a discussion of the changes of business etiquettes in cross-cultural communication 論跨文化交際中商務(wù)禮儀的變遷

1、<p>　　A discussion of the changes of business etiquettes in cross-cultural communication </p><p>　　論跨文化交際中商務(wù)禮儀的變遷</p><p><b>　　Abstract</b></p><p>　　With the unceasi

2、ng progress of world economic integration, China's economy is gradually mixing into the world economic system. In the international business trade, in order to reach the purpose of communication, we need to understan

3、d the business etiquettes from different cultural background. </p><p>　　The increase in international business and in foreign investment has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages

4、and skills in cross-cultural communication. And the business etiquette is one of the most important parts in it. The different cultural will cause the different behavior. And the different cultural will also cause differ

5、ent business etiquettes. </p><p>　　If we want to understand the changes of business etiquettes in cross-cultural communication, first, we need to know the difference between Chinese and foreign cultural. Sen

6、cond, we need to know the origin and development of business etiquettes, so we can analyze what is the changes of the business etiquettes better. </p><p>　　The thesis will going to discuss the changes of bus

7、iness etiquettes in cross-cultural communication based on the above aspects. Combine the opinion of myself, analyze that how to use the business etiquettes to make the business practice go smoothly. At the same time, bas

8、ed on the history of the changes of business etiquettes, suppose how will the business etiquettes changes in the future.</p><p>　　Key Words: business etiquettes; cross-cultural communication; cultural differ

9、ence; the changes of business etiquettes</p><p><b>　　摘 要</b></p><p>　　我國(guó)加入世貿(mào)組織后，與其他國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)交往日益頻繁，國(guó)際貿(mào)易不斷發(fā)展。在國(guó)際商務(wù)活動(dòng)中,要達(dá)到有效交際的目標(biāo),就必須從文化差異的角度去了解國(guó)際商務(wù)禮儀。</p><p>　　不斷增長(zhǎng)的國(guó)際貿(mào)易交流以及跨

10、國(guó)公司的成立，使得了解外國(guó)文化，語(yǔ)言以及跨文化交際能力成為了我們急需掌握的技能。而商務(wù)禮儀正是其中非常必要的內(nèi)容。文化差異必然導(dǎo)致行為差異,不同的文化環(huán)境下也會(huì)形成不同的商務(wù)禮儀。</p><p>　　因此要了解跨文化交際中商務(wù)禮儀的變遷, 首先需要了解中外文化的的差異。其次,需要知道商務(wù)禮儀的起源與歷史,以便更好的分析商務(wù)禮儀產(chǎn)生了哪些變遷. </p><p>　　本文將從以上幾個(gè)方面來(lái)

11、討論跨文化交際中商務(wù)禮儀的變遷。結(jié)合自己的分析,總結(jié)在如今的商務(wù)活動(dòng)中,如何運(yùn)用商務(wù)禮儀,使商務(wù)活動(dòng)達(dá)到最好的結(jié)果.同時(shí),根據(jù)已有商務(wù)禮儀變遷的歷史,大膽假設(shè)分析,未來(lái)商務(wù)禮儀將會(huì)向何處變遷.</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞: 商務(wù)禮儀； 跨文化交際； 文化差異； 商務(wù)禮儀的變遷</p><p><b>　　CONTENTS</b></p><p>

12、;　　1 Introduction1</p><p>　　1.1 The concept of business etiquettes1</p><p>　　1.2 The content of business etiquettes2</p><p>　　2 Cross-Cultural Communication and Business Etiquett

13、es3</p><p>　　2.1 The cross-cultural communication3</p><p>　　2.1.1The meaning of cross-cultural communication4</p><p>　　2.1.2 The content of cross-cultural communication4</p&g

14、t;<p>　　2.1.3 The purpose of cross-cultural communication6</p><p>　　2.2 The business etiquettes6</p><p>　　2.2.1 The business etiquettes in modern times7</p><p>　　2.2.2 The

15、 business etiquettes in nowadays7</p><p>　　2.2.3 The process of business etiquettes8</p><p>　　3 Difference and Changes of Business Etiquettes10</p><p>　　3.1 The difference of bus

16、iness etiquettes between China and foreign countries10</p><p>　　3.1.1 The way of address10</p><p>　　3.1.2 The view of time11</p><p>　　3.1.3 The dietary habit12</p><p&

17、gt;　　3.1.4 The way of gift giving13</p><p>　　3.2 The changes of business etiquettes in Chinese and foreign cultural13</p><p>　　3.3 The influence of Chinese and foreign business etiquette in cu

