外刊經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)選讀重點(diǎn)詞匯與課后答案

1、 Lesson 1 China’s Foreign Trade(中國(guó)的對(duì)外貿(mào)易) 重點(diǎn)詞組：1、link 連接（這里為往來2、pattern 模式、結(jié)構(gòu)* 3、substantially 相當(dāng)大的、重大的* 4、in return for 作為…地交換 5、manufactured goods 工業(yè)產(chǎn)品 6、capital equipment 資本設(shè)備 7、industrialization programme

2、 工業(yè)項(xiàng)目 8、heavy industry 重工業(yè) 9、produced gains in 從… 中獲利* 10、economic imbalances 經(jīng)濟(jì)失衡 11、national income 國(guó)民收入 12、contract 收縮、下降 13、aid 援助 14、shift away form …towards 從…轉(zhuǎn)移到…* 15、consistent theme 一貫的主題 16、strong empha

3、sis placed on 強(qiáng)調(diào)、重視 17、trade relating 貿(mào)易往來 18、fell sharply 急劇下降（下滑） 19、grown rapidly 迅速增長(zhǎng)* 20、sign in 簽訂 21、in the wake of 在…之后 22、normalization of diplomatic relations 外交關(guān)系正?；?23、come into force 生效* 24、m

4、ost-favored nation treatment 最惠國(guó)待遇 25、accounted for 占……* 26、category 種類* 27、item 項(xiàng)目 28、US dollar value of 以美元計(jì)算的 29、increased at an average rate of 平均以……比率增長(zhǎng) * 30、per annum 每年 31、visible trade surplus 有形貿(mào)易余額 32、r

5、ise sharply 迅速上升、猛增* 33、play a major role 起重要作用* 34、undue strain 沉重負(fù)擔(dān) 35、a net grain exporter 糧食凈出口國(guó)* 36、pattern 模式* 37、reverse 逆轉(zhuǎn)，相反 38、jump 暴漲* 39、visible trade account 有形貿(mào)易收支 40、in deficit 赤字、逆差* 41、buoyant 趨

6、于上升* 42、attribute to 歸因于…… 43、re-reported 再出口* 1、 What’s the meaning of “the pattern of China’s foreign trade”? “The pattern of China’s foreign trade” refers chiefly(主要的) to the commodity structure of China’s foreign

7、trade and her trade partnership with the world. 2、 What kind of clause is introduced by “when” in the sentence of the third paragraph, section 1? An adverbial (狀語) clause or an attributive (定語) one? An attributive clau

8、se 3、 “Official recognition that foreign technology could play a major role in modernizing the Chinese economy had caused imports to rise by more than 50 per cent in 1978 placing undue strain （過度負(fù)擔(dān)）on the national econom

9、y.”(中國(guó)政府認(rèn)識(shí)到，國(guó)外技術(shù)對(duì)本國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)代化作用重大，這使 1978 年中國(guó)的進(jìn)口額增長(zhǎng)了50%以上，結(jié)果國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)背上了沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)。) Why did the more than 50% rise in imports of 1978 place undue strain on China’s national economy? More foreign exchanges(外匯) is required for more impo

10、rts. All sections of China’s national economy would have to work harder and better to export and earn more for the imports increased. 4、 What’s “a net grain exporter(糧食凈出口國(guó))”? Does it mean one who has never done any imp

11、orts? “A net grain exporter” should be one who has done both imports and exports of the item, but finally exported more than imported within a period of time. 5、 “The strong increase in imports last year is attributed to

12、 buoyant economic activity as well as to the success of the Government’s trade and foreign investment policies.”(去年進(jìn)口額的大大增加不僅是由于政府貿(mào)易政策與對(duì)外投資政策的成功，而且是由于趨于上升的經(jīng)濟(jì)。) What did China’s foreign investment policies have to do with

13、（與…有關(guān)） her strong increase in imports? Foreign capital（外資） has flowed into (流入)China mostly in the form of foreign industrial investors to set up production facilities（生產(chǎn)設(shè)備） locally（在地方上，本地） together with their Chinese p

14、artners or alone. For production efficiency（效率） and other reasons, as a rule they bring in technology and equipment from abroad to equip（裝備） themselves. Thus （因此）it would result in a rise in imports. 6、 “Chinese officia

15、ls stress the importance of introducing advanced technology to domestic industry, but the need is for technology of varying degrees of sophistication, not necessarily for advanced technology as the term is understood in

16、the West.”(中國(guó)官員強(qiáng)調(diào)向國(guó)內(nèi)工業(yè)部門引進(jìn)國(guó)外先進(jìn)技術(shù)的重要性，但他們需要是不同先進(jìn)程度的技術(shù)，而不是一定需要西方國(guó)家所理解的那種純粹的先進(jìn)技術(shù)。) What’s the implication （含義）of the underlined part of the paragraph quoted（引用） above? China is a developing country with her own economic con

17、dition. In introducing advanced technology into our country, we would first choose those most needed and applicable(可適用的) at the present stage（階段，時(shí)期）of our economic development. 7、“The authorities do not consider it appr

18、opriate to incur large mounts of external debt until a number of practical bottlenecks in the economy ,such as an inadequate transport network and energy constraints, have been tackled.(在經(jīng)濟(jì)中的許多實(shí)際障礙——如運(yùn)輸能力不足和能源缺乏——被克服之前，中

19、國(guó)政府不贊成招來大筆外債的做法。) Why did China refuse to borrow more until their transport capacity and energy supply have further increased? China’s financial borrowing is for industrialization and modernization. Without well-develope

20、d transport network and enough energy supply, however, industry and the entire(整個(gè)的，全部的) economy could not be further（促進(jìn)，更多的） expanded(擴(kuò)大的，展開的) successfully. Therefore（因此）, it’s no time for borrowing them then, which coul

21、d not be effectively（有效的） used and result only in heavy interest payment. 8、 “China’s access to（有權(quán)使用） substantial （大量的） sums of money from the World Bank also reduces the need to borrow on commercial terms.”（中國(guó)可以在世界銀行中借