2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題（含答案詳解+作文范文）_第1頁
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1、Designation:E2038–99(Reapproved2004)StardTestMethodfTemperatureCalibrationofDielectricAnalyzers1ThisstardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE2038thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearofiginaladoptionint

2、hecaseofrevisiontheyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperepsilon(e)indicatesaneditialchangesincethelastrevisionreapproval.1.Scope1.1Thistestmethoddescribesthetemperaturecalibration

3、ofdielectricanalyzersoverthetemperaturerangefrom–100to300Cisapplicabletocommercialcustombuiltapparatus.Thecalibrationisperfmedbyobservingthemeltingtransitionofstardreferencematerialshavingknowntransitiontemperatureswithi

4、nthetemperaturerangeofuse.1.2Electronicinstrumentationautomateddataanalysisdatareductionssystemstreatmentequivalenttothistestmethodmaybeused.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretobereptedasthestard.1.4Thisstarddoesnotpurpttoad

5、dressallofthesafetyconcernsifanyassociatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstardtoestablishappropriatesafetyhealthpracticestodeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatylimitationspritouse.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1AS

6、TMStards:2E473TerminologyRelatingtoThermalAnalysisE1142TerminologyRelatingtoThermophysicalProperties3.Terminology3.1Definitions—SpecifictechnicaltermsusedinthistestmethodaredefinedinaccdancewithTerminologiesE473E1142.4.S

7、ummaryofTestMethod4.1Atestspecimenofknownsolidsolidsolidliquid(melting)transitiontemperatureisacterizedfitsdielectricpropertiesinadielectricanalyzerofinterestasafunctionoftemperature.Atthetransitionasharpchangeinthediele

8、ctricpropertiesisobserved.Thetemperatureobservedfthetransitionbytheapparatusisrecded.Usingalinearequationfonemetransitionsthetemperaturescalereadoutoftheapparatusiscalibratedbasedupontheknownobservedtransitiontemperature

9、s.5.SignificanceUse5.1Thistestmethodpermitsinterlabatycomparisonintralabatycrelationofinstrumentaltemperaturescaledata.5.2Dielectricanalyzersareusedtoacterizeabroadrangeofmaterialsthatpossessdielectricmoments.Oneofthedes

10、iredvaluestobeassignedbythemeasurementisthetemperatureatwhichsignificantchangesoccurinthepropertiesofthetestspecimen.Indertoobtainconsistentresultsfromoneperiodoftimetoanotherfromonelabatytoanotherthetemperaturesignalfro

11、mtheapparatusmustbecalibratedaccuratelyoverthetemperaturerangeofinterest.6.Interferences6.1Becausethespecimensizeusuallyissmallcaremustbetakentoensurethateachspecimenishomogeneousrepresentativeofthesampleasawhole.6.2This

12、testmethodmeasuresdielectricpropertiesunderspecificexperimentalconditions.Shouldthoseexperimentalconditionschangetheremaybeaneffectonthecalibrationoftheapparatus.6.3Contactadhesionofthespecimentothesensshouldnotbelostdur

13、ingthecourseofthemeasurementotherwiseerroneousvalueswillberecded.7.Apparatus7.1DielectricAnalyzerconsistingofthefollowingitems:7.1.1Sensselectrodesfimpartingthealternatingelectricfieldmeasuringtheinducedcurrentphasingint

14、hespecimen.Theseusuallyaresolidplatfmsthatalsoservetoholdthespecimen.Thesemaybeeithertwoparallelplateelectrodesasingleplatecontainingaseriesofinterdigitatedelectrodes.NOTE1—Whenusingparallelplateelectrodesprovisionshallb

15、emadetopreventtheelectrodesfromcontactingeachotheruponthemeltingofthetestspecimen.7.1.2TemperatureSensfmeasuringthespecimentemperaturetowithin60.1C.1ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE37onThermalMeasurem

16、entsisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE37.01onTestMethodsRecommendedPractices.CurrenteditionapprovedSept.101999.PublishedNovember1999.2FreferencedASTMstardsvisittheASTMwebsitewww.astm.gcontactASTMCustomerServiceat.F

17、AnnualBookofASTMStardsvolumeinfmationrefertothestard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.1Copyright?ASTMInternational100BarrHarbDrivePOBoxC700WestConshohockenPA194282959UnitedStates.12.6.3Thetemperaturevalueattheinterse

18、ctionsofthetangentsfrom12.6.112.6.2istakenastheobservedtemperature(TO1).12.7Repeat12.212.6fthecalibrationmaterialwiththehighertransitiontemperature.TheobservedvalueistakentobeTO2.13.Calculation13.1Fthepurposesofthistestm

19、ethoditisassumedthattherelationshipbetweenobservedtemperature(TO)theactualspecimentemperature(T)isalinearonegovernedbyEq1.T5~TO3S!1I(1)where:SI=theslopeinterceptrespectively.NOTE6—Fsomeinstrumentstheassumptionofalinearre

20、lationsbetweenobservedactualspecimentemperaturemaynothold.Undersuchconditionscalibrationtemperaturessufficientlyclosetogethershallbeusedsothattheinstrumentcalibrationisachievedwithaseriesoflinearrelations.13.2TwoPointCal

21、ibration:13.2.1Usingthestardtemperature(TS1TS2)valuestakenfromTable1thecrespondingobservedtemperatures(TO1TO2)takenfromtheexperimentalsectionabovecalculatetheslope(S)intercept(I)usingEq23.S5~TS1–TS2!~TO1–TO2!(2)I5[~TO13T

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