18、lture respect14</p><p>　　Conclusion16</p><p>　　Acknowledgement17</p><p>　　Reference18</p><p>　　1 Introduction</p><p>　　Business etiquette is in the bus

19、iness activities reflect respect each other's code of conduct. Business etiquette is the core of this kind of behavior criterion, are used to constrain our daily business activities all aspects of the. Business etiqu

20、ette core role is to show people mutual respect. So we study business etiquette becomes even more important. We can use a simple way to generalize the business etiquette; it is business activities of human in appearance

21、and behaviors of the universal d</p><p>　　“Etiquette is to sustain and develop interpersonal relationship and of generation, is the human civilization and an important symbol of social progresses; it is not

22、only the important content of communication activities, and moral culture of the external performance form with rich connotation.”(Jin Zhengkun 2004) Business etiquette, is the company or enterprise business personnel in

23、 business activities, in order to shape the individual or enterprise's good image and follow to communication objec</p><p>　　1.1 The concept of business etiquettes</p><p>　　The people who lo

24、ok inside the respect of love, through the beautiful instrument, ceremony expression comes out, is etiquette. Business contacts in face a lot of, but the basic speaking is human contacts, so we put business etiquette def

25、ined as business personnel communication art. People have different interpretations to etiquette. Some say that a moral accomplishment. Some say that a kind of etiquette is a kind of formal beauty, someone speak etiquett

26、e is a kind of custom. Business etiquette p</p><p>　　1.2 The content of business etiquettes</p><p>　　In business activities, in order to show respect, need through some code of conduct to discip

27、line the people in all aspects of the business activities, including instrument etiquette, manners, epistolary contact, telephone communication skills, from business activities occasions and can be divided into office et

28、iquette, banquet etiquette, hospitality etiquette, etc. Along with the international association of frequent and universal, which require business people understand and use appropriate in</p><p>　　2 Cross-Cu

29、ltural Communication and Business Etiquettes</p><p>　　Etiquette is the basis of the civilization of the whole society, and is the social civilization is the most direct form of the most comprehensive. China

30、is a land of decorum with a splendid culture of five thousand years Chinese civilization in the world influence. But in nearly 200 years, with the rise of western countries, western dominated the world, and now the preva

31、iling international etiquette is basically the western etiquette. With the opening and reform forward, transnational communicat</p><p>　　2.1 The cross-cultural communication</p><p>　　Due to the

32、Chinese English cultural existence on entirely different traditions and customs, people's life style, way of thinking and value concept, language habits and so on all have very big difference. Many daily behaviors in

33、 two kinds of language communication activities are also obvious cultural differences. Language is the carrier of culture, culture is one of the inseparable parts, and it not only reflects the culture and the influence o

34、f by culture. In addition to language use by structur</p><p>　　It is refers to native speakers and non-native speakers. Politeness of communication between also refers to any in the language and cultural bac

35、kgrounds have differences between people's communication. Popular it is if you and foreigners (since there are the differences in language and culture background), should pay attention to what problem, should how too

36、 correctly to exchange. From the point of view of the foreign Chinese major, "cross-cultural communication" concept can be defined: In the s</p><p>　　2.1.1The meaning of cross-cultural communicatio

37、n</p><p>　　Cultural differences can cause communication obstacles. But it is the existence of the cultural differences, the world is rich and colorful, have the demand of communication. Mutual respect for ea

38、ch other’s culture, and to promote mutual understanding, makes different cultural complementary, make this national culture get development. If each other exists cultural discrimination, causing the conflict is not surpr

39、ising. Since the reform and opening up, China has undergone earth-shaking changes, "</p><p>　　2.1.2 The content of cross-cultural communication</p><p>　　First communication both parties mus

40、t come from different cultural background</p><p>　　A cultural difference in background is a broad concept, is refers to the difference between the different cultural circles, and also refers to the same cult

41、ure circle the difference between internal subculture. Cultural differences mainly refer to the difference between the different cultural circle, especially China and countries in Europe and America cultural differences.

