詞充當引導詞）：immediately, dir

5、ectly, instantly, etc. (一...就...),4.句型類：no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely… when…, etc. (一…就…),e.g. I will give you an answer immediately I finish my work. The machine will start instantly you press the b

6、utton.,e.g She had no sooner heard the news than she fainted. No sooner had she heard the news than she fainted. Scarcely had he gone when she appeared.,注意:用于句首時應(yīng)引起部分倒裝, 且前部分一般用過去完成時,①when表示點時間時，從句中用短暫性動詞；表示段時

7、間時，用持續(xù)性動詞。  When they were still talking and laughing, the teacher came in. 當他們還在說笑的時候，老師進來了。（when表示段時間） He waved a hello when he saw her. 當他看見她的時候，就揮手打了個招呼。（when表示點時間）,注意：,1. when, as, whil

8、e 的區(qū)別,2. 可用作并列連詞，其意義為“這時 ,突然”，相當于and then suddenly。常用于下列句式： be doing be about to do sth be on the point of doing I was about to go out when the door bell rang.One evening I was having my dinner when an unex

9、pected friend knocked my door.,,+ when,3. 還可以表示原因“既然”，相當于since; considering that。如： It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes .How can he get good grades when he won't s

10、tudy?,2．while ①while通常表示一段時間，從句中常用持續(xù)性動詞作謂語。 Strike while the iron is hot. 趁熱打鐵。 ②while有時可以作并列連詞，表示對比，可譯成……而……。 I am fond of English while he likes maths. 我喜歡英語而他卻喜歡數(shù)學。 We slept while

11、 the captain kept watch. 我們睡覺而上尉擔任警戒。 ③while有時可引導讓步狀語從句，意思是雖然。 While they love the children, they are strict with them. 雖然他們都愛他們的孩子，但卻對他們要求嚴格。,,,3．a(chǎn)s ①as表示點時間時，從句中用短暫性動詞；表示段時間時，用持續(xù)性動詞。as和whe

12、n兩者經(jīng)?？梢酝ㄓ谩?#160;The thief was caught as/ when he was stealing in the supermarket. 小偷在超市行竊時被逮住了。 I saw Jim as /when he left the meeting room. 吉姆離開會議室時候我看到了他。,②as表示 一邊……一邊……，強調(diào)從句和主句中兩個動作交替進行或同步進行。He loo

13、ked behind from time to time as he went. 他一邊走，一邊不時地往后看。,③as表示隨著 As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer. 隨著時間的推移，天氣變得越來越暖了。,4．whenever whenever是when的強勢語，它描述的不是一次性動作，而是經(jīng)常發(fā)生的習慣性動作。 

14、;You are always welcome whenever you come. 無論你何時來都歡迎。 Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us. 每當我們遇上困難的時候，他們就來幫我們。,2. till, until和not…until小結(jié)：1）until /till用于肯定句時，表示直到 … 為止，主句必須為持續(xù)

15、性動詞。  We shall wait until / till he comes back. 我們將一直等到他回來。  Everything went well until /till that accident happened. 直到發(fā)生那意外之前，一切都正常。2） Not……until/till表示直到……  才  ，主句通常要用短暫性動詞。,I

16、 didn't leave until / till  she came back. 直到她回來，我才離開的。 Bells don't ring till until you strike them. 鈴不打不響。 People do not know the value of their health till until before they lo

17、se it. 人們直至失去了健康才知其可貴。,3．當not until位于句首時，主句中的主語、謂語要使用倒裝語序。注意： until引導的從句可以放在主句之前或主句之后，但till從句一般不放在句首。 4．在強調(diào)句型中一般只能用until，不用till。,注意：當時間狀語從句表示將來時，在after, as soon as, before, till/until, when, the moment等引導的狀

18、語從句不用一般將來時，而通常用一般現(xiàn)在時；不用將來完成時，而用現(xiàn)在完成時。這兩種現(xiàn)在時態(tài)在時間連詞后面通常可以互換。如The Owens will move to a new flat when their baby is born.(has been born.),3. 連接詞before的小結(jié)：一、含義1． We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.

