外文翻譯---基于gps、gprs、gis和互聯(lián)網的車輛定位系統(tǒng)

1、<p>　　附錄1 英文文獻原文</p><p>　　Based on the GPS, GPRS, GIS and Internet vehicle positioning system</p><p><b>　　Abstract</b></p><p>　　This paper introduces an integrated

2、 geographic information system (GIS), combined with the application of global positioning system ( GPS ), general packet radio service (GPRS) and Internet vehicle positioning system. For a need to study and management of

3、 vehicle positioning of the enterprise, choose a suitable vehicle positioning system is very important. The main feature of the system is the use of open geographic information system platform to access to resources, usi

4、ng the Internet based use</p><p>　　Key words: the global positioning system(GPS), general packet radio service(GPRS), vehicle positioning, desktop map, Internet, information communication technology.</p&g

5、t;<p>　　1、Introduction：</p><p>　　This vehicle positioning system the integrated use of modern information technology and communication technology, applied to have more vehicles enterprises, enterprise

6、s can use this system for vehicle tracking and management.</p><p>　　This system consists of vehicle tracking device, the central server system and Internet. Through this system, users can use their computer

7、control desktop map, and then understand the geographic location of the vehicle and other relevant information.</p><p>　　This paper focuses on the design and development of vehicle positioning system in the.

8、 However, this system has a lot of other units, including the management of system resources (drivers, vehicles ), and efficient use of (vehicle allocation problem ) and report generation and audit activities such as par

9、t of.</p><p>　　The system is designed to serve a large fleet of vehicles or complex requirements of the use of enterprise. Workers may need frequent use of short trips, as well as some long-distance travel.

10、Some may visit a short period of time can be determined, and some travel may need to match the corresponding daily schedule. Employees may sometimes require extended trips or a parking lot, but the vehicle repair often m

11、eet temporary needs. These issues require a more effective vehicle positioning system to</p><p>　　This paper uses a variety of techniques to achieve this goal. The following example shows: we can take a vari

12、ety of science and technology are combined to solve a real problem.</p><p>　　2 GPS and GPRS definition</p><p><b>　　2.1 GPS</b></p><p>　　GPS English called Global Positio

13、n System, through a simple translation we will be:" the global positioning satellite system" this results. In the nineteen fifties years, Americans for 30 years, spent $about 30000000000, the construction of su

14、ch a brilliant and huge system, can be said to be a brilliant history of space flight.</p><p>　　Figure1 GPS navigation satellite</p><p>　　Built at the beginning of the global positioning system

15、GPS inspiration was born in meridian instrument satellite navigation system, and radial navigation system cannot display the fixed-point elevation, position accuracy and the positioning time unsatisfactory shortcomings l

16、ed to the birth of GPS.</p><p>　　This system consists of24 satellites, in 11 hours, 58divided into periodic uninterrupted around the earth, as we provide pictures, data. Although some 12000km altitude, can b

17、e insight into every corner of the earth. Therefore, at first, this set of equipment is only used in military and civil fields related to important national interests, given its great value to later really used as a civi

18、lian, and completely free. Now, GPS is the product of more emerge in an endless stream, GPS mobile phone, </p><p><b>　　2.2 GPRS</b></p><p>　　GPRS Gerneral Packer Radio Service Englis

19、h, Chinese translation for the communication packet radio service. At present the domestic GPRS carrier is China mobile communication, we often send MMS when I need it, say simply, it is a kind of infinite data transmiss

20、ion tool.</p><p>　　Specifically, GPRS in the existing GSM system developed out of a new packet data bearer service. GPRS and GSM system the most fundamental difference is, GSM is a circuit switching system,

21、and GPRS is a packet switch system. GPRS is especially suitable for intermittent, abrupt or frequent, small amounts of data transmission, but also suitable for occasional large volume data transmission. We can understand

22、 the GSM GPRS to a higher level.</p><p>　　Figure2 GPRS a simple case</p><p>　　GPRS charging methods and the traditional GSM also has very big different, it is only by data flow charging, namely