42、 For from the actual situation of cross-cultural communication view, due to cultural differences in background lead to commu</p><p>　　Second communication both parties must use the same kind of language comm

43、unication. This is obvious, if one party to use a language, and the other party to use another different language, communication is without. But, since communication both sides come from different cultural background, an

44、d to use the same language, then used the language of communication for a party it is language, which the other party is inevitable as a second language. Such as a Chinese and an American conversation, they </p>&

45、lt;p>　　Third communication of both sides is real-time oral communication. Intercultural communication way in varied forms can be language symbol communication, also can nonverbal symbol communication, such as goods, p

46、ictorial, material objects, image, and perform to this other materialized form of symbol communication; Can be the two-way communication, also can be through the medium of one-way communication, such as television, radio

47、, newspapers, magazines or advertising mode of transmission of communi</p><p>　　Forth communication is the direct speech communication. The current domestic intercultural communication research mainly focuse

48、s on foreign language teaching boundary. Intercultural communication is a young discipline; it is in the international communication is a becoming more and more frequent, global economic integration specific time produci

49、ng emerging discipline. In China, the intercultural communication research is the product of reform and opening up, is Chinese international promotion st</p><p>　　2.1.3 The purpose of cross-cultural communic

50、ation</p><p>　　Cultivate people have a positive attitude to understand different cultures. “Culture is a difference, through the discovery of each other's difference, which in turn to deepen our understa

51、nding of the culture.”(Xu Bing 2009) In the process of found differences, we also want to pay attention to not neglect a lot of in common.</p><p>　　Cultivate cross-cultural contact's adaptation. First an

52、d different cultural contact, often will be affected by culture shock, so as to produce some does not adapt. To make the communication to continue, must try to slow down impact strike, improve the adaptability.</p>

53、<p>　　Cultivate intercultural communication skills. Along with the further enlargement opening, go out of the country or stay at home to participate in intercultural communication by more and more people, they all

54、 need to learn, master and different cultural background are when dealing with a practical skill. In the United States, except in the university has aspect of the curriculum, but the society, such as the business world,

55、many institutions have specifically responsible for the cultivation of th</p><p>　　2.2 The business etiquettes</p><p>　　The first role is to improve our business personnel's personal qualiti

56、es. The market competition is ultimately personnel quality competition, to business personnel speaking; business personnel's quality is the business personnel individual accomplishment and personal expression. Breedi

57、ng is reflected in detail, detail display quality. The so-called personal qualities is business contacts in the manner of dealing with people's basic performance, such as smoking, general educated person in front o&l

58、t;/p><p>　　The second function can help to establish good interpersonal communication. Interactions not polite, do not understand the rules sometimes will screw it up. (such as the phone). Call to make an appoi

59、ntment, booking must be on time.</p><p>　　The third use of maintenance is imagination. Individual is the enterprise and national image. Business etiquette is to maintain the enterprise image. </p><

60、;p>　　2.2.1 The business etiquettes in modern times</p><p>　　Business etiquette is one of the aspects, so have to explore the origin of etiquette, the etiquette originated from customs. Man can't leave

61、 society and groups, people in the long-term of the communication activities, gradually caused some DE facto habits, as time passes these habits become the human communication standard, when these communication habits to

62、 the form of text is recorded and people consciously abide by, they gradually become people communication association fixed etiquette, the e</p><p>　　2.2.2 The business etiquettes in nowadays</p><

63、p>　　Everybody is desire for success, success there must be a way, and the way is etiquette. Those in the workplace of maneuvering among the various groupings business successful people can work in outstanding, because

64、 they have a good elegant professional image and excellent interpersonal communication skills. Modern etiquette includes the following these points, </p><p>　　1. The appearance. 2. The introduction, call, re

65、gards. 3. The exchange of name card. 4. The reception room chaired etiquette. 5. The common car or elevator etiquette. 6. The telephone etiquette. 7. How to visit customers? 8. Receive an appointment and temporary visito

66、rs. 9. The meeting etiquette. 10. The package etiquette 11. The dining etiquette. 12. Receive attention.</p><p>　　2.2.3 The process of business etiquettes</p><p>　　China since ancient times is t

67、he state of ceremonies, for thousands of years created a splendid culture, to form the noble moral standards, complete etiquette, known as "ancient civilization, formal state". Etiquette is in order to adapt to

68、 the social need, from the clan system, and hierarchical relationship derived, thus produced with its characteristics of that times and limitations Ancient Chinese of "rites" and "instrument", is actu

69、ally two different concepts. "The ritual" is system, rules a</p><p>　　Today, modern etiquette and ancient etiquette has very big difference, we must abandon those for the exploiting class etiquette

70、 rules, this paper select for today there are still active and general significance of traditional civilization etiquette, such as respect for the JingXian, instrument is appropriate, polite, RongYi have whole, etc., are

71、 modified and criticism. The cultivation of good personal quality, and harmonious interpersonal relationship, shaping civilized social atmosphere, on soc</p><p>　　Etiquette changes a lot. From the perspectiv

72、e of historical development, the evolution process can be divided into several stages.</p><p>　　1.The origin of etiquette period: before the Xia dynasty (BC to the 21st century ago)</p><p>　　2.