19、2． We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.3． Please write it down before you forget it.4．Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.,“……才”,“不到……就”,“趁……”,“還沒來得及”,二．1）句型It will be/was＋段時間＋before…“還要過多久才……” 如： I

20、t will be two years before he leaves the country. 2）句型It will be/was not＋一段時間＋before…“不多久就……” 。 如： It wasn’t two years before he left the country.,4．since, ever since 1．since自……以來。表示動作從過去某一點時間一直延續(xù)到說話時間為止。主句中通常為延

21、續(xù)性動詞的現(xiàn)在完成時，從句中一般用短暫性動詞的一般過去時。 It has been just a week since we arrived here. Where have you been since I last saw you Since she was young, she has been collecting stamps.經(jīng)典句型：句型It is/has been＋段時間＋sin

22、ce…時間的計算？It‘s two years since he was a college student.他大學畢業(yè)已有兩年了,2．ever since 從那時起直至現(xiàn)在，此后一直。 3．since還可以用作副詞或介詞  My uncle went to Tibet in the 1950s. He has been living there（ever）since. 我叔叔五十年代就去了西藏，從那以后他

23、一直生活在那里。 You have made great achievements in your work since graduation. 你們自畢業(yè)以來已經(jīng)在工作中取得了巨大成就。,5. 一……就……表達法：as soon as...可譯為一……就……，用來表示主從句的動作是緊接著發(fā)生的。 一……就……還可以用on/ upon doing 結(jié)構(gòu)來表示。 On arriv

24、ing home he called up Lester.immediately instantly  directly 相當于as soon as，從句中用一般過去時態(tài)。 They phoned her immediately they reached home. 他一到家馬上就給她打了電話。the moment, the minute, the instant, the second

25、 這幾個名詞短語也可用作連詞，直接引導時間狀語從句，表示一  就  。,He said he'd turn on TV the moment he got home. 他說他一到家就打開電視機。 Tell him I need to see him the minute he arrives. 告訴他，他一到我就要見他。 The second the

26、 bell rang, the students rushed out of the classroom. 鈴一響，學生就沖出了教室。,5.hardly / scarcely……when, no sooner……than 這兩個短語都表示剛……就……，可以互換，主句通常用去完成時，從句用一般過去時。 He had no sooner started out than he felt homesi

27、ck. 他剛出發(fā)就想起家來。,注意： 當hardly, scarcely, no sooner 位于句子的開頭時，主句須用倒裝語序。,6. once once作連詞時，也相當于as soon as，但它含有的條件意味更濃，它引導的從句較短。 Once you begin, you must continue. 一旦開了頭，你就應(yīng)當繼續(xù)下去。 Once y

28、ou see him, you will never forget him. 你一旦見過他，就不會忘了他的。,7.next time, the first time, the last time, every time 等 Be sure to call on us next time you come to town. 下次你進城一定來看我們。 He left me a good imp

29、ression the first time I met him. 我第一次見他時，他給我留下了好印象。 Every time I see him he looks miserable. 我每次見到他，他都是一付痛苦的表情。 The last time I spoke to Bob, he seemed happy enough. 上一次我見到他時，他看上去很開心。,8.by

30、the time by the tine 也可以引導時間狀語從句，意為到……  時為止，主句一般要用完成時態(tài)。 By the time he was fourteen, Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by himself. 愛因斯坦到十四歲時就自學完了高等數(shù)學。 (從句為一般過去時，主句要用過去完成時) I shall

31、 have finished my work by the time you return. 在你回來之前我將會做完我的活兒。(從句為一般現(xiàn)在時，主句要用將來完成時),二、條件狀語從句 條件狀語從句是表示主句動作發(fā)生的前提或條件的從句。條件狀語從句分為真實條件狀語從句和非真實條件狀語從句。引導條件狀語從句的有if, unless, so/ as long as, as so far as, on condition tha

32、t, in case, suppose, supposing(that), provided(that), providing(that)等。條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞一般要用現(xiàn)在時或過去時代替一般將來時或過去將來時。,1.if表示正面條件，意為如果。 If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你向他請求，他會幫助你。 Difficulties are nothing if

33、 we are not afraid of them. 如果我們不怕困難，困難就算不了什么了。,注意：if only和only if的對比。 if only 解釋但愿，要是……就好了，表示一個不可能實現(xiàn)愿望，要用虛擬語氣。 only if 解釋只有，等于only on condition that，從句用陳述語氣。 Only if you heat ice, it turns to wa

34、ter. 只有當你給冰加熱，它才會變成水。 If only I knew! 要是我知道該多好。,2.unless unless 表示反面條件，意思是如果不、除非。  I won't let you in unless you show me your pass. 如果你不出示通行證，我就不讓你進來。 3.so long as, as

35、long as, on condition that 這幾個短語意思差不多，都表示只要，條件是……。 As/So long as we don't lose heart, we'll find a way to overcome the difficulty. 只要我們灰心，我們就能找到克服困難的方法。 You may use the room on condition t

36、hat so long as you clean it afterwards. 只要你用完后打掃干凈，你就可以使用這個房間。,4.in case萬一，如果 in case 既引導目的狀語從句，也可以引導條件狀語從句，等于if it happens that。 In case I forget, please remind me of my promise. 如果我忘了，請?zhí)嵝盐宜龅某兄Z。

