book 3 板塊五 modules 3

1、Ⅰ.詞匯認(rèn)知1． vt.& n．(雷電、暴風(fēng)雨等)襲擊2． vt.毀壞3． adj.以前的4． vt.埋葬→ n．埋葬；葬禮5． adj.猛烈的；激烈的；強(qiáng)烈的→ n．暴力,Module 3　The Violence of Nature,stri

2、ke,ruin,previous,bury,burial,violent,violence,6． n．(火山的)爆發(fā)，噴發(fā)→ vt.(火山的)爆發(fā)；噴發(fā)7． n．可能；可能性→ adj.可能的8． adv.幸運(yùn)地；幸虧→

3、 adj.幸運(yùn)的→ n．幸運(yùn)；運(yùn)氣→ adj.不幸的；運(yùn)氣不佳的9． vt.經(jīng)歷n.經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗(yàn)→ adj.有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的10． adj.嚇人的；可怕的→ v．使驚嚇，使嚇倒11．

4、 到……時(shí)候12． 以……結(jié)束/結(jié)果為……13． 使……著火；放火燒……14． 撲滅；熄滅；伸出,eruption,erupt,possibility,possible,luckily/fortunately,lucky/fortunate,luck/fortune,unlucky/unfortunate

5、,experienced,experience,terrifying,terrify,by the time,end up,set fire to sth.,put out,15． 發(fā)生16． 總計(jì)，合計(jì)17． 失去生命Ⅱ.語(yǔ)境助記A massive and mudslide Z

6、houqu County in August,2010，which a lot of .Many people were alive and lots of people lost their lives.People all over the world offered their helping hands immediately after it

7、 .There is a that experts will be able to forecast some natural disasters accurately in the future.,take place,in all,lose one's life,violent,struck,cause

8、d,damage,buried,occurred,possibility,experienced,,terrifying,1．experience n. [C]經(jīng)歷；[U]經(jīng)驗(yàn)　vt.經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn)；感受,①Our country has experienced great changes in the past 60 years.我國(guó)在過(guò)去60年經(jīng)歷了巨大變化。②He had many interesting experiences

9、while travelling in Africa.他在非洲旅行時(shí)，有許多有趣的經(jīng)歷。③Emily is a 10­year­old girl who has experienced some difficulties being accepted by her schoolmates at school。艾米麗是個(gè)十歲的女孩兒，在被學(xué)校的同學(xué)接受的過(guò)程中，也體驗(yàn)了一些困難。,2．cause vt.引起；導(dǎo)致n.

10、原因，起因；理由；事業(yè)；目標(biāo),①The police have been looking into the cause of the man's death.警方一直在調(diào)查該男子的死因。②Red can cause a person's blood pressure to rise and increase people's appetites(食欲)．紅色能使人血壓升高，增加人的食欲。③Animal wel

11、fare campaigners raised ￡70,000 for their cause last year.動(dòng)物保護(hù)主義者去年為保護(hù)動(dòng)物募集了7萬(wàn)英鎊。,3.occur vi.發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)；(想法、念頭等)想起，浮現(xiàn),①Apart from that，there were all sorts of disasters that used to occur on the way to and from work.除了那件事之外，在

12、上下班路上發(fā)生了有各種各樣的災(zāi)禍。②It didn't occur to him that she would refuse his invitation.他沒(méi)有想到她會(huì)拒絕他的邀請(qǐng)。③It never occurred_to me to meet my first teacher in the small town.我從來(lái)沒(méi)想到會(huì)在這座小鎮(zhèn)上見(jiàn)到我的啟蒙老師。,4.bury vt.埋葬；埋藏；用……覆蓋①The ceme

13、tery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlan's coffin ended up in the sea.掩埋科格倫的公墓被颶風(fēng)所摧毀，他的棺材最后被卷入了大海。,②She buried her face in her hands and cried.她雙手捂著臉哭了起來(lái)。③After the divorce，she burie

14、d herself in her work.離婚后，她全心撲在工作上。④He turned away，burying his face in the pillow.他轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身，把臉埋在枕頭底下。,5．strike vt.(雷電、暴風(fēng)雨等)襲擊；擊打，打動(dòng)；(打擊時(shí)鐘)敲響(報(bào)時(shí))；使突然想起(想法，主意)n.罷工；打擊,①The girl struck a match to light a cigarette.那女孩劃火柴點(diǎn)燃一根