73、The time of formation of the etiquette: Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasty (BC to the 21st century - before 771)</p><p>　　3. Etiquette stages: the spring and autumn period and the warring states period (771 ~ 221 y

74、ears before)</p><p>　　4. Strengthen the period: Qin and Han dynasties to Qing dynasty (221-1911 AD)</p><p>　　5. The development of modern etiquette</p><p>　　3 Difference and Changes

75、 of Business Etiquettes</p><p>　　In fact, although there is advanced and backward culture of points, but any kind of culture has its own unique value, the value is its special environment matching, a kind of

76、 cultural phenomenon of the emergence, existence and development and people's life of the specific historical conditions of associated. Successful intercultural communication requires that we must cultivate empathic

77、ability: namely in the transfer information before, first put him into the receiver's position; Accept informa</p><p>　　Etiquette refers to people in social activities because of the historical tradition

78、, custom, religious belief, the trend of The Times and other factors and formation, as well as people identity, and for people to comply with, is in order to build a harmonious relationship with for the purpose of all ki

79、nds of communication requirements of the code of conduct and normative summation. In short, the etiquette is people in social communication activities shall abide by the behavior standard and crite</p><p>　　

80、3.1 The difference of business etiquettes between China and foreign countries</p><p>　　Business etiquette is for a long time people in the business activities of the formation of a code of conduct. A differe

81、nt country as a result of different cultural background, values and the difference of nationalism, business etiquette are both its international, and has its nationality. The Confucian, Taoist thought as the core of Chin

82、ese and western Christianity as the core in the cultural existence on the great differences, it inevitably lead to Chinese and western business etiquette differ</p><p>　　3.1.1 The way of address</p>&

83、lt;p>　　A different way, call the business person meeting the first thing is to say "hello", if does not understand each other's call habit; it is possible to get off on the wrong foot. On the one hand, t

84、he Chinese people have a strong families concept, with the "fluctuation has, or have points, pecking order", and "would have honors people". I to oneself is, humble opinion, cold, etc., to others call

85、ed: you, you, XXX manager, such and such director, etc. In the west call rules simple clear, "you" is yo</p><p>　　3.1.2 The view of time</p><p>　　View of time different westerners purs

86、ues linear time view, think time is never found again. Therefore, to them, time is money, do anything should have strict schedule, and will be involved in compliance with the time as a judge its personal qualities and wo

87、rk ability the important basis. In most western countries, business meeting arrangements for at least two weeks in advance, if meet special important thing is at least two months ago to make an appointment to the last mi

88、nute contact is consid</p><p>　　3.1.3 The dietary habit</p><p>　　Dietary habit have distinguishing feature each fete is a kind of contact feelings, enhance friendship way, the east and the west

89、business people are interested in this way. China, however, the host and western host style was very different. First of all, the different eating habits. Based on agriculture on the basis of the Chinese food culture wit

90、h the grain contained vegetarian food is given priority to, clip vegetables, rice long chopsticks formed dinner system; Western countries developed ani</p><p>　　3.1.4 The way of gift giving</p><p&

91、gt;　　Gifts is interpersonal an important form of Chinese and foreign business people are exquisite gifts to enhance friendship. However, Chinese and westerners in gift selection and gift etiquette is each has his strong

92、point. In China, although the mouth say: "that counts", but usually think gift the more valuable the better, too simple or cheap gift not only do not rise to enhance the purpose of feelings, but likely to upset

93、 people. Westerners gifts more exquisite gift cultural style and artistic t</p><p>　　3.2 The changes of business etiquettes in Chinese and foreign cultural</p><p>　　Chinese and western etiquette

94、 are so obvious difference, which has very old roots. China is one of the four ancient civilizations; the Chinese nation is the only inheritance millennium civilization and national. China's etiquette, beginning the

95、dynasties, and put the song, passes through development and change constantly, gradually forms the system. Western society is a few big ancient civilizations, the successor to the once great distance with east’s China. A

96、fter middle age’s darkness, finally</p><p>　　It is these differences, it cause continuous exchanges between China and western countries, and constantly fusion, so as to promote the continuous development of

97、society. But there is no denying the fact that the current international popular etiquette is basically the western etiquette. The reasons of this phenomenon is not only is a western power strong, deep reason lies in the

98、 unification of western values, in western people to their own cultural identity and the height of the deep consciousn</p><p>　　A lack of social etiquette often is not mature society. An etiquette standard n

99、ot too unified contradictory society often is not a harmonious society. Etiquette is the basis of the civilization of the whole society, and is the social civilization is the most direct form of the most comprehensive. C