變電站外文翻譯3

1、<p><b>　　英文文獻(xiàn)</b></p><p>　　Power System Substation is an important and indispensable component of the power it assumed the task of conversion and distribution of grid security and the econom

2、y play a decisive role in running is to contact the user's power plants and intermediate links. With economic development, expanding grid capacity, reliability of operation of the power grid is getting higher and hig

3、her requirements. Development of science and technology, intelligent switches, photoelectric current and voltage transfor</p><p>　　Keywords: substation automation</p><p>　　Power system is operat

4、ed by the production, transmission, distribution and consumption of a variety of power linked to the composition of electrical equipment. As a result of a large number of power can not be stored, we must ensure that the

5、production of electricity and energy balance. With the scientific and technological advances in the technological development of our country has reached a certain level. Intelligent switches, photoelectric current and vo

6、ltage transformer, a run-line state de</p><p>　　Design of our substation substation cable programs tend to be simple, many of the recent domestic new 220 k V substation and 110kV voltage levels of wiring wit

7、hout the use of dual-bus bypass bus. The use of GIS, the priority sub-bus single wire. Terminal Substation, the line as far as possible, such as transformer unit wiring. A large number of the introduction of new technolo

8、gy, transformer substation rising level of electrical equipment, power distribution devices from the traditional form of </p><p>　　With technological advances, the traditional relay protection devices are gr

9、adually being replaced by microprocessor-based protection. Microprocessor-based protection is referred to as the protection of PC computer, a digital relay protection, is based on the programmable digital circuit technol

10、ogy and real-time digital signal processing technology of the Power System Protection. At present, both at home and abroad have been developed to 32-bit digital signal processor for hardware-based protect</p><

11、p>　　The most basic request that charged barbed wire net in the city circulates is safe and stable.The core problem of charged barbed wire net safety in the city stability wants to build up to be a with the city mutual

12、ly accommodative of, reasonable of charged barbed wire net structure.This text passes and programs to the charged barbed wire net with electric power and designs the technique principle of the aspect analysis.Elaborated

13、the standard concerning electric voltage grade, power supply credib</p><p>　　How to promise power supply credibility</p><p>　　1)Satisfy charged barbed wire net power supply safe standard.The pow

14、er supply network satisfies the request of power supply credibility.The standard that all satisfies N-l, city area center high burden density important customer in the district satisfy the standard of N-2.Disallow transf

15、ormer over carry.Help a southern city net power supply credibility rate index sign programming target is 99.99%.</p><p>　　2)Press to go together with charged barbed wire net burden to transfer ability in the

16、 city satisfy following request:</p><p>　?、賂he transformer substation loses any once enter line or one set lord transformer but lower power supply ability, win press to go together with charged barbed wire n

17、et to have to transfer burden to ensure the ability of power supply.</p><p>　?、赪hen a female line of transformer substation stops a luck because of putting, winning to press to go together with charged barbe

18、d wire net should have the ability that transfer all burden.</p><p>　　③When the 10 kv goes together with electric wire road any check to fix or breaks down, going together with the charged barbed wire net sh

19、ould have non- check of transfer to fix, non- breakdown segment ability for carrying.The non- check fixs,</p><p>　　The non- breakdown segment carries to the power is off time only for go together with to giv

20、e or get an electric shock an equipments to pour a Zha operation for time.</p><p>　　3)Ask to satisfy a following principle while allowing the capacity of the power outage and the target of the instauration p

21、ower supply while going together with charged barbed wire net breakdown to make the customer the power is off:</p><p>　?、賂he customer of two back track power supplies , after losing a back track, should be u

22、nlimited to give or get an electric shock.</p><p>　?、赥he customer of three back track power supplies , after losing a back track, should be unlimited to give or get an electric shock, again after losing a ba

23、ck track, should satisfy power supply capacity 50-70% is used an electricity.</p><p>　?、踂hen all of a back track or much customer's the power of back track power supplies stopped, resume target time of p

24、ower supply broke down to handle for a back track restored of ask.</p><p>　　④At wreath net power supply method in for open the customer in the wreath network, the lowest instauration power supply request for

25、 breaking down wreath net is to need to pass charged barbed wire net operation instauration</p><p>　　Power supply of time, its target time need for operating of ask;It is the power supply that passes to go t

26、ogether with net automation restriction to resume an intact block in the lmin to go together with net automation circuit.</p><p>　　Power supply ability and safety</p><p>　　1)Of each electric vol

27、tage layer net capacity in the city net, press definitely change the electric capacity carry to compare an allocation, the all levels electric voltage net changes the electric capacity carry compare satisfy the upper lim

28、it request that current 《electric power net in the city programming design lead 》 stipulates.</p><p>　　According to 2001 national economy trade committee promulgation of electric power profession standard 《e

29、lectric power system safety stability lead 》 middle finger:N.a standard is under the normal movement method of the any component(is like circuit, generator, and transformer...etc.) in the electric power system have no br

30、eak down or because of break down break to open, electric power system should</p><p>　　Can keep stable to circulate with normal power supply, other components however carry, electric voltage and frequency al