15、煙。②By the late 1890s，he had moved to Galveston，where he died in 1899，a year before the hurricane struck.到19世紀(jì)90年代末他已搬到了Galveston，并于1899年，就是颶風(fēng)襲擊的前一年在這里去世。③Floods struck Thailand this year，affecting the normal life of t

16、he people.今年洪水襲擊了泰國(guó)，影響了人們的正常生活。,6．damage n．損失；損害，破壞 vt.使……受損①Fires caused by the California Earthquake did the most damage.加利福尼亞地震引起的火災(zāi)造成了最嚴(yán)重的損失。②My mother is right：don't damage your health for a slim and a

17、ttractive figure.我媽媽說(shuō)得對(duì)：不要為了苗條動(dòng)人的身材毀了自己的健康。③Food chains have been seriously damaged because of weather.食物鏈因天氣原因而受到嚴(yán)重的損害。,7.end up以……結(jié)束，以……而告終,①I(mǎi)f you don't know what you want，you might end up getting something you d

18、on't want.如果你不知道你想要什么，結(jié)果你可能會(huì)得到自己不想要的東西。②Every time they went dancing，they ended up in a bad mood.每次他們?nèi)ヌ?，結(jié)果心情總是很糟糕。③If he carries on driving like that，he'll end_up dead.他如果繼續(xù)照那樣開(kāi)車(chē)的話，早晚得死于非命。,8．on average平均起來(lái)

19、,①400 people a year die of this disease on average.平均每年有400人死于這種疾病。②Susie's school work is well above average.蘇西的學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于平均水平。③And this may explain why women on_average live longer than men.并且這可能是女子的平均壽命比男子大的原因。,

20、9．take off去掉，減去；脫下；(飛機(jī))起飛；突然開(kāi)始成功；休假,①As the plane was taking off，he remembered he hadn't turned the light off.飛機(jī)起飛時(shí)，他才想起他沒(méi)有關(guān)上燈。②I'm taking Thursday off to do some Christmas shopping.我星期四要休假，去買(mǎi)一些圣誕禮物。③The new m

21、agazine has really taken off.這份新雜志真是大受歡迎。④In Korea，you should take_off your shoes when entering a house.在韓國(guó)，進(jìn)入房間時(shí)，你應(yīng)該摘下你的帽子。,1．(2013年濰坊模擬)—I'm sorry I stepped outside for a smoke.I was very tired.—There is no ____

22、____ for this while you are on duty.A．reason　　　　　　　 　B．excuseC．cause D．explanation解析：根據(jù)句意可知回答者對(duì)解釋原因的人很不滿意，因此要用“借口(excuse)”表達(dá)不相信或陳述內(nèi)容不客觀。答案：B,2．Why are you so anxious？It isn't y

23、our problem ________.A．on purpose B．in allC．on time D．a(chǎn)fter all解析：句意：你為什么如此擔(dān)心？畢竟，那不是你的問(wèn)題。after all“畢竟”；on purpose“故意地”；in all“總共，共計(jì)”；on time“準(zhǔn)時(shí)”。答案：D,

24、3．The flood this summer caused serious ________ to the crops in Northeast China.A．damage B．harmC．hurt D．injury解析：B、C、D三項(xiàng)主要指肉體或心靈方面的傷害，所以該題應(yīng)

25、選damage表示“損失”。答案：A,4．(2012年高考四川卷)It's surprising that your brother ________ Russian so quickly－h(huán)e hasn't lived there very long.A．picked up B．looked upC．put up

26、 D．made up解析：句意：你的弟弟學(xué)習(xí)俄語(yǔ)學(xué)得如此快，真是令人驚訝——他還沒(méi)在那兒住多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。pick up學(xué)會(huì)；look up查閱；put up建造，張貼；make up彌補(bǔ)，化妝，編造。根據(jù)句意可知答案為A。答案：A,5．(2012年高考安徽卷)The athlete's years of hard training ________ when she f

27、inally won the Olympic gold medal.A．went on B．got throughC．paid off D．ended up解析：句意：當(dāng)這名運(yùn)動(dòng)員最后奪得奧運(yùn)金牌的時(shí)候，她多年的刻苦訓(xùn)練得到了回報(bào)?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞組辨析。pay off：(尤指冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的政策、做法等)帶來(lái)好結(jié)果，成功，

28、行得通；得到回報(bào)；A：繼續(xù)；B：通過(guò)，度過(guò)，接通電話；D：結(jié)束。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知C項(xiàng)正確。答案：C,6．－Miss Brown is very busy，isn't she?－So she is.She has ________ greater responsibilities since she was promoted.A．taken off B．ta

