當代自由主義憲政的困境與倫理重建.pdf

1、955298後旦大學博士學位論文當代自由主義憲政的困境與倫理重建院系：專業(yè)：姓名：指導教師：完成日期：國際關(guān)系與公共事務學院政治學理論肖明曹沛霖教授2006年4月10日Abstractuptillnow：thehumankindisstillfacingthequestionsabouttheexactdefinitiOUSofgood峨。idealnationetcThequestionsareperpetualtopicsnoton

2、lyinthefieldofmoralphilosophybutalsoofpoliticalphilosophyLiberalism，asasetoftheoriesaboutthenation，whosecoreisthetheoryabouttherelationshipamongindividual，societyandthenation，cannotbeseparatedfromthediscussionabout山ebasi

3、cmoralquestionsThereasonwhyliberalismisendowed謝thmodemcharacteristicsisthatitputsforthasubstantiallydifferentanswertothebasicquestionofmoralphilosophyLiberalismheIdsthatthequestionof“whatisgoodlire”isconfinedtotheindivid

4、ual，srationalchoiceSubstantiallyacountryisasetofpoliticalrulesbasedonindividualfightsandprofitsItisnottheloftiestcourseandcannotfunctionasamoralteacher；therefore，itcannotprovidetheanswertothequestionof‘whatisgoodlife”Con

5、stitutionalpoliticscomprisesthepoliticalconstructiontheoryofliberalismThecoretheoryofliberalconstitutionalpoliticsisteslraintnationalpowertoprotectindividualfreedomandprofitsSo，liberalconstitutionalpoliticscombinesthepos

6、itive2palandpassivelroal，makingtheconstitutionalpoliticspassivelysuppresstheviceratherthancarryforwardthebeneflcenceUndertheconditionalpoliticswberethetwogoalsconflictwitheachothertochooseonesidewilldefinitelyweakentheot

7、herside，thuswillruncountertotheoriginalpurposeoftheconstitutionalpoliticsandgettrappedinitTheconstitutionalpracticeofliberalismdependsonthedevelopmentoftheliberaltheoryThemodemliberalismrespondstothedilemmaoftheliberalco

8、nstitutionalpoliticsWhikcommunitarianismputsforthadi船rentpoliticalplallfromitsoppositionstandpointThethesisholdsthatthedilemmaoftheconstitutionalpoliticsconcerningtherelationshipbetweenindividualandnation，individualandso

9、cietyfreedomandauthority，rightandpoweretcleadsitselftoapuzzledomandruncountertotheoriginalpurposeoftheliberalconstitutionalpoliticsThemainreasonforthisliesintheutilitarianismwhichfoFinsthebasisofthetraditionalliberalismT

10、hethesisholdsthattheliberalconstitutionalpoliticsmustbebasedonthecorrespondingmoralphilosophyAsthetimeofAristotlecannotreappeatliberalismalsocannotgobackto山evirtueethicspoliticsSo，constitutionalethicshouldbeanormativeone

11、ratherthanavirtueoneItshouldbeanethicseekingforthehasicstandardratherthanbeingtheon@pursuingperfectionItshenidslncsstheuniversalityof山emoralprincipleandshouldnotberegardedasaspecialtheoryInthefieldofpubliclifetheconstitu

12、tionalethnicprovidesthebasicmoralcommonbeliefandcallsforthebasicsocialmoralobligationWhneinthefieldofindividuallireconsfitutionalethnicshoulduseitsrulestoguaranteetheindividualrightandfreedomL／beralconstitutionalpolitics

13、issubstantiallYthepubliclifeofthepoliticalsphereSotobuildupwildpoliticalcomnlonbeliefandstandardizeandTestahitthegovernmentalactivitiesarehi枷ynecessaryTbeconstitutionalcommonbeliefisthesocialbaseonwhichtheliberalconstitu

14、tionalpoliticscandevelopWithpofiticalvalueasitscontent，iusticeasitsvalueorientationandbasicstandardasitsgoalitseekstherecognitionand“comnlonbelief’ofmulti—valueItsilonldbethestandardbasefortheconflictsbetweencompromisean