用超聲膨脹法產(chǎn)生大塊范德瓦爾斯凝聚物研究（英）.pdf

1、復(fù)旦大學(xué)博士后學(xué)位論文用超聲膨脹法產(chǎn)生大塊范德瓦爾斯凝聚物研究（英）姓名：楊升宏申請學(xué)位級別：博士后專業(yè)：物理系指導(dǎo)教師：周盧偉20030901Abstract；AbstractThefieldofclusterswhichconcernstheedificesofafeWthousandsofatoms，appearsspeciallyfascinating，sincethesesystemsareintermediatebetwee

2、nsmallmoleculesandbulksolidsOnafundamentalpointofviewtheyoffertheopportunitytounderstandmorepreciselyhowtheatomicstructurecanleadtophysicalandchemicalpropertiesofmacroscopicphaseMoreover，itispossibletoproduceintheformofc

3、lusterssomeatomicarrangementswhichdonotexistinnatureandconsequentlywhichmayexhibitspecificproperties，notonlyinfluencedbythelargenumberofsurfaceatomsThechallengesforproducingclustersofanykindofmaterialinawiderangeofsizesh

4、avebeenachievedSothepropertiesoftheclustersarekeyproblemsforstudyinginclusterscienceInthispaper，ageneralintroductionofclusterscienceisgivenTheexperimentalapparatusdesignedforfundamentalstudiesofcollisionsatthermalenergie

5、sbetweenclustersandsurfaceispresentedAmethodforthedeterminationofaverageclustersizeinsupersonicbeamisintroducedThesizedistributionsthroughlargevanderWaalsclusterbeamCROSSsectionarestudiedwiththepick—uptechniqueMixed(Ar)。

6、(N2kclustershavebeencreatedbypick—uptechniqueAcomparisonoftheadsorptionefficienciesforArmoleculesonlarge(N2)mclustersandN2moleculesonlarge(At)nclustershasbeeninvestigatedFinally，thepotentialapplicationsoftheclusterassemb

7、ledcarbonnanotubesarediscussedConcretely，themaincontentsofthispaperaregivenasfollows：First，ageneralintroductionintotheclusterfieldiSgivenSecond，anapparatusdesignedforfundamentalstudiesofcollisionsatthermalenergiesbetween

8、clustersandsurfacearepresentedExperimentalmethodsofclustersciencearealsogivenMostofthischapterwilldealwiththeclusterformationthroughsupersonicexpansionThirdamethodforthedeterminationofaverageclustersizeinsupersonicbeamis