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1、原文：原文：CashManagementinJapanOVERVIEW:InAugust2005thegovernmenttheBankofJapandeclaredthattheJapaneseeconomyhadreboundedfromover10yearsofstagnation.Japanesetraditionalbanksstillcontinuetodominatethecpatebankingareawhiletheg

2、rowingnumbersofonlinebankshaverapidlycometothefefrontinconsumerbankingbusiness.ThegovernmentisshowinganinclinationtowardspromotingfeigndirectinvestmentintoJapanhavingshifteditsfocustowardfeigninwardinvestment.Withgrowing

3、investmentintoJapanmajfeignbankshavebeenofferingtheircashmanagementservicesmostlytointernationalnonJapanesecpatecustomersonthestrengthoftheirhighercreditratingsgloballyconsistentexpertiserobustsecuritytechnologieswhilest

4、illsupptingedJapanesemultinationalsintheiroffshecashmanagementrequirements.CashmanagementinAsiaPacificvariesbycountrynotregion.ThisisparticularlytrueofJapanwherelocalknowledgeexperienceisofprimeimptance.Marketpracticesth

5、elanguagethecultureareuniquethisisaconsiderationwhencontemplatingtheimplementationofcashmanagementsolutionsinJapanwhereaspiritofpracticalityoftentrumpstheeticalinternationallyacceptedsolutions.Macroeconomicallythewldssec

6、ondlargesteconomyintermsofgrossdomesticproduct(GDP)hasbeenshowingsignsofrealrecovery.ThegovernmenttheBankofJapan(BOJ)havedeclaredinAugust2005thattheJapaneseeconomyhasemergedfromthetemparylullafterthelongdownturnsknownast

7、helostdecadehoweversomeeconomistshaverefrainedfromsuchoptimisticcommentsbecauseofcontinuinginventycrectionsintheinfmationtechnologysect.TheNikkeistockindexhasshowedbankstocksrisingtotheirhighestlevelsinmethanfiveyears.co

8、nsecutiveyearespeciallyatmajbankswhichhaveexhibiteda45%decreasetoacurrentfigureofJPY7.6trillion.HowevertheBOJisstillusingcheapmoneytotackledeflationstimulategrowthwithofficialinterestratesremainingatclosetozerotheBOJsmon

9、thlyaveragecollateralisedovernightdepositcallratestillstalledat0.001%asithasbeensince2001.ClearingSystems：Japanboaststhreesystemsfyenelectronicfundstransfersmaintainsasinglemainpaperbasedsystem.BOJ：BOJismainlyusedfinterb

10、anksettlementsalsocoversJapanesegovernmentbondsettlements.Howevercustomerscanalsoconductbusinessonarealtimegrosssettlementbasis.ThesystemisownedoperatedbytheBOJwithsettlementoccurringbetweenmemberbankscurrentBOJaccounts.

11、AsofMarch2004435financialinstitutionswereparticipatinginBOJ.Interbanktransfersaccountfjustover90%ofpaymentvolumesthroughBOJwiththeFeignExchangeYenClearingSystem(FXYCS)Zenginclearinghousesbeingresponsibleftheremainingptio

12、nwith3.6%2.5%2.4%respectivelyaratiothathasremainedunchangedsinceMarch2003.FeignExchangeYenClearingSystemTheFeignExchangeYenClearingSystem(FXYCS)hlesyen(JPY)paymentsresultingfrominternationalfinancialtransactionspaymentsi

13、nvolvingnonresidententitiesincludingfeignexchangetransactionsJPYdenominatedbondtransactionsimptexptsettlement.FXYCSissimilartotheCHIPS(thebankownedClearingHouseInterbankPaymentSystemflargevaluepayments)operatesasasettlem

14、entsystemthedatafmatusedissimilartothatusedbySWIFT.Thecutofftimefsendingpaymentsis1.45pmwithfinalsettlementthroughBOJat2:30pm.TheTokyoBankersAssociation(TBA)ownsoperatesFXYCSalsotakesonthecounterpartyriskfpaymentsettleme

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