23、according to the user the amount of transmitted data to billing, for example, we downloaded information, not by the time online charging that is to say, as long as the transmission of the data, even if a straight" o

24、nline", also need not pay for. Then make a" call" for example, in the use of GSM+WAP mobile phone online, like the phone started charging; and the use of GPRE+WAP online</p><p>　　3、System over

25、view</p><p>　　3.1 The target</p><p>　　The system's main purpose is to solve a large enterprise in the problem of existence, as follows:</p><p>　　(1) The lack of a perfect system

26、, cannot master the vehicle real time condition.</p><p>　　(2) Employees in the work can not be timely appropriate transport, leading to the lack of productivity.</p><p>　　(3) Due to transport th

27、e inefficient use of or unauthorized use, cause the decline of productivity.</p><p>　　In order to solve the above problem, we use the system made the following attempt:</p><p>　　(1) More easy to

28、 operate the Internet interface.</p><p>　　(2) An accepted, already existing communications facilities use.</p><p>　　(3) A more accepted by the people reflect the geographic information to the op

29、eration of the device.</p><p>　　(4) Open information resource tool use, reducing the cost of system.</p><p>　　3.2 Information technology overview</p><p>　　At present, there are seve

30、ral different forms of the locating scheme. Some are by the server to the client for unified operation, some on each car were independent of the mode of operation. If we consider the cost factor, the client server system

31、 is a better solution. If we consider the problem of timeliness factor, independent of the mode of operating system advantage. There are other methods, such as strengthening the geographic information application, this a

32、pplies to client server environmen</p><p>　　At present, there are several different forms of the locating scheme. Some are by the server to the client for unified operation, some on each car were independent

33、 of the mode of operation. If we consider the cost factor, the client server system is a better solution. If we consider the problem of timeliness factor, independent of the mode of operating system advantage. There are

34、other methods, such as strengthening the geographic information application, this applies to client server environmen</p><p>　　3.3 System architecture</p><p>　　The vehicle positioning system con

35、sidering the constraints and restrictions, based on the Internet provides a solution. The system described here architecture is mentioned above client server system architecture, the client here refers to the web browser

36、. In this architecture, the Web server, communication server, database server and desktop map together, play a role in. In order to make the lowest cost, the system selects the open platform resources to serve the deskto

37、p map.</p><p>　　This system uses general packet radio service ( GPRS ) to achieve the tracking unit and client server connection. General packet radio service ( GPRS ) is a 2.5G mobile communication technolo

38、gy, it is omnipresent. GPRS can also be applied to a center point with its surrounding mobile data transmission between devices. Using GPRS cost depends on every thousand bytes of data passed by, as the SMS information c

39、ost calculation method.</p><p>　　Through the GPS collection of real-time location information, stored in the user has a central database. The system for each user can get information through the internet. Fi

40、gure 1shows the architecture of the system.</p><p>　　Fig3 system architecture</p><p>　　4 System design</p><p>　　This section describes the system hardware and software design, and t

41、he function of each component.</p><p>　　4.1 Hardware design</p><p>　　The positioning system through the GPS collection positioning information, then the information system compression for a spec

42、ific packet format, through the GPRS and send it to the server. If the GPRS cannot real-time application, has the time labeled packet is stored in a temporary storage unit, such as GPRS when available, are stored data pa

43、ckets will instantly upload. Therefore, even if a transmission failure, vehicle real-time location information is not lost.</p><p>　　The positioning system by micro controller, GSM module, GPS receiver, the

44、data storage unit and a power supply. The positioning device diagram as shown in figure 2.</p><p>　　Fig4 Diagram of positioning device</p><p>　　The microcontroller is the main component of the p

45、ositioning device. It is directly through the I/O interface with other components connected.</p><p>　　Positioning device of vehicle GPS receiver the longitude, latitude and speed information is sent to the m

46、icrocontroller. Then GSM module through a previously established GPRS server transmits the data to the microcontroller. First of all, the device requires the establishment of a connected with the server and general packe