31、l are allowing inside the scope.This is usually called N. one standard.</p><p>　　The charged barbed wire net power supply safe standard has:N-l standard and quasi- N one 2 standards and Ns is one 2 standards

32、.</p><p>　　City's going together with the power supply safety of charged barbed wire net to usually request is to adopt N one one standard.It is one 2 standards to have already adopted quasi- N as well a

33、t the power supply safety specially important place one 2 standards or Ns.</p><p>　　2)Medium press and go together with charged barbed wire net and have certain back up capacity, generally should have 50% Yu

34、 degrees, while being any component check and fixing and breaking down and stopping and carrying should pass and pour a Zha operation can keep a segment the customer continue toward the customer or non- trouble power sup

35、ply, go together with each component of charged barbed wire net while transfering burden however carry, unlimited electricity.When two set lords hanpen that</p><p><b>　　譯文：</b></p><p&

36、gt;　　變電站是電力系統(tǒng)中不可缺少的重要組成部分，它擔(dān)負(fù)著電能轉(zhuǎn)換和分配的任務(wù)，對電網(wǎng)的安全和經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行起著舉足輕重的作用，是聯(lián)系發(fā)電廠和用戶的中間環(huán)節(jié)。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，電網(wǎng)容量不斷擴(kuò)大，對電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行的可靠性要求也越來越高?？茖W(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展、智能化開關(guān),光電式電流電壓互感器,一次運(yùn)行設(shè)備在線狀態(tài)檢測,變電站運(yùn)行操作培訓(xùn)仿真等高新技術(shù)日趨成熟,以及光纖技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)高速網(wǎng)絡(luò)在實(shí)時(shí)系統(tǒng)中的開發(fā)應(yīng)用,勢必對現(xiàn)有的變電站自動(dòng)化技術(shù)產(chǎn)生深刻的影響,全數(shù)

37、字化的變電站自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)成為發(fā)展的趨勢。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞：變電站 自動(dòng)化</p><p>　　電力系統(tǒng)是由生產(chǎn)、輸送、分配和消費(fèi)電能的各種電氣設(shè)備連接在一起組成。由于電能無法大量儲(chǔ)存，必須保證用電和電能生產(chǎn)的平衡。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步，我們國家的技術(shù)發(fā)展已經(jīng)達(dá)到一定的水平。智能化開關(guān),光電式電流電壓互感器,一次運(yùn)行設(shè)備在線狀態(tài)檢測,變電站運(yùn)行操作培訓(xùn)仿真等高新技術(shù)日趨成熟,以及

38、光纖技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)高速網(wǎng)絡(luò)在實(shí)時(shí)系統(tǒng)中的開發(fā)應(yīng)用,大大的提高變電自動(dòng)化程度。</p><p>　　我國變電站設(shè)計(jì)開始趨向于變電站接線方案簡單，近期國內(nèi)新建的許多變電站220 k V及110kV電壓等級的接線采用雙母線而不帶旁路母線。采用GIS的情況下，優(yōu)先采用單母線分段接線。終端變電站中，盡量采用線路變壓器組接線等。大量采用新的技術(shù)，變電站電氣設(shè)備檔次不斷提高，配電裝置也從傳統(tǒng)的形式走向無油化、真空開關(guān)、SF6開關(guān)

39、和機(jī)、電組合一體化的小型設(shè)備發(fā)展。近年來世界各國著名的高壓電氣設(shè)備公司都相繼開發(fā)、研制了各種類型的145-550 kV戶外高壓和超高壓組合電器，國內(nèi)一些高壓開關(guān)廠也已經(jīng)開始生產(chǎn)145 k V戶外緊湊型組合電器。戶外插接式智能型組合電器是一種功能更完備的高壓和超高壓開關(guān)系統(tǒng)，它內(nèi)含電氣一次、二次設(shè)備，以及相關(guān)連的插接式復(fù)合光纜等。全分散式變電站自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)；引入先進(jìn)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)；變電站占地及建筑面積減少，變電站接線方案的簡化，組合電器、管母線

40、及鋼支架等的采用，使變電站布置更為簡單，取消站前區(qū)和優(yōu)化布置使變電站占地大幅度下降。</p><p>　　隨著技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，傳統(tǒng)的繼電保護(hù)裝置正逐步被微機(jī)保護(hù)所取代。微機(jī)保護(hù)是微機(jī)計(jì)算機(jī)保護(hù)的簡稱，是一種數(shù)字式繼電保護(hù)，是基于可編程數(shù)字電路技術(shù)和實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)字信號處理技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)的電力系統(tǒng)繼電保護(hù)。目前，國內(nèi)外已經(jīng)研制出以32位數(shù)字信號處理器為硬件基礎(chǔ)的保護(hù)、控制、測量、及數(shù)據(jù)通信一體化的微機(jī)保護(hù)綜合控制裝置，并將一些人工智

