2017年高考英語生態(tài)環(huán)保類閱讀理解

1、第1頁(yè)共6頁(yè)話題七：生態(tài)環(huán)保類(一)Theneedtofeedagrowingpopulationisputtingmuchpressureonthewldssupplyofwater.With97%ofthewldswatertoosaltytobedrunkusedinagriculturethewldwidesupplyofwaterneedscarefulmanagementespeciallyinagriculture.Alt

2、houghtheideaofawatershtage(短缺)seemsstrangetosomeoneftunateenoughtoliveinahighrainfallcountrymanyofthewldsagriculturalindustriesexperienceconstantwatershtages.Althoughdamscanbebuilttostewaterfagriculturaluseindryareasdrys

3、easonsthecostsofwaterredistribution(重新分配)areveryhigh.Notonlyistherethecostoftheengineeringitselfbutthereisalsoanenvironmentalcosttobeconsidered.Wherevalleys(山谷)arefloodedtocreatedamshousesarelostwildlifehomesdestroyed.Be

4、sideswatermayfloweasilythroughpipestofieldsbutitcannotbetransptedfromonesideofthewldtotheother.Eachcountrymustthereferelyonthemanagementofitsownwatertosupplyitsfarmingrequirements.Thisisparticularlytroublingfcountrieswit

5、hagriculturalindustriesinareasdependentonirrigation(灌溉).InTexasfarmersoveruseofirrigationwaterhasresultedina25%reductionofthewaterstes.IntheCentralValleyareaofsouthwesternUSAahugewaterengineeringprojectprovidedwaterffarm

6、ingindryvalleysbutmuchofthewaterusehasbeenpolymanaged.SaudiArabiasattemptstogrowwheatindesertareashaveseenthepumpingofhugequantitiesofirrigationwaterfromundergroundreserves.Becausethereisnorainfallintheseareassuchreserve

7、scanonlydecreaseitisbelievedthatfiftyyearsofpumpingwillseethemrundry.1.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswelearnthat________.A.muchofthewldswaterisavailablefuseB.peopleinhighrainfallcountriesfeelluckyC.thecostsofwaterredistributi

8、onshouldbeconsideredD.watercanbeeasilycarriedthroughpipesacrossthewld2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEA.ThewaterstesinTexashavebeenreducedby75%.B.Mostindustriesinthewldsufferfromwatershtages.C.TheundergroundwaterinSaudiArabiam

9、ightrunoutin50years.D.GoodmanagementofwateruseresultedfromtheprojectintheCentralValley.3.WhatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollowsA.Stepstoimprovingwaterusemanagement.B.Waystoreducethecostsofbuildingdams.C.M

10、easurestodealwithwldwidewatershtages.D.Approachestohlingthepressureonwatersupply.4.Thetextismainlyabout________.A.watersupplyincreasingpopulationB.waterusemanagementagricultureC.waterredistributionwildlifeprotectionD.wat

11、ershtagesenvironmentalprotection答案與解析世界的可用淡水資源有限，但農(nóng)業(yè)在利用水資源過程中存在不盡如人意之處，本文指出了其中的一些問題。第3頁(yè)共6頁(yè)C.Theywantedtopleasethevisits.D.Thefrogsmadetoomuchnoise.3.WhatmightbethecauseofthechildrenssicknessA.Thecropsdidntdowell.B.Therew

12、eretoomanyinsects.C.Thevisitsbroughtindiseases.D.Thepesticideswereoverused.4.WhatcanweinferfromthelastsentenceofthetextA.Happinesscomesfrompeacefullifeinthecountry.B.Healthismeimptantthanmoney.C.Theharmonybetweenmannatur

13、eisimptant.D.Goodolddayswillneverbefgotten.答案與解析本篇文章為記敘文。主要講述印度一個(gè)小村莊的人們?cè)谕忄l(xiāng)人的誘導(dǎo)下為了追求金錢收益捕殺青蛙，結(jié)果破壞了生態(tài)平衡。意識(shí)到這個(gè)問題后，他們及時(shí)停止了捕殺，重新回到了寧?kù)o的鄉(xiāng)村生活。1C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段中有“Thepeoplewerepo.Howevertheywerenotunhappy.”和C項(xiàng)意思一致。2A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thisse

14、emedlikemoneyfnothing.”句中fnothing是“免費(fèi)的”意思，說明青蛙容易得到，并能賺到錢，村民才答應(yīng)賣。3B推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Theyhadbeendoinganimptantjob—eatinginsects.Nowwithsomanyfrogskilledtheinsectswereincreasingmerapidly.Theyweredamagingthecropsspreadingdisea

15、ses.”可以推斷出莊稼收成不好，孩子生病與青蛙減少、害蟲增多有關(guān)。4C推理判斷題。最后一句說明人們過度捕殺造成生態(tài)失衡，由此也影響了人類，因此，可以推斷人與自然的和諧是重要的。(三)Weproduce500billionofplasticbagsinayearwldwidetheyarethrownawaypollutingoceans，killingwildlifegettingdumpedinlfillswheretheytake

16、upto1000yearstodecompose.Researchershavebeenunsuccessfullylookingfasolution.The16yearoldCanadianhighschoolstudent，DanielBurdfromWaterlooCollegiateInstitutehasdiscoveredawaytomakeplasticbagsdegrade(分解)inasfewas3months，afi

17、ndingthatwonhimfirstprizeattheCanada－WideScienceFair，a$10000prize，a$20000scholarshipachancetorevolutionizeamajenvironmentalissue.Burdsstrategywassimple:Sinceplasticdoeseventuallydegradeitmustbeeatenbymicroganisms(微生物).If

18、thosemicroganismscouldbeidentifiedwecouldputthemtowkeatingtheplasticmuchfasterthanundernmalconditions.Withthisgoalinmindhegroundplasticbagsintoapowderconcocted(調(diào)制)asolutionofhouseholdchemicalsyeast(酵母)tapwatertoencourage

19、microbesgrowth.Thenheaddedtheplasticpowderletthemicrobeswktheirmagicf3months.Finally，hetestedtheresultingbacterialcultureonplasticbags，exposingoneplasticsampletodeadbacteriaasacontrol.Sureenoughtheplasticexposed(暴露)tothe