內(nèi)在和外在激勵[文獻翻譯]

1、本科畢業(yè)論文（設計）外文翻譯外文題目IntrinsicExtrinsicMotivation外文出處ReviewofEconomicstudies外文作者RolbenabouJesntirole原文：IntrinsicExtrinsicMotivationROLBENABOUPrincetonUniversityInstitutefAdvancedStudyJEANTIROLEIDEI(UniversitedeToulouseI)CER

2、ASMITINTRODUCTIONShouldachildberewardedfpassinganexampaidtoreadabookWhatimpactdoempowermentmonitinghaveonemployeesmaleproductivityDoesreceivinghelpboosthurtselfesteemWhydoincentiveswkwellinsomecontextsbutappearcounterpro

3、ductiveinothersWhydopeoplesometimesunderminetheselfconfidenceofothersonwhoseefftinitiativetheydependThesequestionswillbestudiedherefromaunifyingperspectiveemphasizingtheinterplaybetweenanindividual’spersonalmotivationhis

4、socialenvironment.Weshallthusmodeltheinteractionsbetweenanagentwithimperfectselfknowledgeaninfmedprincipalwhochoosesanincentivestructuresuchasofferingrewardsthreateningpunishmentsdelegatingatasksimplygivingencouragementp

5、raisecriticism.Itisacentralthemeofeconomicsthatincentivespromoteefftcontrols”groups.Takentogetherthesemanyfindingsindicatealimitedimpactofrewardson“engagement”(currentactivity)anegativeoneon“reengagement”(persistence).Ar

6、elatedbodyofwktransposestheseideasfromtheeducationalsettingtothewkplace.InwellknowncontributionsEtzioni(1971)arguesthatwkersfindcontroloftheirbehaviourviaincentives“alienating”“dehumanizing”DeciRyan(1985)devoteachapterof

7、theirbooktoacriticismoftheuseofperfmancecontingentrewardsinthewksetting.2withoutcondemningcontingentcompensationBaronKreps(1999p.99)concludethat:Thereisnodoubtthatthebenefitsof[pieceratesystemspayfperfmanceincentivedevic

8、es]canbeconsiderablycompromisedwhenthesystemsunderminewkers’intrinsicmotivation.Kreps(1997)reptshisuneasinesswhenteachinghumanresourcesmanagementdiscussingtheimpactofincentivedevicesinawaythatissomewhatfeigntostardeconom

9、icthey.indeedrecentexperimentalevidenceontheuseofperfmancecontingentwagesfinesconfirmsthatexplicitincentivessometimesresultinwsecompliancethanincompletelabourcontracts(FehrFalk(1999)FehrScht(2000)GneezyRustichini(2000a))

10、.RelatedlyGneezyRustichini(2000b)findthatofferingmoaryincentivestosubjectsfansweringquestionstakenfromanIQteststrictlydecreasestheirperfmanceunlessthe“piecerate”israisedtoahighenoughlevel.InthepolicydomainFreyOberholzerG

11、ee(1997)surveyedcitizensinSwisscantonswherethegovernmentwasconsideringlocatinganuclearwasterepositytheyfoundthatthefractionsupptingsitingofthefacilityintheircommunityfellbyhalfwhenpubliccompensationwasoffered.Ouraimherew

12、illbetwofold.Firstwewanttoanalysethe“hiddencosts”ofrewardspunishmentsfromaneconomiccognitiveperspectiveratherthanjustpositanaversiveimpactonmotivation.Indeedgiventhatincentiveswkquiteeffectivelyinmanyinstancesoneneedstou