41、能技術(shù)引入繼電保護(hù)中，如用人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、模糊理論實(shí)現(xiàn)故障類型判斷、故障測距、方向保護(hù)、主設(shè)備保護(hù)等新方法。用小波理論的數(shù)字手段分析故障產(chǎn)生信號的整個(gè)頻帶信息并用于實(shí)現(xiàn)故障檢測。這些人工智能技術(shù)不僅為提高故障判別精度提供了手段，而且使某些基于單一工頻信號的傳統(tǒng)算法難以識別的問題得到解決。目前，微機(jī)繼電保護(hù)正沿著微機(jī)保護(hù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、智能化、自適應(yīng)和保護(hù)、控制、測量、信號、數(shù)據(jù)通信一體化的方向發(fā)展。</p><p>　　城

42、市電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行的最基本要求是安全與穩(wěn)定。城市電網(wǎng)安全穩(wěn)定的核心問題是要建立一個(gè)與該城市相適應(yīng)的、合理的電網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)。本文通過對電網(wǎng)規(guī)劃和電力設(shè)計(jì)方面的技術(shù)原則分析。闡述了在電網(wǎng)安全中關(guān)于電壓等級、供電可靠性、供電能力以及電網(wǎng)安全供電的準(zhǔn)則要求等方面應(yīng)注意的一些問題；以及有針對性的闡述了對220kV變電站和110kV變電站的具體設(shè)計(jì)原則相對電網(wǎng)安全供電的要求。</p><p><b>　　如何保證供電可靠性<

43、;/b></p><p>　　1)滿足電網(wǎng)供電安全準(zhǔn)則。供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)滿足供電可靠性的要求。全部滿足N—l的準(zhǔn)則，城區(qū)中心高負(fù)荷密度區(qū)域重要用戶滿足N-2的準(zhǔn)則。不允許變壓器過載。濟(jì)南城網(wǎng)供電可靠率指標(biāo)規(guī)劃目標(biāo)為99．99％。</p><p>　　2)城市中壓配電網(wǎng)負(fù)荷轉(zhuǎn)移能力滿足以下要求：</p><p>　?、僮冸娬臼ト魏我换剡M(jìn)線或一臺主變壓器而降低供電能力時(shí)

44、，中壓配電網(wǎng)具有轉(zhuǎn)移負(fù)荷確保供電的能力。</p><p>　?、谧冸娬镜囊欢文妇€因放停運(yùn)時(shí)，中壓配電網(wǎng)應(yīng)具有轉(zhuǎn)移全部負(fù)荷的能力。</p><p>　?、?0kV配電線路任何一段檢修或故障時(shí)，配電網(wǎng)應(yīng)具備轉(zhuǎn)移非檢修、非故障段負(fù)荷的能力。非檢修、非故障段負(fù)荷停電時(shí)間僅為配電設(shè)備倒閘操作時(shí)間。</p><p>　　3)配電網(wǎng)故障造成用戶停電時(shí)，允許停電的容量和恢復(fù)供電的目

45、標(biāo)時(shí)問滿足以下原則：</p><p>　?、賰苫芈饭╇姷挠脩簦ヒ粭l回路后，應(yīng)不限電。</p><p>　?、谌芈饭╇姷挠脩?，失去一條回路后，應(yīng)不限電，再失去一條回路后，應(yīng)滿足供電容量50-70％用電。</p><p>　?、垡换芈坊蚨嗷芈饭╇姷挠脩綦娫慈r(shí)，恢復(fù)供電的目標(biāo)時(shí)間為一回路故障處理恢復(fù)的時(shí)問。</p><p>　?、茉诃h(huán)網(wǎng)供

46、電方式中對于開環(huán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的用戶，環(huán)網(wǎng)故障時(shí)的最低恢復(fù)供電要求是需通過電網(wǎng)操作恢復(fù)供電的時(shí)間，其目標(biāo)時(shí)間為操作所需的時(shí)問；配網(wǎng)自動(dòng)化線路是通過配網(wǎng)自動(dòng)化限制在lmin內(nèi)恢復(fù)完好區(qū)段的供電。</p><p><b>　　供電能力和安全性</b></p><p>　　1)城網(wǎng)中各電壓層網(wǎng)容量之間，按一定的變電容載比配置，各級電壓網(wǎng)變電容載比滿足現(xiàn)行《城市電力網(wǎng)規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)導(dǎo)則》規(guī)

47、定的上限要求。根據(jù)2001年國家經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易委員會(huì)頒布的電力行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《電力系統(tǒng)安全穩(wěn)定導(dǎo)則》中指出：N．1準(zhǔn)則為正常運(yùn)行方式下的電力系統(tǒng)中任一元件(如線路、發(fā)電機(jī)、變壓器等)無故障或因故障斷開，電力系統(tǒng)應(yīng)能保持穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行和正常供電，其他元件不過負(fù)荷，電壓和頻率均在允許范圍內(nèi)。這通常稱為N．1準(zhǔn)則。電網(wǎng)供電安全準(zhǔn)則有：N—l準(zhǔn)則、準(zhǔn)N一2準(zhǔn)則和N一2準(zhǔn)則。城市配電網(wǎng)的供電安全通常要求是采用N一1準(zhǔn)則。在供電安全特別重要的地方也有采用準(zhǔn)N一2準(zhǔn)則