5%20社會(huì)醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)（一）ppt

1、Reading of Social Medical English,上海中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)外語(yǔ)教學(xué)中心Foreign Languages Teaching Center,社會(huì)醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)閱讀,Hello Dolly!,Social Medicine,,Dolly the Sheep,Teaching Design,Objective & Requirements 本課教學(xué)目的與要求 通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)課文，讓學(xué)生從英語(yǔ)了解到何為克隆，克隆帶來(lái)的科技

2、發(fā)展是什么，有何意義？又面臨著哪些問(wèn)題？人們（包括專業(yè)人士）對(duì)它的態(tài)度怎樣，有何誤區(qū)？另外，這既是一篇醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)文章，也是一篇英語(yǔ)高級(jí)閱讀，因此，在學(xué)習(xí)課文內(nèi)容同時(shí)，也要求學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)文中出現(xiàn)的眾多的一流英語(yǔ)表達(dá)。,Focus & Difficulties：Language Points,本課的重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)Sentence Analysis and TranslationThe recent news from Scotland I

3、nstitute announcing the birth of a lamb called “Dolly” has ushered in the Age of Cloning. [最近蘇格蘭研究所發(fā)布了一頭名叫“多利”羊誕生的消息，這宣告了克隆時(shí)代的來(lái)臨。]句中announcing the birth of a lamb called “Dolly”是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作定語(yǔ)，修飾news；ushered in 義為“宣告；開創(chuàng)”，

4、如：The song of birds ushers in the dawn. [鳥鳴報(bào)曉]The French Revolution ushered in a new age.,,Scientists from the private agriculture research station outside Edinburgh have bypassed the traditional mode of reproduction –

5、 where the DNA from an egg and sperm is combined to form a new individual – and created a viable embryo from an adult body cell. [ 來(lái)自愛(ài)丁堡外的一家農(nóng)業(yè)研究站的科學(xué)家繞過(guò)傳統(tǒng)的繁殖模式，將一個(gè)成體細(xì)胞（跟卵子結(jié)合）繁殖成一個(gè)成活的胚胎，而傳統(tǒng)的繁殖模式通常是來(lái)自卵子和精子的DNA結(jié)合從而形成一個(gè)新的個(gè)體。

6、],,facilitate v. make it easierE.g. Such a port would facilitate the passage of oil from the Middle East to Japan.facility n.Practice gives a comfortable facility.嫻熟的技巧來(lái)自實(shí)踐.Facilities 設(shè)備,設(shè)施,工具educational __; airp

7、ort __; modern kitchen __ Context 各種有關(guān)情況, 背景, 環(huán)境,方面E.g It is in such a context that the military took over.軍方就是在這種情況下接管的.,,issue n. question that arises for discussionThe burning issues of the day當(dāng)今燃眉之急的問(wèn)題Skirt

8、the real issue回避實(shí)質(zhì)問(wèn)題Get down to issues; settle/ debate an issue; hot issueTo take a back seat is to accept a poorer or lower position; be second to sth. or sb. else.e.g.: During the war all manufacturing had to take

9、a back seat to military needs.,Example,[例句] Scientists from the private agriculture research station outside Edinburgh have bypassed the traditional mode of reproduction – where the DNA from an egg and sperm is combined

10、to form a new individual – and created a viable embryo from an adult body cell.,Somatic cell 體細(xì)胞,Example,[參考譯文] 來(lái)自愛(ài)丁堡外的一家農(nóng)業(yè)研究站的科學(xué)家繞過(guò)傳統(tǒng)的繁殖模式，將一個(gè)成體細(xì)胞（跟卵子結(jié)合）繁殖成一個(gè)成活的胚胎，而傳統(tǒng)的繁殖模式通常是來(lái)自卵子和精子的DNA結(jié)合從而形成一個(gè)新的個(gè)體。,Analysis on transl

11、ation,[分析] 句中 – where the DNA from an egg and sperm is combined to form a new individual – 是插入定語(yǔ)，起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用，此定語(yǔ)句前后兩個(gè)破折號(hào)有時(shí)也可換成兩個(gè)逗號(hào)或括號(hào)，根據(jù)作者主觀認(rèn)識(shí)而定。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，如作者認(rèn)為插入定語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容與前面所修飾的內(nèi)容十分的密不可分，則用括號(hào)，其次的用破折號(hào)，再其次的用逗號(hào)。這種插入定語(yǔ)，尤其是較長(zhǎng)的、較難的插入定語(yǔ)，閱

12、讀能力不是很強(qiáng)的學(xué)生在閱讀整個(gè)句子時(shí)可以先跳過(guò)不看，而將主句先看完，等理解了主句意思后再回過(guò)頭來(lái)看，這樣就比較容易理解整句的意思，也能正確譯好整個(gè)句子。,Exercise (comprehension and translation),But what is this “right” and can it sit comfortably with the fact that some of our fellow humans are a

13、lready “clones” and do not, in that sense, have a unique genetic identity?[提示] To sit comfortably / well with is to be accepted by; be agreeable to.,Exercise (comprehension and translation),2. It involves the dividing o

