研究生考試英語(yǔ)閱讀理解模擬試題及解析

1、考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解模擬試題及解析一、Themajityofsuccessfulsenimanagersdonotcloselyfollowtheclassicalrationalmodeloffirstclarifyinggoalsassessingtheproblemfmulatingoptionsestimatinglikelihoodsofsuccessmakingadecisiononlythentakingactiontoimp

2、lementthedecision.Ratherintheirdaybydaytacticalmaneuverstheseseniexecutivesrelyonwhatisvaguelytermedintuitiontomanageawkofinterrelatedproblemsthatrequirethemtodealwithambiguityinconsistencynoveltysurprise；tointegrateacti

3、onintotheprocessofthinking.Generationsofwritersonmanagementhaverecognizedthatsomepracticingmanagersrelyheavilyonintuition.Ingeneralhoweversuchwritersdisplayapograspofwhatintuitionis.Someseeitastheoppositeofrationalityoth

4、ersviewitasanexcusefcapriciousness.Isenbergsrecentresearchonthecognitiveprocessesofsenimanagersrevealsthatmanagersintuitionisneitherofthese.Rathersenimanagersuseintuitioninatleastfivedistinctways.Firsttheyintuitivelysens

5、ewhenaproblemexists.Secondmanagersrelyonintuitiontoperfmwelllearnedbehavipatternsrapidly.Thisintuitionisnotarbitraryirrationalbutisbasedonyearsofpainstakingpracticehsonexperiencethatbuildskills.Athirdfunctionofintuitioni

6、stosynthesizeisolatedbitsofdatapracticeintoanintegratedpictureofteninanAha！experience.Fourthsomemanagersuseintuitionasacheckontheresultsofmerationalanalysis.Mostseniexecutivesarefamiliarwiththefmaldecisionanalysismodelst

7、oolsthosewhousesuchsystematicmethodsfreachingdecisionsareoccasionallyleeryofsolutionssuggestedbythesemethodswhichruncountertotheirsenseofthecrectcourseofaction.Finallymanagerscanuseintuitiontobypassindepthanalysismoverap

8、idlytoengenderaplausiblesolution.Usedinthiswayintuitionisanalmostinstantaneouscognitiveprocessinwhichamanagerrecognizesfamiliarpatterns.Oneoftheimplicationsoftheintuitivestyleofexecutivemanagementisthatthinkingisinsepara

9、blefromacting.Sincemanagersoftenknowwhatisrightbefetheycananalyzeexplainittheyfrequentlyactfirstexplainlater.Analysisisinextricablytiedtoactioninthinkingactingcyclesinwhichmanagersdevelopthoughtsabouttheircompaniesganiza

10、tionsnotbyanalyzingaproblematicsituationthenactingbutbyactinganalyzingincloseconcert.Giventhegreatuncertaintyofmanyofthemanagementissuesthattheyfacesenimanagersofteninstigateacourseofactionsimplytolearnmeaboutanissue.The

11、ythenusetheresultsoftheactiontodevelopamecompleteunderstingoftheissue.Oneimplicationofthinkingactingcyclesisthatactionisoftenpartofdefiningtheproblemnotjustofimplementingthesolution.1.Accdingtothetextsenimanagersuseintui

12、tioninallofthefollowingwaysEXCEPTto5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheganizationofthefirstparagraphofthetext？[A]Anassertionismadeaspecificsupptingexampleisgiven.[B]Aconventionalmodelisdismissedanalternativeintroduced.[

13、C]Theresultsofrecentresearchareintroducedsummarized.[D]Twoopposingpointsofviewarepresentedevaluated.[答案與考點(diǎn)解析]1.「答案」D「考點(diǎn)解析」這是一道歸納推導(dǎo)題。本題題干中的senimanagers暗示本題的答案信息在第三段因?yàn)榈谌问拙浒}干中的senimanagers。通過(guò)仔細(xì)閱讀和理解本段中所談到的五點(diǎn)我們可推導(dǎo)出本題的正確選項(xiàng)

14、是選項(xiàng)D.本題選項(xiàng)A、B、C所涉及的內(nèi)容分別在本段的第五點(diǎn)、第一點(diǎn)和第三點(diǎn)提到。考生在解題時(shí)一定要學(xué)會(huì)認(rèn)真歸納和總結(jié)原文所表達(dá)的每一層含義。2.「答案」D「考點(diǎn)解析」這是一道句間關(guān)系題。題干已將本題的答案信息圈定在第二段。本段中的第二句是本題答案信息的最主要來(lái)源通過(guò)閱讀和理解此句我們可推導(dǎo)出本題的正確選項(xiàng)是D.考生在解題時(shí)一定要適當(dāng)理解上下句之間的關(guān)系。3.「答案」C「考點(diǎn)解析」本題是一道審題定位題。題干中的whousesintuiti

15、ontoreachdecisions暗示本題的答案信息在第四段因?yàn)榈谒亩问拙浜泻皖}干中whousesintuitiontoreachdecisions大致相同的theintuitivestyleofexecutivemanagement。通過(guò)仔細(xì)閱讀和理解第四段的每一句話我們可發(fā)現(xiàn)第四段的第一句話都在強(qiáng)調(diào)act（行動(dòng)）可見(jiàn)本題的正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該是強(qiáng)調(diào)行動(dòng)的選項(xiàng)C.本題的答案信息來(lái)源是第四段的第二句話?？忌诮忸}時(shí)一定要首先準(zhǔn)確地審題定位然

16、后要善于歸納和理解原文中的中心主旨信息。4.「答案」D「考點(diǎn)解析」本題是一道審題定位題。題干中并沒(méi)有明確指出本題答案信息在原文的準(zhǔn)確位置。在這種情況下考生往往迷失解題思路。在考生迷失解題思路時(shí)一定要牢記全文中心主旨并且抓住各段的核心句。本文的中心主旨句在第一段的尾句。如果考生能夠抓住第一段的尾句并結(jié)合第三段的第四、五句就可以推導(dǎo)出本題的正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該是D.考生在解題時(shí)尤其是在迷失解題思路時(shí)一定要首先抓全文的中心主旨句同時(shí)還要抓一些明確表示