2007屆高三英語專題復(fù)習(xí)

1、2007 屆 高 三 英 語專 題 復(fù) 習(xí),閱讀理解,,主旨大意題---Main Ideas 主旨大意類題型主要測試學(xué)生對文章全面理解和概括的能力，提問的內(nèi)容可能是全文的大意，也可能是某段的段落大意。一般不易在文中直接找到答案。,Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(

2、讀寫能力). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心), according to Intermountain Therapy A

3、nimals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ). 　　The Salt Lake

4、 City Public Library is sold on the idea. “Literacy specialists admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower self-respect, and regard

5、reading as a headache,” said Lisa Myron, manager of the children’s department. 　　Last November the two groups started “ Dog Day Afternoon” in the children’s department of the main library. About 25 children attended ea

6、ch of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a “pawgraphed” book at the last class.The program was so successful that the library plans to rep

7、eat it in April, according to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager.,Example and success of the program,,,,,59. What is mainly discussed in the text?　　 A. Children’s reading difficulties. B. Advantages of raisi

8、ng dogs. C. Service in a public library. D. A special reading program.,_______________________________,_______________________________________________,高考題重現(xiàn),方法指導(dǎo),1、確定主題句； （如：“for example” “first” “se

9、cond”等之前的句子中或者 “all in all” “above all” 等之后的句子后。） 2、文章“著墨”最多的點(diǎn)即文章的主旨意。,Return,How to find the topic sentences?,Features of the topic sentences：1).相對于其他句子，它表達(dá)的意思比較概括； 2).主題句一般結(jié)構(gòu)簡單； 3).段落中其他句子必定是用來解釋、支撐或發(fā)展相 互題

10、句所表達(dá)的思想的。,Example 1 People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they haven't eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every m

11、eal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast--foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and a soft drink.

12、,（1）主題句在段首 一個主題句常常是一個段落的開頭，其后的句子則是論證性細(xì)節(jié)。,練中學(xué),The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by ol

13、der drivers and to discover where the key stress points are. 2016高考英語全國Ⅱ,Example 3 Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is

14、afraid of the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand . A camper also needs one after the light of the

15、 campfire has been out.,2)在短文中間主題句也可以安排在段中間, 此時前面只提出問題， 文中的主題由其后陳述的細(xì)節(jié)或合乎邏輯的引申在文中導(dǎo)出, 然后再作進(jìn)一步的解釋, 支持或發(fā)展.,練中學(xué),_______________________,________________________________________________________,如何考?,1.What is the topic of the

16、 text? 2.The text is mainly about ____.)3.What’s the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?4.What would be the best title for the text? (2014全國),I: English is clearly an international language

17、. It is spoken by pilots and airport control operators on all the airways of the world. Over 70 percent of the world's radio programs are in English.,本段主題句為首句, 其后的內(nèi)容均說明首句。,Please find out the key sentence of the foll

18、owing passages.,鞏固練習(xí),————————————————————————————————,————————,II. Just as I settle down to read or watch television, he demands that I play with him. If I get a telephone call, he screams in the background or knocks som

19、ething over. I always have to hang up to find out what's wrong with him. Baby-sitting with my little brother is no fun. He refuses to let me eat a snack in peace. Usually he wants half of whatever I have to eat. Then

20、, when he finally grows tired, it takes about an hour for him to fall asleep.,有時段落是先介紹背景和細(xì)節(jié)，接著用一句綜合或概括性的話概括前面所說的內(nèi)容或事例，然后再圍繞主題展開對有關(guān)問題的深入討論。,___________________________________________________________,猜測詞義題— Guess the mea

21、ning,在閱讀中常要求學(xué)生猜測某些單詞或短語的意思,詞義的猜測貫穿在文章的閱讀理解之中。歷年高考中均有此類題目。,方法指導(dǎo),高考題重現(xiàn),It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the mus

22、ic more accessible, and preserve its history and culture. 29．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A．Jazz becoming more accessible.B．The production of jazz growing faster.C．Jazz being less pop

23、ular with the young.D．The jazz audience becoming larger. 2017年全國卷1,,,1.上下文,The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650yuan a year.,,2.定義法,定義或釋義關(guān)系常由定語從句或由is， or， that is (to say), in other words， be ca

24、lled，be known as, be defined as等詞匯或破折號來表示,牧人,練中學(xué),,,With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence.),unc

25、onditional:nonjudgmental:,無條件的，絕對的,沒有判斷力的,3.根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法：合成、派生（前綴、后綴）、轉(zhuǎn)化等,練中學(xué),disinmisunnon,,否定前綴,recominioversuperprepostviceentele,,其它前綴,重復(fù),共同,平等,,小,過度,超出,---后,副的,使--可能,遠(yuǎn)程,---前,常用前綴 dis un ir il im

26、 en non,嫁妝,In old days, when girls from rich families were married to their husbands, they expected to bring with themselves a large quantity of dowry.,練中學(xué),4.生活常識,5.根據(jù)同義詞，反義詞關(guān)系,If you agree, write “Yes”; if you dissent,

27、 write “No”.,and ,or ,such as, like， for example, for instance常連接同義詞組 。,,小結(jié),disagree,練中學(xué),6.根據(jù)同位語,語言學(xué),Alexander Graham Bell was born in 1874 in Edinburgh, Scotland. His father was an expert in phonetics, the study of th

28、e sounds of language.,練中學(xué),She did not hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.,7.根據(jù)因果關(guān)系,,小結(jié),be lost in,常用關(guān)聯(lián)詞(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，so, so … that, such … thattherefore等)

