public transpor3

1、Reading,The first underground in the world,Can you explain the word “transport”?Transport is a system built to carry people or goods to another place using vehicles, boats or airplanes.,How many means of transportati

2、on in former times do you know?,Discussion,Rickshaw,Sedan-chairs,Boat,Carriage,How many means of transportation in modern times do you know?,on wheels,With the development of science and technology, we travel on bikes, i

3、n cars, in trains or in planes. In a word, we move from place to place on wheels.,bicycle,motorbike,helicopter,Hot air balloon,car,ferry,tram,taxi,Reading,The first underground in the world,Skim the text and find the ge

4、neral idea of the passage. This article is a tourist brochure about how the London Underground developed.,When was the first underground system opened?2. What did Charles Holden do?,In 1863.,He designed the most fa

5、mous of the new stations constructed between 1918 and 1938.,It was important because it linked with other lines at almost every station, helping make the system more user-friendly.,3. Why was the Victoria Line important?

6、,Structure analyzing,Paragraph 1,Paragraphs 2-4,Paragraph 5,Paragraphs 6-7,The main ideas of the four parts,Part 1Part 2Part 3Part 4,The main ideas of the four parts,Part 1Reasons why the first underground in the wor

7、ld was developed.Part 2Part 3Part 4,The main ideas of the four parts,Part 1Reasons why the first underground in the world was developed.Part 2Developments of the first underground.Part 3Part 4,The main ideas of t

8、he four parts,Part 1Reasons why the first underground in the world was developed.Part 2Developments of the first underground.Part 3Some unusual uses of the first underground during World WarⅡ.Part 4,The main ideas

9、of the four parts,Part 1Reasons why the first underground in the world was developed.Part 2Developments of the first underground.Part 3Some unusual uses of the first underground during World WarⅡ.Part 4Enlargement

10、 and popularity of the first underground system.,Reading strategy,How to read a tourist brochure 1 a brief history of the development 2 an invitation or encouragement,Underline the time clues in the text quickly. Remem

11、ber the details of each time clue as quickly as you can.,Scanning,,Development of the LU system.,,An underground railway was approved to be built by the British government.,Development of the LU system.,,An underground r

12、ailway was approved to be built by the British government.,The first tunnels were opened.,Development of the LU system.,,An underground railway was approved to be built by the British government.,The first tunnels were o

13、pened.,The next section of the underground system was opened in the south of London.,Development of the LU system.,Two companies linked up to provide underground service in the middle of the city. The first railway tunne

14、l under the River Thames was dug.,Two companies linked up to provide underground service in the middle of the city. The first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug.,The first electric underground railway was open

15、ed.,Two companies linked up to provide underground service in the middle of the city. The first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug.,The first electric underground railway was opened.,The London Passenger Trans

16、port Board was created.,Two companies linked up to provide underground service in the middle of the city. The first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug.,The first electric underground railway was opened.,The Lo

17、ndon Passenger Transport Board was created.,Many new stations were constructed.,Two companies linked up to provide underground service in the middle of the city. The first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug.,T

18、he first electric underground railway was opened.,The London Passenger Transport Board was created.,Many new stations were constructed.,The Jubilee Line was opened.,1. Why was the underground system developed in London?,

19、Most railway tracks did not go into the London city centre, so buses, trams, cabs, and carriages were required. The number of vehicles on the road caused unbelievable traffic jams. So the underground system was developed

20、 in London.,Read again and answer the following questions.,2. What was the London Underground like in 1863?,The tunnels were just beneath the surface of the ground. The carriages did not have windows and were pulled by s

21、team engines through the narrow tunnels.,3. What did Charles Yerkes do to improve the underground system?,He obtained ownership of the many different lines and set up the Underground Electric Railways Company of London.,

22、4. What unusual uses did the tube have during World War II ?,During World War II, the tube was used as a bomb shelter, an airplane factory, a centre for directing the defence against air attacks and meeting rooms for the

23、 government administration.,5. What happened to the London Underground after World War II?,After World War II, the underground system was enlarged and more lines were added because more people travelled on the undergroun

24、d.,6. What does it mean when the brochure says that the underground system is user-friendly?,It means that it is very convenient for passengers to go to different places in the city from any station.,Charles Henry Holde

25、n,Charles Henry Holden (1875 –1960) was a Bolton-born English architect best known for designing many London Underground stations during the 1920s and 1930s, for Bristol Central Library, the Underground Electric Railways

26、 Company of London's headquarters at 55 Broadway and for the University of London's Senate House.,55 Broadway is a listed building overlooking St. James's Park in London,South Wimbledon station, one of the s

27、tations for the extension of the City and South London Railway,Subway Town Station,Arnos Grove Station,Southgate Station,Language focus,The first underground in the world,What information did you get about the London U