47、t radio service (GPRS), then the need to build a TCP / IP protocol, the IP packet can be smoothly transfer.</p><p>　　Positioning device adopts the design of the vehicle battery, and the battery design in the

48、 inside of the vehicle, is used as an emergency and design.</p><p>　　In GPRS is not available, the GPS data will be stored in the temporary storage unit, once the GPRS recovery effect, these stored GPS data

49、will immediately be sent to the server.</p><p>　　According to some basic fault, the positioning device is equipped with several LED indicating lamp. The indicator shows the availability of GPS, GPRS availabi

50、lity as well as power availability.</p><p>　　Figure 3 shows the inner structure of positioning device.</p><p>　　Fig5 the internal structure of positioning device</p><p>　　4.2 Softwa

51、re design</p><p>　　The system software system comprises a communication server, web server and GIS desktop map.</p><p>　　The positioning device communication server is the most important part of

52、 it with the other components to be connected. Through the communication server establishes the TCP / IP protocol, thereby and remote hardware system linking. Communication server can be connected through threads and a c

53、lient connects, customize an application level protocol can be used to transfer data. The server will create an TCP interface, the application program interface connected with, and then the server receives t</p>&

54、lt;p>　　When a client (remote positioning device ) to connect, the server will verify and confirm the client. Then the server will begin receiving the client information, and the storage server database.</p><

55、;p>　　The Web application will retrieve database server according to the requirements of users within the data, and data pretreatment. The Web application is the system of main management tools, the user through the ap

56、plication log on to the system, the program according to the user of the different modules of the request, to verify a user's identity.</p><p>　　5 Geographic spatial information application</p>&l

57、t;p>　　5.1 Related geographic information component</p><p>　　The system of geographic data module collects all the relevant spatial geographic information. Geographic data module by location, geography edg

58、e, route and route or distance of travel.</p><p>　　Locations include the city, township, including user parking lot, other landmarks.</p><p>　　The geographical edge refers to a particular locati

59、on in the surrounding region, the user can define the area around the center point and radius. The GPS system is defined by the region 's center position, and the geographical edge refers to the definition of the rad

60、ius of the region. In this paper a positioning system, if a vehicle is defined in the region, it can detect the location of.</p><p>　　Route may contain multiple sites. In a certain route to add a location, i

61、t will form a new route. By this method, the main line and the secondary line can be added to the route system to.</p><p>　　In order to facilitate a particular car faster starting from the destination, posit

62、ioning system operators can be designed for the specific line. When a vehicle needs in one stroke to stay, the system operator can combine the previous route and add new stroke, so that the vehicle can be normal operatio

63、n.</p><p>　　Like a car needs from Colombo to hurry that, on the way to Lavigna to take a person. This trip is the first from the Colombo Galle trunk in Colombo - Carter Bea section sets out, via Carter Biya

64、- philia trunk, then via Colombo Galle trunk of philia, Healy the trunk, finally reach the fountain. If a car along this route, once the tour any deviation, positioning system will immediately found and put this case in

65、short form of information feedback to the management. The enterprise can through the </p><p>　　Figure6 line interface</p><p>　　Managers can through geographic information module to create their

66、own location, geography edge, route and travel data. In order to better operation and easy to observe, can use the map to determine the location, travel, route and other related data, this can be done by a by the electro

67、nic map consisting of a graphical user interface to achieve. For example, can design the electronic map cordinates, at the click of the mouse to a particular position, set a specific city will be revealed. On the </p&

68、gt;<p>　　5.2 Geographic information system tools-- Open Source Software</p><p>　　In order to make the positioning system part of the electronic map is more perfect, the system uses a called desktop ma

69、p of open source software. The geographic information system tools is a widely accepted with the standard format of the electronic map, it can be used to display on the electronic map geographic information.</p>&

70、lt;p>　　Desktop map on the Internet showing excellent data, such as maps, image and vector data. In addition to browse the geographic information system data, the user can also through the map browser released on the I

71、nternet on the geographic location of the picture.</p><p>　　Electronic map is saved in a SHP format, but the information in the database is saved in DBF format in the file. Database of the electronic map are

