專業(yè)四級(jí)考前惡補(bǔ)--閱讀完型

1、專業(yè)四級(jí)考前惡補(bǔ)專業(yè)四級(jí)考前惡補(bǔ)閱讀完型閱讀完型完形填空(一)宏觀上處理好篇章與空格之間的關(guān)系完形填空的測(cè)試目的是測(cè)試學(xué)生運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的綜合能力。完形填空的考試重點(diǎn)是上下文的聯(lián)系和短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的搭配關(guān)系。由于考試時(shí)間緊，許多考生在回答這部分題的時(shí)候，往往不顧整個(gè)篇章的結(jié)構(gòu)、大意或文體，一開(kāi)始就把注意力放在空格選項(xiàng)上，孤立地研究單個(gè)選項(xiàng)，這就脫離了文章整體，答題的準(zhǔn)確率也會(huì)大受影響。因此，要做好這部分試題考生首先必須大體理解篇章的主要內(nèi)容、邏

2、輯關(guān)系，從而判斷出作者的意圖及歸納或演繹的思路；另外，考生在答題之前，還要對(duì)文章的文體有所了解，這有利于考生根據(jù)不同的文體對(duì)不同的或相近的選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。如文學(xué)材料、科普文章、新聞報(bào)道等由于文體上的不同，它們?cè)谟迷~和句子結(jié)構(gòu)上都有所不同。請(qǐng)看下面例子：Vitaminsareganiccompoundsnecessaryinsmallamountsinthedietfthenmalgrowthmaintenanceoflifeofa

3、nimalsincludingman.Theydonotprovideenergy___1___dotheyconstructbuildanypartofthebody.Theyareneededf___2___foodsintoenergybodymaintenance.Therearethirteenmeofthemif___3___ismissingadeficiencydiseasebecomes___4___.1.A.eit

4、herB.soC.nD.never2.A.shiftingB.transferringC.alteringD.transfming3.A.anyB.someC.anythingD.something4.A.seriousB.apparentC.severeD.fatal通讀全文后可知，這是一篇有關(guān)科普知識(shí)的短文，一般來(lái)說(shuō)科普知識(shí)文章以客觀陳述為突出特點(diǎn)，用詞比較正式，句子結(jié)構(gòu)比較嚴(yán)密，因此在選擇時(shí)要在宏觀上考慮到這些因素。比

5、如第四空，從科學(xué)常識(shí)可知，缺乏任何一種維生素都不至于使疾病嚴(yán)重(serious)、致命(fatal)，故應(yīng)排除選項(xiàng)A和D。severe（嚴(yán)厲的）不能用來(lái)修飾疾病。因此，選Bapparent既合乎句意，搭配又得當(dāng)。另外，完形填空的空格沒(méi)有任何一個(gè)是孤立地存在的，必須把它們放在文章的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中進(jìn)行逐個(gè)推敲，同時(shí)利用自己對(duì)各種材料描寫(xiě)、陳述內(nèi)容的了解，作出正確選擇。PARTⅠDecidewhichofthechoicesgivenbelow

6、wouldcrectlycompletethepassageifedinthecrespondingblanks.MarkthecrectchoicefeachblankonyourANSWERSHEET.TheUnitedStatesiswellknownfitswkofmajhighwaysdesignedtohelpadrivergetfromoneplacetoanotherintheshtestpossibletime.___

7、1___thesewidemodernroadsaregenerally___2___wellmaintainedwith___3___sharpcurvesstraightsectionsadirectrouteisnotalwaysthemost___4___one.Largehighwaysoftenpass___5___scenicareasinterestingsmalltowns.Furthermethesehighways

8、generally___6___largeurbancentersInthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyfifteenquestionsunfinishedstatementseachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedABCD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthecrectanswer.MarkyourchoiceonyourANSWERS

9、HEET.TEXTABefethe1860’stheimpactoftherailroadsintheUnitedStateswaslimitedinthesensethatthetracksendedatthisMissouriRiverapproximatelythecenterofthecountry.Atthepointthetrainsturnedtheirfreightmailpassengersovertosteambo

10、atswagonsstagecoaches.Thismeantthatwagonfreightingstagecoachingsteamboatingdidnotcometoanendwhenthefirsttrainappearedrathertheybecamesupplementsfeeders.Eachnew“endoftrack”becameacenterfanimaldrawnwaterbnetransptation.T

11、hemajeffectoftherailroadwastoshtenthedistancethathadtobecoveredbytheolderslowermecostlymeans.Wagonfreighterscontinuedoperatingthroughoutthe1870’s1880’sintothe1890’s.Althoughoverconstantlyshrinkingroutescoacheswagonsconti

12、nuedtocrisscrosstheWestwherevertherailshadnotyetbeenlaid.Thebeginningofamajchangewasfeshadowedinthelater1860’swhentheUnionPacificRailroadatlastbegantobuildwestwardfromtheCentralPlainscityofOmahatomeettheCentralPacificRai

13、lroadadvancingeastwardfromCalifniathroughthefablebarrieroftheSierraNevada.AlthoughPresidentAbrahamLincolnsignedtheiginalPacificRailroadbillin1862arevisedfinanciallymuchmegenerousversionin1864littleconstructionwascomplete

14、duntil1865ontheCentralPacific1866ontheUnionPacific.TheprimaryreasonwasskepticismthataRailroadbuiltthroughsochallengingthinlysettledastretchofdesertmountainsemiaridplaincouldpayaprofit.Inthewdsofaneconomistthiswasacaseof“

15、prematureenterprise”wherenotonlythecostofconstructionbutalsotheveryhighriskdeterredprivateinvestment.IndiscussingthePacificRailroadbillthechairofthecongressionalcommitteebluntlystatedthatwithoutgovernmentsubsidynoonewoul

16、dundertakesounpromisingaventureyetitwasanationalnecessitytolinkEastWesttogether.16.Theauthreferstotheimpactofrailroadsbefethelate1860’sas“l(fā)imited”because____.A.thetrackdidnottakethedirectroutefromonecitytothenextB