29、ken afterC．taken in D．taken on解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。take off起飛，脫；take after與……相像；take in參加，領(lǐng)會(huì)，理解；take on承擔(dān)。答案：D,7．In the after­class activities，the students had plenty of ________ and

30、gained a lot of practical ________.A．exercises；experiences B．practices；experienceC．practice；experience D．exercise；experiences解析：第一個(gè)空表示“學(xué)生們?cè)谡n外活動(dòng)中得到充分的鍛煉”，可用exercise或practice，但不能為復(fù)數(shù)形式；第二個(gè)空表示“獲得許多

31、實(shí)際的經(jīng)驗(yàn)”，experience表示“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞。答案：C,8．It ________ me that I should treat myself a dinner after such an exhausting examination.A．happened B．struckC．occurred

32、 D．took解析：句意：我突然想到，經(jīng)過(guò)了這樣一次令人疲憊不堪的考試后，我應(yīng)當(dāng)讓自己好好吃一頓。此句要用It struck me that...句式表示“突然想起……”，occurred后面要接介詞to。答案：B,9．According to the report，the income of the poorest families in this part of the country has increased b

33、y 9.6 percent in the first three quarters of this year，that is,0.4 percent above the ________ increase in rural areas.A．a(chǎn)verage B．a(chǎn)dequateC．traditional D．a(chǎn)p

34、proximate解析：考查形容詞辨析。句意：根據(jù)這份報(bào)告，今年前三個(gè)季度，該國(guó)的這個(gè)地區(qū)最貧窮家庭的收入增長(zhǎng)了9.6%，也就是說(shuō)，比農(nóng)村地區(qū)的平均增長(zhǎng)量要高0.4%。從語(yǔ)意的連貫判斷選A，表示“平均的”。B“足夠的”，C“傳統(tǒng)的”，D“大約的”，都不符合語(yǔ)意。答案：A,10．All the students in our class buried themselves ________ studies，________ the c

35、oming exam.A．in；preparing B．in；preparing forC．for；prepared D．for；prepared for解析：句意：我們班所有的學(xué)生都埋頭于學(xué)習(xí)，為即將到來(lái)的考試做準(zhǔn)備。bury oneself in埋頭于……；prepare作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，故用v.­ing形式，“為……作準(zhǔn)備”要

36、用prepare for。答案：B,11．Several rounds of air and ground attacks from the allied force left the whole city ________.A．in pieces B．in ruinsC．in part D．in p

37、lace解析：in ruins意為“成為廢墟”。in pieces意為“成為碎片”；in part意為“部分地”；in place意為“在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢谩?。答案：B,12．It is possible that one day we will ________ disability，so we shouldn't look down upon the disabled.A．end up with

38、 B．put up withC．come up with D．catch up with解析：句意：有可能某一天我們會(huì)成為殘疾人，因此我們不應(yīng)該歧視殘疾人。end up with 以……結(jié)束；put up with忍受，忍耐；come up with提出；catch up with趕上。答案：A,1．By the time it ended，more t

39、han 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured.等到龍卷風(fēng)停時(shí)，已有700多人死亡，2 700多人受傷。[知識(shí)提煉]　by the time可以引導(dǎo)一個(gè)從句。當(dāng)其從句時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，主句的時(shí)態(tài)常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。[句式仿寫(xiě)]　愛(ài)因斯坦14歲時(shí)已自學(xué)完了高等數(shù)學(xué)。By_the_time_he_was_14，Einstein_had_learned_advanced_m

40、athematics_all_by_himself.,2．When the lava reached the sea，there was the possibility of a huge tidal wave which could flood half the island.當(dāng)巖漿到達(dá)大海時(shí)，有可能引起巨大浪潮，它會(huì)淹沒(méi)半個(gè)島嶼。[知識(shí)提煉]　本句中出現(xiàn)了there is/was the possibility of結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“有

41、……的可能性”，另外，there is/was the/a possibility后面跟that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，表示possibility的內(nèi)容。[句式仿寫(xiě)]　很可能他們會(huì)在下一次選舉中取得勝利。There_is_a_strong_possibility_that_they_will_win_the_next_election.,3．Fires caused by the California Earthquake did the