72、 at different levels in order to save the. Whenever there is a customer need to browse the data, the client application can be based on customer requirements to load the data at different levels.</p><p>　　On

73、 the positioning system of electronic positioning module, desktop map will get geographic information system data, then the data to generate electronic map. Then the server will generate JPEG format images and transmit i

74、t to the Web server, users can browse the. All of the electronic map is generated in a desktop map.</p><p>　　In the transmission of location information at the same time, the positioning device also the spee

75、d, time and power level data is transmitted to the server, the information is also stored in the database. Positioning module according to each car. The license plate number to all vehicle positioning. Each vehicle is po

76、sitioned vehicle in the electronic map is displayed to a point. For every 8 seconds to refresh the browser interface, thus they can know the vehicle real-time status.</p><p>　　The map also has a general elec

77、tronic map has the functions, such as in the map a particular magnification, and reduce translation used in the module can be realized. These functions can browser through the output, then the image displayed.</p>

78、<p>　　Figure 5shows a car positioning system within the display of information status.</p><p>　　Fig7 vehicle positioning information display</p><p>　　6 Conclusion and Prospect</p>&

79、lt;p>　　This paper introduces an integrated geographic information system (GIS), combined with the application of global positioning system (GPS), general packet radio service (GPRS) and Internet vehicle positioning sy

80、stem. This system is the use of information and communication technology combined with each other and form. The sharp rise in fuel prices, this system was successfully used on a company's resources for effective mana

81、gement of great help.</p><p>　　In the selection of support the positioning system of science and technology and the software and hardware structure, some have the same purpose platform do research. In consid

82、ering the implementation and operation cost basis, the system selects application of science and technology and the software and hardware structure.</p><p>　　The positioning system in trial operation of movi

83、ng vehicles, real-time positioning, the positioning error does not exceed 50meters, in the electronic map the system clearly distinguishes between the road each a moving car. When GPRS connection is broken, the electroni

84、c map information can be updated. However, once the GPRS to establish a connection, the data stored in the temporary memory quickly upload to the database. The precision of the system depends largely on the collected GPS

85、 data, and </p><p>　　In enterprise of vehicle location system, the client application should be based on a personal computer 's Web browser. Although</p><p>　　Through the mobile client opera

86、ting this application, but the positioning system is not suitable for mobile client mode. In the future, people may study the new positioning module, these modules positioned may be suitable for mobile users. If this ide

87、a can be implemented, people will need to focus on what can be in an appropriate way in the mobile equipment storage and mapping.</p><p><b>　　7 Thanks </b></p><p>　　Thanks to Dialog

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99、　基于GPS、GPRS、GIS和互聯(lián)網的車輛定位系統(tǒng)</p><p><b>　　摘 要</b></p><p>　　本文介紹了綜合地理信息系統(tǒng)（GIS）,聯(lián)合應用全球定位系統(tǒng)（GPS）,通用分組無線業(yè)務（GPRS）和互聯(lián)網的車輛定位系統(tǒng)。對于一個需要研究與管理車輛定位的企業(yè)來說，選取一個合適的車輛定位系統(tǒng)是非常重要的。該系統(tǒng)的主要特點是采用開放式的地理信息系統(tǒng)平臺來

100、獲取資源，使用基于互聯(lián)網的用戶界面，實現(xiàn)車輛定位信息的實時更新。該系統(tǒng)由基于GPS定位車輛的設備、通訊服務器、網絡服務器、數(shù)據(jù)庫服務器以及桌面地圖組成。定位設備安裝在車輛內部，通過GPS定位來收集實時信息，這些信息不斷通過GPRS傳輸?shù)街醒霐?shù)據(jù)庫。用戶可以通過互聯(lián)網實時查看當前每輛車的位置，進而對所有車輛進行管理。車輛位置及其他相關信息會顯示在由桌面地圖所生成的一張電子地圖上。本系統(tǒng)是利用信息和通信技術的相互結合而形成的。在燃料價格急劇