簡(jiǎn)介：摘要獷305791本文研究的一個(gè)宏觀背景是中國(guó)不合理的經(jīng)擠結(jié)構(gòu)面臨全面調(diào)整和優(yōu)化。本文研究的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義即在于此。本文是從宏觀層次上研究規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)間題的。本文的基本論斷是發(fā)展規(guī)模經(jīng)擠是促進(jìn)中國(guó)經(jīng)擠結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和優(yōu)化的一條有效途徑。圍繞這一論斷，本文首先研究規(guī)模經(jīng)擠的一般理論問題，包括規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)的內(nèi)涵、形成機(jī)理、規(guī)律性，HES的確定方法，新規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)理論的基本內(nèi)容，規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)的作用等，然后將其應(yīng)用分析中國(guó)工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)規(guī)模經(jīng)擠的具體問題。障過實(shí)證分析八十年代和九十年代前半期中國(guó)工業(yè)代表產(chǎn)業(yè)和規(guī)模經(jīng)擠顯翻業(yè)的規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)水平狀況特點(diǎn)，本文認(rèn)為，改革開放以來，中國(guó)工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模經(jīng)擠水平十分低下，并且沒有多大改觀。探討其成因，有產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況因素，有進(jìn)入壁壘因素，也有政策和體制因素，但主要的是后者。通過從靜態(tài)、動(dòng)態(tài)的角度分別考察中國(guó)工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的兼容特點(diǎn)，本文的結(jié)論是中國(guó)大多數(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的規(guī)模經(jīng)擠和竟?fàn)幍募嫒菪暂^好，可以實(shí)行既鼓勵(lì)利用規(guī)模經(jīng)擠，又利用市場(chǎng)竟?fàn)幍恼?。但由于?guī)模不經(jīng)擠和缺乏竟?fàn)幍膯栴}并存，應(yīng)通過系統(tǒng)調(diào)整政策，并結(jié)合對(duì)不同產(chǎn)業(yè)的分類指導(dǎo)，從國(guó)情出發(fā)，促使規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)和市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)相互協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，實(shí)現(xiàn)有效竟?fàn)?。根?jù)上述1本文認(rèn)為，中國(guó)工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展規(guī)。經(jīng)擠必須用系統(tǒng)方法，綜合治理。首先從思想上解決問題，徹底擺脫經(jīng)濟(jì)工作中形而上學(xué)的思維方式，樹立唯物辯證法的思維方式，通過深化經(jīng)擠體制改革，進(jìn)行制度創(chuàng)新，制定科學(xué)的產(chǎn)業(yè)組織政策，在政府強(qiáng)有力的宏觀調(diào)控下，依靠市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)和市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，穩(wěn)步推動(dòng)。倦發(fā)展規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)的過程中要注意一些問題，如要以獲取最大的經(jīng)擠效益為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，等等。一，關(guān)鏈詞規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)制度創(chuàng)新一般理論有效競(jìng)爭(zhēng)應(yīng)用分析工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)組織政策WITHCOMPETITIONSO賈CANPATINTOTHEPOLICYOFURGINGAT川ZINGECONOMIESOFSCALEANDUTILIZINGMARKETCOMPETITIONASWELLBUTNOWNONECONOMYOFSCALEANDCOMPETITIONABSENCEEXIST。WESHOALDSYSTEMATICALLYADJUSTPOLTETESCLASSIFTEDLYDLREOTDIFFERENTINDUSTRIESTOARGECONOMIESOFSCALEAND血ARKETCOMPETITIVETODEVELOPCOMPATIBLYANDREALIZEWORKABLECO班PETITIONACCORDINGTOALLABOVEIBOLDTHATCHINESEIIDUSTRI，二HOULDASSYSTEMMETHODTODEVELOPECONOMIESOFSCALEANDBETACKLEINACOMPREHENSIVEWAYFIRST育。SHOULDSOLVEIDEOLOGICALPROBLEM，THOROUGHLYFREEFROMMELAPHYSICALTHINKINGWAYINECONOMICACTIVITI二，ANDSETUPMATERIALISTDIALECTICALTHINKING二THODTHROUGHDEEPERLNGROTOR邊OFECONOMICSYSTEM，SHOULDBRINGFORTHNEWSYSTEMFORMULATELNDNITRIALRATIONALIZATIONPOLICYTOURGTHEDEVELOPMENTOFECONOMIESOFSCALEANDUNDERTHEGOVERNMENTSPOWERFULMACROREGULATIONANDCONTROLDEPENDONPROMOTEITSDEVELOPMENTSTOPBYSTEPDDYINGTHEDEVELOPMENTOFOCONOML二OFSCALESOMEPROBLE扭，SHOULDBEPAIDATTENTIONTOSUCH‘GREATESTECONOMICBENEFIT1SOURSTARTINGPOINTANDSOON盆BYWORDSECONOMIESOFSCALEAGENERALTHEORYAPPLICATIONTOANALYZINGINDUSTRYINNOVATIONOFSYSTE過THEPOLICYOFINDUSTRIALORGANINATTONWORKABLECOMPOTITLON