14、f an early embryo to let its individual cells grow into complete adults, thus mimicking the natural “cloning” process that results in twins.[提示] The adverb thus is interchangeable with thereby, which is used to introduc

15、e a present participle, indicating a result.,Dolly the Sheep,Teaching Design,Objective & Requirements 本課教學(xué)目的與要求 通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)課文，讓學(xué)生從英語(yǔ)了解到何為克隆，克隆帶來(lái)的科技發(fā)展是什么，有何意義？又面臨著哪些問(wèn)題？人們（包括專業(yè)人士）對(duì)它的態(tài)度怎樣，有何誤區(qū)？另外，這既是一篇醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)文章，也是一篇英語(yǔ)高級(jí)閱讀，因此，在學(xué)習(xí)課

16、文內(nèi)容同時(shí)，也要求學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)文中出現(xiàn)的眾多的一流英語(yǔ)表達(dá)。,Focus & Difficulties：Language Points,本課的重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)Sentence Analysis and TranslationThe recent news from Scotland Institute announcing the birth of a lamb called “Dolly” has ushered in the Ag

17、e of Cloning. [最近蘇格蘭研究所發(fā)布了一頭名叫“多利”羊誕生的消息，這宣告了克隆時(shí)代的來(lái)臨。]句中announcing the birth of a lamb called “Dolly”是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作定語(yǔ)，修飾news；ushered in 義為“宣告；開創(chuàng)”，如：The song of birds ushers in the dawn. [鳥鳴報(bào)曉]The French Revolution ushere

18、d in a new age.,,Scientists from the private agriculture research station outside Edinburgh have bypassed the traditional mode of reproduction – where the DNA from an egg and sperm is combined to form a new individual –

19、and created a viable embryo from an adult body cell. [ 來(lái)自愛(ài)丁堡外的一家農(nóng)業(yè)研究站的科學(xué)家繞過(guò)傳統(tǒng)的繁殖模式，將一個(gè)成體細(xì)胞（跟卵子結(jié)合）繁殖成一個(gè)成活的胚胎，而傳統(tǒng)的繁殖模式通常是來(lái)自卵子和精子的DNA結(jié)合從而形成一個(gè)新的個(gè)體。],,facilitate v. make it easierE.g. Such a port would facilitate the passa

20、ge of oil from the Middle East to Japan.facility n.Practice gives a comfortable facility.嫻熟的技巧來(lái)自實(shí)踐.Facilities 設(shè)備,設(shè)施,工具educational __; airport __; modern kitchen __ Context 各種有關(guān)情況, 背景, 環(huán)境,方面E.g It is in such a c

21、ontext that the military took over.軍方就是在這種情況下接管的.,,issue n. question that arises for discussionThe burning issues of the day當(dāng)今燃眉之急的問(wèn)題Skirt the real issue回避實(shí)質(zhì)問(wèn)題Get down to issues; settle/ debate an issue; hot issue

22、To take a back seat is to accept a poorer or lower position; be second to sth. or sb. else.e.g.: During the war all manufacturing had to take a back seat to military needs.,Example,[例句] Scientists from the private agri

23、culture research station outside Edinburgh have bypassed the traditional mode of reproduction – where the DNA from an egg and sperm is combined to form a new individual – and created a viable embryo from an adult body ce

24、ll.,Somatic cell 體細(xì)胞,Example,[參考譯文] 來(lái)自愛(ài)丁堡外的一家農(nóng)業(yè)研究站的科學(xué)家繞過(guò)傳統(tǒng)的繁殖模式，將一個(gè)成體細(xì)胞（跟卵子結(jié)合）繁殖成一個(gè)成活的胚胎，而傳統(tǒng)的繁殖模式通常是來(lái)自卵子和精子的DNA結(jié)合從而形成一個(gè)新的個(gè)體。,Analysis on translation,[分析] 句中 – where the DNA from an egg and sperm is combined to form a ne

25、w individual – 是插入定語(yǔ)，起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用，此定語(yǔ)句前后兩個(gè)破折號(hào)有時(shí)也可換成兩個(gè)逗號(hào)或括號(hào)，根據(jù)作者主觀認(rèn)識(shí)而定。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，如作者認(rèn)為插入定語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容與前面所修飾的內(nèi)容十分的密不可分，則用括號(hào)，其次的用破折號(hào)，再其次的用逗號(hào)。這種插入定語(yǔ)，尤其是較長(zhǎng)的、較難的插入定語(yǔ)，閱讀能力不是很強(qiáng)的學(xué)生在閱讀整個(gè)句子時(shí)可以先跳過(guò)不看，而將主句先看完，等理解了主句意思后再回過(guò)頭來(lái)看，這樣就比較容易理解整句的意思，也能正確譯好整個(gè)句子。

26、,Exercise (comprehension and translation),But what is this “right” and can it sit comfortably with the fact that some of our fellow humans are already “clones” and do not, in that sense, have a unique genetic identity?[

27、提示] To sit comfortably / well with is to be accepted by; be agreeable to.,Exercise (comprehension and translation),2. It involves the dividing of an early embryo to let its individual cells grow into complete adults, thu