37、 Send a message in case you have any difficulty. 萬一你有什么困難，請給我們一個信兒。,5.providing, provided that, supposing, suppose that, given that 這幾個短語意思相近，有如果，只要，假如等意思。 Given that they are inexperienced, they

38、‘ve done a good job. 考慮到他們?nèi)狈?jīng)驗，他們的工作已做得很好了。(that可以省略) Provided /Providing（that）we invite him, he would surely come to dinner. 假如我們邀請他的話，他肯定會來吃飯的。 Suppose/Supposing we can’t get enough food, what s

39、hall we do 假設(shè)我們弄不到足夠的食物，那我們怎幺辦？（僅用于疑問句）,1. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ____ they are not managed carefully. though B. before C. until D. if,2.In time of serious accidents, ____ we know some b

40、asic things about first aid, we can save lives. 　A. whether B. until　C. if D. unless,3.Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but ____ they have eggs or young chicks, they don’t use a nest. 　　A. why B. how C. u

41、nless D. where,because—直接原因,必不可少的原因，非推斷，是整個句子的重點，語氣最強．回答whysince – 通常放句首．譯為“既然，鑒于”主從句的時態(tài)一般相同。 as– 不談自明的原因，語氣最弱，多放于句首．for–不可用于句首，要放句中，引導后半句表原因，強調(diào)推理解釋。,三.原因狀語從句,1．引導原因狀語從句最常用的連詞是 because, since, 和as，所引導的從句可以放在主句之前，也可放在主

42、句之后。其中 because語勢最強，since次之，as又次之。,1. 在強調(diào)句中強調(diào)原因狀語從句，只能用because引導，不可用as或since.,2. because可以引導表語從句,而as, since不可以，這時主語一般都是it, this, that,It was ________ he was ill that he didn’t go with us.,It’s_________ he is too lazy.,3.

43、since往往表示的是已知的客觀事實，或分析后的推理，引導的從句大多置于句首，主從句的時態(tài)一般相同。,_______you are here, you must do it.,because,用because, as, since 填空,because,Since,1.John didn’t come to school _____ being ill yesterday.A.because of B.because

44、 C.since D.as2.---Mum,can I go out to play football with jessica?---No,you can’t ____ your homework is being done.A.before B.until C.as D.when3.These two areas are similar______ they both have a hig

45、h rainfall during this season.A.to that B.besides that C.in that D.except that,2．復合連詞也可以引導原因狀語從句，這些連詞有：now (that), seeing (that), considering (that), for the reason that, by reason that, for fear that, in that等，

46、如：,Now (that) (= Since) you mention it, I do remember. Now (=Since) the rain has stopped, let’s start. Seeing (that) all the guests have arrived, let’s have dinner. Considering that they are just beginners, they ar

47、e doing quite a good job.,1. so…that… 與such…that… 的區(qū)別,so +adj./adv. +thatso +adj. +a/an +可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+ thatso +many/much/few/little+名詞+that,e.g. It is so hot that we can’t sleep.,It is so interesting a book that she has read

48、 it twice.,such +a/an+adj.+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+thatsuch +adj. +復數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+thatsuch +a lot of/lots of +名詞+that,It is such an interesting book that she has read it twice.,There was such delicious food that he had too much.,引導狀語從句的連接詞

49、有so that/ so…that…/such…that…,四.結(jié)果狀語從句,填空：1.He studied hard ________ he passed the exam. 2.He was _____ angry ______ he couldn’t speak. 3. There was _____a lot of rain ______ we couldn’t go out. 4. It’s______ an int

50、eresting film _____ we all want to see it. 5. He had _____many falls _____ he was black and blue all over. 6. I am going to the lecture early ______ I’ll get a good seat.,so that,so,that,such,,such,that,so,that,so that

51、,So that 引導結(jié)果狀語從句表示實現(xiàn)的一件事或一個事實，從句謂語動詞一般不和情態(tài)動詞連用，且從句前多有逗號與主句分開。例如：She hurried, so that she caught the bus.(結(jié)果）She hurried so that she might catch the bus.（目的）,注意,五.讓步狀語從句,讓步狀語從句表示在某種相反的條件下，主句中的情況依然會出現(xiàn)。讓步狀語從句由although, t

52、hough, however, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever, whenever, wherever, whether（是否）, no matter (who, wha, etc), even if, even though等詞,,Although 和though均可以引導主步狀語從句，間為“雖然，盡管”但是although較though 正式，更多用于句首，though可用于句首、句中或

53、句末。二者均不可以與but邊用，但可以與副詞yet, still, nevertheless等連用。Although (though) he was ill, (sill/yet) he went on working.,注意1,as引導讓步狀語從句時從句部分語序要部分倒裝。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：,Young as he is, he can read and write in several foreign languages.,Child a