28、nderground from the text?,reasons developmentunusual functions/usesexpansion & popularity,,Translate the words or phrases into Chinese.,rail services the first half of the 19th century horse-drawn bus convey …

29、to … traffic jam lead to give approval to,鐵路運(yùn)輸19世紀(jì)上半葉 馬拉車將…運(yùn)往/送往(某地)交通阻塞導(dǎo)致，引起批準(zhǔn),Translate the words or phrases into Chinese.,a large amount of money beneath the surface of groundpull through link up provide

30、 service at regular intervals,一大筆錢 地表下面穿過…(使)連接/結(jié)合/合并提供服務(wù) 每隔一定時間,Translate the words or phrases into Chinese.,get fresh air accelerate the pace ofover the next twenty years far fromobtain ownership of s

31、et up,呼吸新鮮空氣 加快…的步伐 在接下來的二十年里遠(yuǎn)離… 獲得…的所有權(quán)建立,Translate the words or phrases into Chinese.,place … under the authority of function as be used as air attacks travel on the underground in honour of,讓…受…的管轄起…

32、的作用被用做…空襲乘坐地鐵為紀(jì)念/為慶?！?,as:L 1L26L31L45L56Child as he is, he has known a lot.As is known to us all, being diligent and perseverant can contribute to success.As it was getting late, I turned around to star

33、t for home.,However, most trains to London only went to the outer city limits, because building railway tracks into the city would have damaged many old buildings.句中building railway tracks into the city 是動名詞短語，在because

34、引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句中作主語。 該從句中使用的是虛擬語氣，意思相當(dāng)于if railway tracks had been built into the city, they would have damaged many old buildings.,L6 Horse-drawn buses, trams, cabs and carriages were used to convey people to and around the

35、 city center.. convey v. 運(yùn)送，輸送，表達(dá)In the desert areas, camels are used to convey goods.It’s hard to convey his feelings in word. convey … to 將…運(yùn)往/送往 (某地); 把…傳達(dá)給(某人),We don’t know what ideas the director, Zha

36、ng Yimou, wants to ________ to the audience of the world through the ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. A. deliver B. carry C. convey D. transport,答案 C,L14 H

37、owever, new trains had to be developed and the plan required raising a large amount of money, so the digging was postponed until 1860. require v. 要求、命令1) This game requires a minimum of three players.2) Napo

38、leon required every soldier to obey his orders.3) It’s required that everyone (should) be present on time.,require sth. 需要某事物 require sb. to do sth. (sb. be required to do sth.) 要求某人做某事 require that sb. (should) d

39、o sth. 要求某人應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事 requirement n. 要求；需要； 必要條件 meet the requirements 滿足要求,【用法點(diǎn)撥】 require doing ＝ require to be done (當(dāng)句中主語為require后面動詞的邏輯賓語時，動詞有兩種形式：動名詞用主動式doing；不定式用被動式to be done。有這樣用法的動詞還有need, want等。),

40、1) Before entering the cinema, all the people were required ________ their tickets. A. showing B. to be showed C. to showing D. to show 2) Mr. Green talked with his woman secretary and

41、required that she ________ the new plan secret. A. kept B. keep C. would keep D. keeps,D,B,3) The woman told the workers her house ________. A．required to paint B．required p

42、ainting C．required being painted D．requires to be painted,B,a large amount of 大量的 ( = large amounts of后接不可數(shù)名詞)A large amount of money is spent on advertisements every year.A large amount of time and energy wa

43、s used to do the report.,Because of ______ mail we receive, we may not be able to reply to your letter. Please remember to include your full name with your letter.A. a great many of B. a large number ofC. the lar

44、ge amount of D. a great plenty of解析：考查表示數(shù)量的短語。句意表示“由于我們收到郵件數(shù)量很多……”，mail為不可數(shù)名詞，故選C。,C,The number of the students in our school ______ about 3000 and ______ them study hard. A. is; a large amount of B. are; a numb

45、er of C. are; large amount of D. is; a large number of【解析】the number of …指“…的數(shù)” , 做主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；a number of …(許多，大量)做主語時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。a large amount of (許多，大量)通常修飾不可數(shù)名詞。句意：我們學(xué)校里的學(xué)生的數(shù)量大約是 3000，他們中有很多人學(xué)習(xí)都很努力。,D,1) They ha

46、ve decided _________________ ____________ for some time. 他們決定推遲一段時間再開會。 2) We had to ______________________ because our children were ill. 因?yàn)槲覀兊暮⒆由×耍晕覀儾坏貌煌七t去法國。,to postpone holding the meeting,postpone going to

47、France,postpone v. 推遲，延期,3) Let's postpone________ a decision until we have more information. A. to make B. making C. made D. make 4) 音樂會延遲到星期六。(postpone),B,The concert has been postp

48、oned to Saturday.,L17 Passengers were transported in carriages without windows, which were pulled through the narrow tunnels by steam engines.pull through 恢復(fù)健康；完成，做成（十分困難的事）He will pull through his illness soon.