29、表示前因后果。,練中學(xué),8.根據(jù)對比和轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,Although the early morning had been very cool, the noonday sun was tropical.,表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞常有如but, while, however, instead of , rather than , unlike, yet, otherwise, though on the contrary等。,小結(jié),hot,練中學(xué),

30、如何考?,1.The underlined phrase “ inheritable trait” in paragraph 2 means _____(2016天津）2.By describing lions as “opportunists” in the first paragraph, the author means to say that lions ______(2013安徽)3.The underlined word

31、 “this” refers to______(2016浙江) 4. The underlined word “l(fā)and” in the last paragraph probably means ____(14全國) .,事實細(xì)節(jié)題-- Details 即常見的 “wh” 問題。它們大多是根據(jù) 文章中的具體信息如事實、例證、原因、過程、論述等進(jìn)行提問的。有些問題可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些則要在理解的基礎(chǔ)上將有關(guān)內(nèi)

32、容系統(tǒng)化才能找到，比如計算、排序、是非判斷、圖形比較等。,在解答這類問題時要求抓住題干文字信息，采用針對性方法進(jìn)行閱讀。,高考題重現(xiàn) The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed

33、 the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down. 26. 26.What made the chick calm down? 2017年全國卷1A. A new nest.B. Some food.C. A recording.D. Its parents.,方法指導(dǎo),1).明確題意，順藤摸瓜。,2).按照要求，尋找答案來源。,3).

34、關(guān)鍵詞，明白其暗示作用3).找準(zhǔn)關(guān)。,4).多讀原文，正確使用排除法。,return,如何考?,1.Which of the following is true/false/mentioned ?2.What does the writer pay least attention to ?3.Choose the right order of the events given in the passage.4.All of the

35、 following statements may be true except___.5.Which of the following is not the result of……,Invited by Mr. Ye Huixian, host of the well received TV programme “Stars Tonight”，Miss Luo Lin, Miss Asia of 1991，appeared as

36、the guest hostess on the Shanghai TV screen last Sunday.　Born in Shanghai and taken to Hong Kong when she was only six years old， Luo Lin has never dreamed of being Miss Asia. Her childhood dream was to be an air hoste

37、ss. Before she took part in the competition, she had been an airhostess in Cat hay Airline for seven years. However，it still took her three months to learn the art of walking on the stage, dancing, singing, making-up and

38、 other proper manners, designed by the Asia TV Station.　 “It’s really a hard job for me. I won’t enter for such competition any more. Anyhow, I am quite lucky. I am also glad to have had more chance to work for the soci

39、al welfare since I won the title. This time, in Shanghai, I'd love to make a deep impression on my TV audience, " said Luo Lin with a sweet smile.Q： Which of the following is NOT true?　　A. Luo Lin is a native

40、 of Shanghai.　　B. Luo Lin moved to Hong Kong with her parents.　　C. Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991.　　D. Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia.,,練中學(xué),推測判斷題--Judgement,縱觀全文，在掌握各項信息的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行正確的邏輯推理，

41、推斷作者的意圖；人物的動機(jī)、目的、性格特征；事件的前因后果； 語言中的語氣等。,One day a man walked into a pet shop and said to the shop assistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches (蟑螂) and two spiders.” “What do you need these things

42、 for?” the shop assistant was very surprised. “Well，”replied the man，“I’m moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”Q： The pass

43、age suggests that when the writer moved into the house, it was ______.　　A. very clean B. just cleaned by the landlord　　C. tidy and comfortable D. dirty and full of insects,_________________________________

44、___________________,_______________________________________,____________________________________________________,__________________________________________________________,高考題重現(xiàn),方法指導(dǎo),A.利用已知信息，進(jìn)行邏輯推理 B.結(jié)合一般常識，分析提供信息 C.注

45、意表層意思，悟出深層含義 在做判斷推理題時，應(yīng)選擇“全面而不籠統(tǒng)、具體而不片面”的答案，而就事論事以及含有絕對單詞的結(jié)論一般都是錯誤的.,如何考?,1.From the text we know that Dagmar is most likely ____. (2014全國2)2.Which of the following might have happened afterwards? (2016全國3)3.T

46、his text is most probably taken from a ___ . (2015全國3)4. This text most probably appears in ___ .(2015全國Ⅱ）,Daylight saving time (DST) has been introduced this summer This year DST began on May 4. But next year, “

47、Summer Time” will begin on the first Sunday in April. Clocks and other timepieces were set ahead one hour at 2:00 AM on Sunday, May 4 so that 2:00 AM became 3:00 AM. They should turn back one hour at 2:00 AM on Sunda

48、y, September 14. The new time is expected to save one and a half billion kilowatt hours（千瓦小時 ）of electricity per year across the country. The new system could also help people form the good habit of getting up and go

49、ing to bed early, thus raising their work and study efficiency (效率). During the DST period, the actual departure (發(fā)車) time of trains remains unchanged, but their schedules have been set one hour late.Q: According t

50、o the passage, we know that ________ people should turn their clocks back one hour that year. A. in 132 days B. in 133 days C. in 134 days D. in 4 months,解析：應(yīng)根據(jù)基本的日歷常識來進(jìn)行推算。5月剩27天，6月30天，7月31天，8月31天，9月14天。

51、即：27 + 30 + 31 + 31 + 14 = 133（天）,鞏固練習(xí),————————————————————————————————————,————————————————————————————————————,—————————————————————————————————,1. 先讀問題，弄清考查要點(diǎn)，以便能帶著問題看文章，這樣會心中有數(shù)，有的放矢。,2. 快速瀏覽全文，掌握全貌，注意與問題有關(guān)的信息，如果時