42、 most damage.由加利福尼亞地震引起的火災(zāi)造成的損失最大。[知識(shí)提煉]　caused by the California Earthquake在句中做定語(yǔ)，修飾fires。[句式仿寫(xiě)]　你參加昨天舉行的會(huì)議了嗎？Did_you_attend_the_meeting_held_yesterday?4．Have you been told what to do if there was an earthquake?有人告

43、訴你地震了該怎么辦嗎？[知識(shí)提煉]　what to do屬于“疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)。[句式仿寫(xiě)]　怎么做還未定下來(lái)。How_to_do_it_is_not_decided.,1．They can destroy houses，but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.他們能破壞房子，而把家具完全留在原處。 本句

44、屬于“l(fā)eave sb./sth.＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“使……處于某種狀態(tài)”。inside為形容詞作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾the furniture，where it was為地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)作leave的賓補(bǔ)。,①Leave the door open and you will breathe fresh air.讓門(mén)開(kāi)著你就會(huì)呼吸到新鮮的空氣。②Don't leave the water running while you brush y

45、our teeth.刷牙的時(shí)候不要開(kāi)著水龍頭。③If a person is badly injured in an accident，you'd better leave him where he is.如果一個(gè)人在事故中傷得很重，你最好讓他呆在原地不要?jiǎng)铀?(1)leave＋賓語(yǔ)＋with/to sb.表示“把……留給/交給某人”，一般與介詞with或to搭配。如：Leave it with/to me and I&

46、#39;ll see what I can do.把它交給我，我看看能做什么。(2)leave＋賓語(yǔ)＋地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，leave作“留下”、“丟下”、“落下”講，常表示“將某物/某人落在/忘在某地”。leave sth./sb.at home把某物遺忘在家/把某人留在家；leave sth./sb.behind將……留下/遺落。如：Better take off your shoes and leave them outside.最好

47、把鞋脫掉，放在外面。(3)There is something/nothing left...這兒有東西/沒(méi)有東西剩下。leave的過(guò)去分詞形式left常用作后置定語(yǔ)，表示“剩下的”(remaining也可表示“剩余的”，它只能作前置定語(yǔ))。如：Is there any water left in the bottle?瓶子里還有水嗎？,2．On average，there are 800 tornadoes in the US

48、each year，causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.平均來(lái)說(shuō)，美國(guó)每年發(fā)生800次龍卷風(fēng)，造成大約80人死亡，1 500人受傷。句中causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)，表示結(jié)果。,①European football is played in more than 80 countries，making it th

49、e most popular sport in the world.80多個(gè)國(guó)家都踢歐式足球，這使它成為世界上最流行的運(yùn)動(dòng)。②The old man went back home late，only to find the door open.老人回家很晚，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)門(mén)開(kāi)著。,1．The Spanish football team won the South Africa World Cup on July 13th，______

50、__ it the 8th country to have won the World Cup.A．made　　　　　 　　B．makingC．to make D．to have made解析：考查現(xiàn)在分詞的用法。此處現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。句意：西班牙足球隊(duì)贏得了7月13日的南非世界杯，致使西班牙成為第八個(gè)贏得世界杯的國(guó)家。答案：B

51、,2．(2012年高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Tony lent me the money，________ that I'd do as much for him.A．hoping B．to hopeC．hoped D．having hoped解析：句意：托尼借錢(qián)給我，希望我為他多做些事。本題

52、考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。首先排除C項(xiàng)，如選C項(xiàng)，需在設(shè)空處前加and。根據(jù)上下文可知設(shè)空處作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，故答案為A項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)常作目的狀語(yǔ)，故被排除。D項(xiàng)having hoped表示該動(dòng)作先于lent這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生，不符合句意要求，故也被排除。答案：A,3．Mao Xinyu，the grandson of Mao Zedong，was promoted to the rank of major general，________ him the

53、 youngest person in the PLA to hold that presently.A．to make B．makingC．made D．makes解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。making在此處作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。答案：B,4．(2012年高考天津卷)He got up late

54、and hurried to his office，________ the breakfast untouched.A．left B．to leaveC．leaving D．having left解析：句意：他起晚了，然后匆忙趕到辦公室，早飯根本沒(méi)動(dòng)?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作

55、狀語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處用現(xiàn)在分詞leaving作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。A項(xiàng)改為and left才正確；B項(xiàng)表目的及將來(lái)含義；D項(xiàng)表示該動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生。答案：C,5．(2012年高考山東卷)George returned after the war，only ________ that his wife had left him.A．to be told B．tell