54、s he was, he had to support the family.（表語名詞提前并常省去冠詞）,n./adj./adv./v +as +主語＋謂語,注意2,2.while, whereas 這兩個詞也可引導讓步狀語從句，突出主句和從句的對比。 While I understand what you say, I can't agree with you. 雖然我理解你的意思，但我

55、還是不同意。 Some people like fat meat, whereas others hate it. 有些人喜歡肥肉，相反有些人討厭肥肉。,3.whether...or (not) ... whether...or (not) ...意思是不管……還是……。 Whether you believe it or not, it's true. 不管你信不信，這是真的。

56、 Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as planned. 不管天氣是好還是壞，他們都要按計劃啟程。 提示： 也可直接用or來連接兩個相同結(jié)構(gòu)來表示讓步。 Walking or sleeping, she always has the question in her mind. 無論走路還是睡覺

57、，她總是想著這個問題。,,1.There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely,_____ she was an only child. A.ever since B.now that C.even though D.even as2.____ you like it or not, you will have to give up

58、 smoking.A.If B.Whether C.How D.Why3.You should try to get a good night’s sleep ____ much work you have to do.A.however B.no matter C.although D.whatever4.You can eat food free in my restaurant _

59、___ you like.A.Whenever B.wherever C.whatever D.however,六、地點狀語從句  地點狀語從句通常由where, wherever（where的強勢語）和everywhere，anywhere等引導，是表示空間關(guān)系的狀語從句。1． where where 在……地方，去……地方 Wuhan lies where the Yan

60、gtze and the Han River meet. 武漢位于長江和漢水匯合處。 I found my books where I had left them. 我的書在我原來放的地方找到了。 You'd better make a mark where you have any questions. 哪兒有問題，你最好在哪兒做個記號。(這里where引導的從句不是

61、定語從句),引導詞：where：在……地方，去……地方Wherever：在任何……地方，無論哪里I’ll go wherever he goes.I’ll go where he went.everywhere Everywhere they went, they were kindly received. 他們每到一處都受到了友好的接待。,我要去他去的地方.,他去哪我就去哪.,注意： 在地點

62、狀語從句之前，不要使用介詞。 【誤】You should put the book at where it was. 【正】You should put the book where it was. 你應(yīng)該把書放在原來的地方。 【誤】We should go to where we are needed most. 【正】We should go where we are ne

63、eded most. 我們應(yīng)該到最需要我們的地方去。,地點狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別1.---Where do you plan to work?---I’ve made up my mind to go _____I’m most needed.A.to the place B.to which C.that D.where2.I will go to a country for a holid

64、ay ____ there are a lot of flowers and trees.A.in the place B.where C.which D.wherever辨析:Go back where you came from.Go back to the village where you came from.,七.目的狀語從句引導詞：so，so that，in order that，that，in

65、 case，for fear that，lest(唯恐，以免，為不使）等。其謂語動詞常與情態(tài)動詞can，could，may，might，should，would連用。1.I‘d like to arrive 20 minutes early_____ I can have time for a cup of tea.A.as soon as B.as a result C.in case D.so that2.

66、John may phone tonight. I don’t want to go out ____he phones.A.as long as B.in order that C.in case D.so that,The Shanghaiese are making great efforts to beautify the city____ more overseas companies will come.A

67、.in order that B.so as to C.so long as D.on condition that,He studied hard to the end that he might pass the entrance examination.Take your raincoat in case it rains.He left early in case he shoul

68、d miss the last train.I dare not go there for fear that he might see me.,八.方式狀語從句引導詞 1：as，(象….一樣,正如, 按照),as if/as though(好象,宛如)You must do the exercises as I show you. 注意1： as, just as  這兩個連詞的意思是如……，正

69、如……一樣。just as 比as 語氣要強一些。  Leave things as they are. 讓一切順其自然。 Please do as you are told. 請按照人家告訴你做的去做。也可說Please do as told.） Balloons float in the air just as boats do on the sea.

70、 Leave it as it is. He stated the facts as they were. He is ,as it were, a walking dictionary.,事實上,按現(xiàn)在的樣子,按原樣子,插入語,仿佛,好象,注意2,2．在非正式文體或口語中，也可用 the way (that) (= as = in the way in which), how, like等來引導，如

71、： Jean doesn’t do it the way I do. She is doing her work the way I like it done. You can do the job how you like. The landlord was watching him like (= just as) a cat watches a mouse. Do you make bread like yo

72、u make cakes?,九.比較狀語從句引導詞:as….as(和…一樣),not as/so…as(不如),than(比),the more…the more…(越…越…).這種從句常采用省略句的句型，如：He looks younger than he is. /He is as old as I am.He worked as fast as a skilled worker.The project was comple