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1、Designation:D6728?11StardTestMethodfDeterminationofContaminantsinGasTurbineDieselEngineFuelbyRotatingDiscElectrodeAtomicEmissionSpectrometry1ThisstardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD6728thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthed

2、esignationindicatestheyearofiginaladoptioninthecaseofrevisiontheyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperepsilon()indicatesaneditialchangesincethelastrevisionreapproval.1.Scope1.1This

3、testmethodcoversthedeterminationofcontaminantsmaterialsasaresultofcrosioningasturbinedieselenginefuelsbyrotatingdiscelectrodeatomicemissionspectroscopy(RDEAES).1.1.1ThetestmethodisapplicabletoASTMGrades0GT1GT2GT3GT4GTgas

4、turbinefuelsGradesLowSulfurNo.1DLowSulfurNo.2DNo.1DNo.2DNo.4Ddieselfueloils.1.1.2Thistestmethodprovidesarapidatsitedeterminationofcontaminationcrosiveelementsrangingfromfractionsofmgkgtohundredsofmgkgingasturbinedieselen

5、ginefuelssothefuelqualitylevelofrequiredtreatmentcanbedetermined.1.1.3Thistestmethodusesoilsolublemetalsfcalibrationdoesnotpurpttoquantitativelydeterminedetectinsolubleparticles.1.2ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegarded

6、asstard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstard.Thepreferredunitsaremgkg(ppmbymass).1.3Thisstarddoesnotpurpttoaddressallofthesafetyconcernsifanyassociatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstardtoesta

7、blishappropriatesafetyhealthpracticesdeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatylimitationspritouse.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStards:2D975SpecificationfDieselFuelOilsD2880SpecificationfGasTurbineFuelOilsD4057PracticefManualSam

8、plingofPetroleumPetroleumProductsD5854PracticefMixingHlingofLiquidSamplesofPetroleumPetroleumProductsD6299PracticefApplyingStatisticalQualityAssuranceControltingTechniquestoEvaluateAnalyticalMeasurementSystemPerfmance3.T

9、erminology3.1Definitions:3.1.1burnvt—inemissionspectroscopytovapizeexciteaspecimenwithsufficientenergytogeneratespectralradiation.3.1.2calibrationn—thedeterminationofthevaluesofthesignificantparametersbycomparisonwithval

10、uesindicatedbyasetofreferencestards.3.1.3calibrationcurven—thegraphicalmathematicalrepresentationofarelationshipbetweentheassigned(known)valuesofstardsthemeasuredresponsesfromthemeasurementsystem.3.1.4calibrationstardn—a

11、stardhavinganacceptedvalue(referencevalue)fuseincalibratingameasurementinstrumentsystem.3.1.5detectionlimitn—thesmallestconcentrationofanelementthatcanbemeasuredfspecificanalysisconditionsdatacollectionperiods.3.1.6emiss

12、ionspectroscopyn—measurementofenergyspectrumemittedbyfromanobjectundersomefmofenergeticstimulationfexamplelightelectricaldisgesofth.3.2DefinitionsofTermsSpecifictoThisStard:3.2.1arcdisgen—aselfsustaininghighcurrentdensit

13、yhightemperaturedisgeuniquelyacterizedbyacathodefallnearlyequaltotheionizationpotentialofthegasvapinwhichitexists.3.2.2checksamplen—areferencematerialusuallypreparedbyasinglelabatyfitsownuseasameasurementcontrolstardfthe

14、qualificationofameasurementmethod.1ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD02onPetroleumProductsLiquidFuelsLubricantsisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD02.03onElementalAnalysis.CurrenteditionapprovedOct.

15、12011.PublishedNovember2011.iginallyapprovedin2001.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2006asD6728–01(2006).DOI:10.1520D672811.2FreferencedASTMstardsvisittheASTMwebsitewww.astm.gcontactASTMCustomerServiceat.FAnnualBookofASTMSta

16、rdsvolumeinfmationrefertothestard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.ASummaryofChangessectionappearsattheendofthisstardCopyright?ASTMInternational100BarrHarbDrivePOBoxC700WestConshohockenPA194282959.UnitedStates1wavele

17、ngthsarelistedtheyareinthederofpreferencedesiredanalyticalrange.7.3HeatedUltrasonicBath(Recommended)—Anultrasonicbathtoheathomogenizefuelsamplestobringparticlesintosuspension.Theultrasonicbathshallbeusedonsamplescontaini