49、It’s going to be tough but we’ll pull through it together.,The boss wishes that his sick outstanding manager could _______ and come back to work as soon as possible. A. pull through B. put through C. go

50、through D. look through 【解析】 pull through”康復(fù)”; put through”完成”; go through”通過”; look through”瀏覽; 審核”。,A,We hope that she will ____ soon. returns back B. reach to home C. reach for D. pull through 解析：

51、 pull through 度過難關(guān),D,go through 經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受；瀏覽；檢查；通過；用完；做完 get through 通過(考試等)；接通電話；完成 pass through 走過；路過 live through 經(jīng)歷 look through 瀏覽；往…里面看 come through 安然渡過(疾病、危機(jī)等) bring through 使人渡過…；救治；救活,L21 Sixteen years later,

52、 in 1884, the Metropolitan Railway Company and the Metropolitan District Railway linked up and provided … link up 合并；連接，結(jié)合The two organizations linked up to hold a charity event.,,(1) 兩條公路在這里連接起來。 The two hi

53、ghways _____________ here. (2) 這個組織的目的是將全國遭受這種疾病的人們聯(lián)系起來。 The organization’s aim is ___________ people from all over the country who are suffering from the disease.,link up,to link up,L27 These new ways of

54、 digging accelerated the pace of the London Underground’s development. accelerate v. 加速;促進(jìn) The bad weather accelerated our departure. accelerate the pace of 加快……的步伐The conference accelerated the pace o

55、f educational reforms. acceleration n. 加速；促進(jìn)；加速度,A driver ______ his car when he makes it go faster or increases its speed. A. modifies B. develops C. accelerates D stimulatesMany p

56、eople complain of rapid ______ of modern life. A. rate B. speed C. pace D. growth,C,C,The government plans _____________________ (加快改革步伐) reform.,to accelerate the pace of,L33 Having seen

57、 the situation, a wealthy American businessman, Charles Yerkes, undertook improving the system in 1902 by obtaining the ownership of the many different lines and …分詞短語Having seen the situation 作時間狀語，因?yàn)楸硎镜膭幼靼l(fā)生在主句的謂語動作之前

58、，所以用分詞的完成時態(tài)。又如： Having finished her homework, she helped do the housework.,undertake v. 承擔(dān)，從事，答應(yīng)，保證I could undertake the work for you.I can undertake that you will benefit from this experience. 過去式 undert

59、ook 過去分詞undertaken,undertake a task 承擔(dān)任務(wù) undertake an attack 發(fā)動進(jìn)攻 undertake to do sth. 答應(yīng)/同意做某事undertake for 為…承擔(dān); 為……負(fù)責(zé),The new laboratories will be constructed this year, and local firms have been asked to

60、 _______ the work. A. assign B. manufacture C. provide D. undertake 我將保證你的安全。I’ll ________________ your security.,D,undertake for,他保證過要來參加我的生日晚會的。He ____________________

61、___ my birthday party.= He _______________ he would come to my birthday party. 他答應(yīng)在星期五以前完成那份工作。 He _________________________ by Friday. 我保證你會喜歡這次旅行。 I ___________________ you will enjoy the trip.,undertook to

62、come to,undertook that,undertook to finish the job,can undertake that,-ship 表示“情況，性質(zhì)，技巧，技能及身份，職業(yè)”，構(gòu)成具有抽象名詞的含義。 hardship, relationship, membership, friendship, seamanship, scholarship, professorship,ownership n. 所有權(quán),L

63、44 When London was bombed, many underground stations functioned as bomb shelters: function as 起……的作用This big room functions as a meeting room. The sofa can also function as a bed. 同義短語：serve as

64、function n．作用；功能；職能 vi. 起作用；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),(2012·武漢調(diào)研) The kitchen is often the busiest room in a household, so it's important to make sure it _______ well. A. smoothes B

65、. functions C. pays D. measures [解析] function 起……作用，發(fā)揮功能，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。句意：廚房通常是家里最忙碌的房間，因此確保它很好發(fā)揮功能很重要。smooth 使……順利，撫平； pay 付款； measure 測量。,B,Sometimes, some adverbs ___ as adjectives. You must pay atten

66、tion to them when you read the English text. A. are functionedB. function C. were functionedD. functions,B,L51The last line added was the Jubilee Line, which was opened in 1979 in honour of the twenty-fifth anni

67、versary of Elizabeth II becoming the queen. in honour of 為紀(jì)念…，為慶?！?Let’s have a party in honour of their wedding. The monument was erected in honour of the soldiers who died for the country.,My sister was aga

68、inst my suggestion while my brother was _________ it. A. in favour of B. in memory of C. in honour of D. in search of,A,L60 Visit our ticket office and buy one of the travel cards that