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1、TheC3SdissolutionadeterminingkiicfactduringhydrationLucNicoleau1BASFConstructionMaterials&SystemsResearchTrostbergGermanyAbstractTricalciumsilicate(C3S)isacompoundwhichreactswithwatertogivehydrationproducts(CSHCH).Thetra
2、nsfmationi.e.thehydrationoccursbysimultaneousdissolutionprecipitationreactions.Thedifferentfactsinfluencingthehydrationarethereactivesurfaceareasi.e.thegrowthsurfaceofCSHthedissolutionsurfaceofC3Sthecompositionofthepesol
3、ution.WhenonlypureC3Sismixedwithwaterthesolutioncontainsonlycalciumhydroxidesilicateions.ThethreespeciesaretheconstituentsofC3SCSH.Theydeterminebothinterfacialreactionrates:theC3Sdissolutionratethroughtheundersaturationw
4、ithrespecttotheC3SsolubilitytheCSHprecipitationratethroughthesupersaturationwithrespecttotheCSHsolubility.Sofarallcementhydrationtheiesreptedintheliteratureconsideredtheincreaseoftheprecipitationsurfaceareaastheonlycause
5、oftheaccelerationofhydration.AlsothehydrationpeakasobtainedbyisothermalcalimetrytheinherentdeceleratingperiodhavebeenrationalizedbytheiesexclusivelybasedonCSHgrowthimpingement[Thomasetal.2011].Howeveraseriesofexperiments
6、demonstratesthatthesetheiescannothold.Converselythereisabodyofexperimentaltheeticalevidencesthatthedissolutionrateisthekiicdriverduringthefirsthoursofcementhydration.Experimentalobservationsalsoindicateanincreaseofthedis
7、solutionsurfacearearecentNMRexperiments[d’Espinoseetal2014]showthatthesurfaceareaofC3Sincontactwithwaterdecreasesalmostatthesametimeasthemaincalimetrichydrationpeak.Atopographicalmodelbasedonthefmationofetchpitstheetical
8、lysupptstheseexperimentalfindingslaidakiicgroundwkfexplingthekiicconsequencesonthehydrationrate.Thefirstoutcomesare(1)thepossibilitytoinferadmantlikeperiodwithonlyafewassumptions(2)thedevelopmentofthereactivedissolvingsu
9、rfaceareapassingthroughamaximum.iginalityThisstudypresentstheroleofthedissolutionsurfaceareaitsevolutionduringC3Shydration.InadditionanovelviewonthelimitationofC3Shydrationkiicsbasedonthedissolutionisproposed.Thisproposi
10、tionisuniqueintheliteraturesofar.Keywds:Hydrationkiicsgrowthmodeldissolutionmodelaccelerationpeakinductionperiod.1Crespondingauth:luc.nicoleau@Tel498621862734Fax49862186502734inthefollowing.Thefirstoneproposesthecoalesce
11、nceofCSHplateletsontoonerepresentativeC3SgrainthesecondonesuggeststhemergingoflowdenseCSHlayersgrowingfromdifferentC3Sgrains(seeschemesinfig.7).Yetsomeexperimentalobservationsstronglychallengebothmodels.Sincethehydration
12、kiicsisfairlyindependentofthedilutionofthesystem[Daot1994]itcallsintoquestiontheassumptionsofBishnoi’smodel.SecondlysystemsacceleratedbyCSHnuclei[Nicoleau2013b]showingC3Ssurfacescompletelydevoidofhydrationproductsattheea
13、rlyageofhydration[Nicoleau2015]alsorevealsimilarshapesofthecalimetrichydrationcurveswhichinturntendstoinvalidatetheGarrault’shypothesis.MotivatedbythesenotcompletelysatisfyingCSHgrowthbasedtheiestheC3Sdissolutionmeexactl
14、ytheevolutionoftheC3Sreactivesurfaceareahasbeenexperimentallystudiedmodelled.Somefeaturesofthisnewmodelareexpectedtoexplainthestillopenquestionsrelatedtohydrationkiicsmentionedabove.2.Results–EvolutionoftheC3Sdissolution
15、surfaceareaattheearlyageInthissectionabodyofexperimentscarriedoutatourlabsdrawnontheliteraturehasbeencompiledindertoshedalightonthedevelopmentoftheC3Ssurfaceareaduringitsdissolution.2.1.Calculationofthereactivesurfaceare
16、afromhydrationratespesolutioncompositions.Firstevidencecomesfromtheevolutionoftheundersaturationduringtheearlyhydration.AstheundersaturationtheC3Sinterfacialdissolutionratearemathematicallylinkedbyamonotonousfunctiontheu
17、ndersaturationevolutionrevealsanyvariationoftheinterfacialdissolutionrate.Anempiricallawhasbeenrecentlyproposedin[Nicoleau2013].AlthoughthislawdoesnottakeintoaccountsomesecondderparametersaffectingtheC3Ssurfacesolubility
18、(aspHotherionspecificeffects)itenablesanestimationoftheinterfacialdissolutionrateRiC3S(?G)asafunctionofthecompositionofthesolution.Meoverthementionedsecondderparametersdonotsignificantlyvaryduringthemainhydrationpeakthus
19、theevolutionoftheinterfacialdissolutionratecanbeconsideredasfairlyaccurate.InFig.2twoexperimentsfromtheliteraturearerepted.Theionconcentrationsallowedusthecalculationofln?C3S.Bothexperimentsexhibitthehydrationpeakshowing
20、amaximumacoupleofhoursafterthebeginningofthereaction.Untilthismaximumthehydrationacceleratesbuttheundersaturationremainsquasiconstant.ItturnsoutthatRiC3Sdoesnotnotablyincrease.AsEq.2indicatesifthehydrationaccelerationi.e
21、.thedissolutionaccelerationdoesnotcomefromahigherundersaturationthenithastocomefromanincreaseofthedissolutionsurfacearea.Fig.2highlightstherelativeevolutionofthedissolutionsurfacearea(SC3S(t)SC3S(t=0)withSC3S=RhydRiC3S).
22、Theevolutionofthehydrationrate(Fig.2)theevolutionofthedissolutionsurfacearea(Fig.3)goclearlyhinhi.e.theirrespectivemaximumoccursatthesametime.Figure2(A)Evolutionof(1)thedegreeofhydrationofalite(D.O.H.)byQXRDduringthehydr
23、ationat20Cofandinaryptlcementmixedatawatertocementratioof0.5(2)thecrespondinghydrationrate(3)theionactivityproductcalculatedfromtheconcentrationsreptedbyLothenbach&al.in[Lothenbach2006].(B)Evolutionofthesamevariablesduri
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