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1、0外文翻譯外文翻譯JustInTimeInventyManagementStrategy&LeanManufacturingMaterialSource:AcademyofManagementReviewAuth:StevenWhiteOverviewofJustinTimeInventyManagementJustintimeisamovementideathathasgainedwideacceptanceinthebusiness
2、communityoverthepastdecade.AscompaniesbecamememecompetitivethepressuresfromJapanscontinuousimprovementcultureotherfirmswerefcedtofindinnovativewaystocutcostscompete.TheideabehindJITleanmanufacturingistohavethesuppliesafi
3、rmneedsattheexactmomentthattheyareneeded.Indertoaccomplishthisgoalafirmmustconstantlybeseekingwaystoreducewasteenhancevalue.Arecentsurveyofsenimanufacturingexecutivesshowedthat71%usedsomefmofJITintheirprocesses(Pragman).
4、ThissimplestatisticillustratesthatJITisheretostayalsothatfirmsmustconstantlybesearchingfwaystocutcostsachieveanadvantage.JITisonewaytoachievethatendresult.IndertoundersthowJITwksacommonvocabularyneedstobeestablishedfromw
5、hichtofurtherdiscussthetopicgaininsightintowhysomanyfirmshaveadoptedit.AspreviouslystatedoneofthekeycomponentsofJITistoreducewasteaddvalue.Thereareseveralactivitiesthatacompanymustmonitastargetsfreducingwaste.Amongthesea
6、reexcessivewastetimesinflatedinventiesunneededpeoplematerialmovementunnecessaryprocessingstepsnumerousvariabilitiesthroughoutafirmsactivitiesanyothernonvalueaddingactivity.AkeyexampleofthisisanewplantthatCaterpillarisbri
7、ngingonlineinthenearfuture.ByreducingthenumberoftimesabuckethadtoberepositionedwhileitwasbeingweldedCaterpillarwasabletoreducetheamountoftimethebucketspentintheweldinglinereducelabcostsbylimitingidletimeattheweldingstati
8、onincreasetheefficiencyoftheentiremanufacturingprocess.ThelayoutinventiesthatarepartofaJITstrategymayseemthemostlogicalstepstoreducewasteincreasevalue.Bysimplyredevelopingthelayoutofcertainfacilitiesafirmcanreducethetime
9、ittakesfsuppliestogettothenextstepinprocesscutcostsassociatedwiththatmovement.Onewaytodothisistohavewkinprogressclosetothenextstationinthemanufacturingchain.Couplethis2JITleanmanufacturingsystemisimptantbecausewithoutthe
10、dedicationofthewkfceanyendeavissuretofail.Thereareseveralwaystoachievewkfcecommitment.Asimplewayistocrosstrainthewkfcemembersoutsideoftheirnmalbusinessfunctionhelpincreaseanemployeesproblemsolvingability.Indoingsoafirmis
11、empoweringitswkfcetothinkabouttheirfunctioninanewwaywhilelookingfwaystoimprovegivingthemanoverallviewoftheentirefirmnotjusttheirsinglejob.Whenthisiscoupledwiththesupptofmanagementanincreaseinresourcestosolveproblemsaninc
12、reaseinemployeerolesresponsibilityawkfcewillfeelempoweredwktomakeJustInTimeasuccessfthebusiness.StrengthsofJITThereisalotofstrengthinincpatingJITleanmanufacturinginacompany.JITmakesproductionoperationsmeefficientcosteffe
13、ctivecustomerresponsive.JITallowsmanufacturerstopurchasereceivecomponentsjustbefetheyreneededontheassemblylinethusrelievingmanufacturersofthecostburdenofhousingmanagingidleparts.InthatrespectcompanyspokesmanfDellFigueroa
14、says“Withourpulltodersystemwevebeenabletoeliminatewarehousesinourfactieshaveimprovedfactyoutputbydoublebyaddingproductionlineswherewarehousesusedtobe“.Thebenefitofcarryingsmalleramountsofinboundinprocessfinishedgoodsinve
15、ntyexistsregardlessofthefirmsoperatingcontext(sizeproductiontechnologyetc.).JustInTimeappealstomanycompaniesbecauseithelpspreventmanufacturersfrombeingstuckwithinventythatmaybecomeobsolete.JITwasinitiallydevelopedjustifi
16、edbasedoncostreductionqualityimprovementdimensions.NowcompaniesviewJITasprovidinganapproachtoachievingexcellenceintheeliminationofwasteaswellasmakingthecompanymeresponsivetoshttermcustomerdempatterns.JITmanufacturingcanb
17、earealmoneysaverfacompany.Companiesarenotonlymeresponsivetotheircustomersbuttheyalsohavelesscapitaltiedupinrawmaterialsfinishedgoodsinventyallowingcompaniestooptimizetheirtransptationlogisticsoperations(UPS2003).OverallJ
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