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1、畢飛宇所著的小說《玉米》獲得了第三屆魯迅文學(xué)獎(jiǎng),小說更是憑借其英譯本Three Sisters榮膺2010年度英仕曼亞洲文學(xué)獎(jiǎng),可以說原著和譯本在文學(xué)界都是巨大的成功。由于《玉米》描述的是文革時(shí)期和后期(1966-1976)的中國(guó)農(nóng)村家庭生活,其中蘊(yùn)含大量的關(guān)于當(dāng)時(shí)時(shí)代的詞匯和表達(dá),即文化負(fù)載詞。在翻譯文化負(fù)載詞時(shí),譯者要正確對(duì)源語(yǔ)文化負(fù)載詞所蘊(yùn)含的文化信息進(jìn)行解碼,激活相關(guān)的文化圖式,再將其進(jìn)行編碼成目的語(yǔ)讀者的相關(guān)文化圖式,即轉(zhuǎn)化成
2、目的語(yǔ)讀者所熟知的信息和文化圖式。
本文采用定性研究方法中的歸納法,對(duì)小說《玉米》中第一部分收集到的文化負(fù)載詞及其英譯進(jìn)行分析和歸納。首先,作者根據(jù)中西方文化圖式的關(guān)系,將文化圖式分為三類:文化圖式重合、文化圖式缺省和文化圖式不同,然后將《玉米》中的文化負(fù)載詞根據(jù)這三種不同的文化圖式關(guān)系分為文化圖式重合的文化負(fù)載詞、文化圖式缺省的文化負(fù)載詞和文化圖式不同的文化負(fù)載詞。繼而作者分析了這三類文化負(fù)載詞的文化圖式的解碼和編碼。最后,
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