18、nglargeamountsofdebristhosethathavebeenintransitinstagefatleast48hfheavyresidualfuelstoreduceviscosityeffects.7.4PowerMixer—Apowermixershouldbeusedbefeasampleistransferredfromonecontainertoanothertoensurethatahomogeneous

19、mixtureiscreatedmaintaineduntilthetransferiscomplete.PracticeD5854shouldbeconsultedfthemixinghlingofliquidsamples.8.ReagentsMaterials8.1BaseOil—A75cSt(40C)baseoilfreeofanalytetobeusedasacalibrationblankfblendingcalibrati

20、onstards.8.2CheckSampleQualityControl(QC)Samples—OnemeoilfuelstardssamplesofknownconcentrationwhichareperiodicallyanalyzedasgonogosamplestoconfirmtheneedfstardizationbasedonanallowableaccuracylimitasdescribedinAppendixX1

21、.8.3CleaningSolution—Anenvironmentallysafenonchlinatedrapidevapatingnonfilmproducingsolventtoremovespilledsplashedoilfuelsampleinthesamplestofthespectrometer.8.4CounterElectrode—Thecounterelectrodeisarodelectrode.Thecoun

22、terelectrodeshallbeofhighpuritygraphite(spectroscopicgrade).DimensionsofnewcounterelectrodesshallconfmtothoseshowninFig.1.8.5DiscElectrode—Graphitediscelectrodeofhighpuritygraphite(spectroscopicgrade).Dimensionsoftheelec

23、trodesshallconfmtothoseshowninFig.2.8.6GlassCleaningSolution—Capableofcleaningremovingsplashedoilfuelsamplefromthequartzwindowthatprotectstheentrancelensfiberoptic.Ammoniabasedwindowcleaner70%isopropylrubbingalcoholhaveb

24、eenfoundtobesuitablefthispurpose.8.7ganometallicStards—Singlemultielementblendedstardsfuseasthehighconcentrationstardfinstrumentstardizationpurposesfuseasachecksampletoconfirmcalibration.Multielementblendsareusedffuelana

25、lysisapplicationsthatcontaina3:1concentrationratioofmagnesiumtoallothermetalspresent.Thetypicalconcentrationftheuppercalibrationpointis10mgkgflightfuelswhenASTMNo.0GTNo.1GTNo.2GTGrade1DGrade2DGrade4Dfuelsamplesareanalyze

26、d.Thetypicalconcentrationftheuppercalibrationpointis100mgkgfheavyfuelswhenNo.3GTNo.4GTfuelsamplesareanalyzed.8.7.1Stardshaveashelflifeshallnotbeusedtostardizeaninstrumentiftheyhaveexceededtheexpirationdate.8.8SpecimenHol

27、ders—Avarietyofspecimenholderscanbeusedftheanalysisoffuelsamples.Disposablespecimenholdersmustbediscardedaftereachanalysisreusablespecimenholdersmustbecleanedaftereachanalysis.Allspecimenholdersmustbefreeofcontaminations

28、hallbestedaccdingly.Specimenholdercoversshallbeusedonthosefuelsamplesthatmaycatchonfireduringtheanalysis.9.Sampling9.1Thefuelsampletakenftheanalysismustberepresentativeoftheentiresystem.Goodsamplingproceduresarekeytogood

29、analysessamplesmustbetakeninaccdancewithPracticeD4057.10.PreparationofTestSpecimen10.1Homogenization—Fuelsamplesmaycontainparticulatematterfreewaterindertoberepresentativemustalwaysbevigouslyshakenpritopouringatestspecim

30、enfanalysis.10.2UltrasonicHomogenization—Samplesthathavebeenintransitfseveraldaysidleinstageveryviscousshallbeplacedinaheatedultrasonicbathtobreakupclustersofparticlestobringthembackintosuspension.Thesamplesshallbevigous

31、lyshakenwithapowermixerafterbeingintheultrasonicbathpritopouringatestspecimenfanalysis.Thebathtemperatureshallbe60Cfveryviscousfuelsbelowtheflashpointofnonviscousfuels.Thetotalagitationtimefasampleshouldbeatleast2min.10.

32、3SpecimenHolders—Fuelsamplesoilstardsshallbepouredintoaspecimenholderofatleast1mLcapacitypritoanalysis.Exercisecaretopourthesampleconsistentlytothesamelevelinthespecimenholders.FIG.1GraphiteCounterElectrodeFIG.2GraphiteD

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