簡(jiǎn)介：對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)博士學(xué)位論文發(fā)展中國(guó)家外貿(mào)、外資與工業(yè)化一般理論分析及對(duì)中國(guó)外貿(mào)、外資與工業(yè)化的實(shí)證研究姓名黃曉玲申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別博士專業(yè)國(guó)際貿(mào)易指導(dǎo)教師王紹熙200131施開放，才能最有利于后進(jìn)國(guó)家完成工業(yè)化，實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)代化。開放，或者保護(hù)的干預(yù)措施組合、次序安排，以及與國(guó)內(nèi)相關(guān)政策的協(xié)調(diào)配合，就構(gòu)成一國(guó)外貿(mào)外資一工業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。探尋最有效的外貿(mào)外資一Y_LK發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，既要有系統(tǒng)、深入的理論石開究為依據(jù)，又要充分認(rèn)識(shí)本國(guó)的特殊性。中國(guó)正處在工業(yè)化加速發(fā)展時(shí)期，又正面臨著經(jīng)濟(jì)體制從計(jì)劃體制向市場(chǎng)體制，從封閉體制向開放體制的轉(zhuǎn)軌，對(duì)外貿(mào)易與外國(guó)直接投資的高速增長(zhǎng)已對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的諸多方面都產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響，到1999年，對(duì)外貿(mào)易依存度已高達(dá)近40％，外國(guó)直接投資占全國(guó)固定資產(chǎn)投資的11％。外國(guó)直接投資企業(yè)工業(yè)產(chǎn)值占全國(guó)工業(yè)產(chǎn)值的27％。外貿(mào)、外資的高速增長(zhǎng)在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的同時(shí)，其負(fù)面影響也正顯現(xiàn)出來。從理論與實(shí)證角度剖析貿(mào)易及外國(guó)投資對(duì)工業(yè)化進(jìn)程的作用及作用機(jī)制，對(duì)于制定高效的政策體系，充分利用國(guó)際要素，以最小的代價(jià)，獲取最大的生產(chǎn)、交換國(guó)際化利益是十分重要的。在紛繁的保護(hù)與開放的論爭(zhēng)中，本文選取了開放與保護(hù)對(duì)后進(jìn)國(guó)家工業(yè)化進(jìn)程的影響這一角度，回顧了第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以后，主流發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)從高保護(hù)、封閉發(fā)展理論，到倡導(dǎo)無干預(yù)自由貿(mào)易，到近年來盛行選擇性貿(mào)易保護(hù)的理論發(fā)展，梳理了貿(mào)易與外國(guó)直接投資對(duì)發(fā)展中國(guó)家工業(yè)化的作用及其作用機(jī)理。這部分內(nèi)容是作者參閱了大量英文經(jīng)典文獻(xiàn)與最新研究成果寫成的。對(duì)中國(guó)工業(yè)化進(jìn)程的研究是本文理論與現(xiàn)實(shí)結(jié)合的落腳點(diǎn)。以

簡(jiǎn)介：同濟(jì)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文互聯(lián)網(wǎng)擁塞定價(jià)研究對(duì)技術(shù)協(xié)議的一般均衡經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)分析姓名張峰申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)與管理指導(dǎo)教師胡克瑾20020301ABSTRACTTHEFOCUSOFTHISPAPERISECONOMICTHEORYBASEDONTHELATESTINSIGHTONEXTERNALITYFROMXIAOKAIYANGANDTHENEWCLASSICALECONOMICSSCHOOLANDAMORETECHNICALORIENTEDUNDERSTANDINGOFTHEINTERACTCONGESTIONMECHANISM，THISPAPERESTABLISHANEWFRAMEWORKTOANALYZETHEINTEMETPRICINGPROBLEMANDTRYTOGENERALIZETHEFRAMEWORKWHILEDOINGTHELITERATUREREVIEWON“INTEMETPRICING”WECONCLUDETHATTHEMAINSTREAMANALYTICFRAMEWORKISBASEDONTHE‘CONGESTIONEXTERNALITY”MODELTHEYARGUEDTHATUSAGEBASEDPRICINGANDQOSSHOULDBEINTRODUCEDINTOTHEINTERACTACCESSSERVICEINDUSTRYINORDERTOCONTROLTHECONGESTIONEXTERNALITYITSTIMULATEDTHEJOINTEFFORTTOAPPLYMOFOECONOMICTHEORYINTHEBUILDINGOFTHENEXTGENERATIONINTEMETPROTOCOLSHOWEVERITALSOSTIMULATESTHEECONOMISTSTEFLECTTHELIMITATIONOFTHECONGESTIONEXTERNALITYECONOMICTHEORYTHECONGESTIONEXTEMALITYSCHOOLPAYSMUCHATTENTIONTODESIGNINGTHEOPTIMALPRICINGMECHANISMWHILETHISPAPERTHINKSTHEPRICINGMECHANISMCHOICESHOULDBETHECHOICEOFTHEINTERNETSERVICEPROVIDERSISPITMUSTBEINTEMALIZEDINTHEECONOMICSMODELBASEDONTHEXIAOKAIYANG’SMODELONEXTERNALITYTHISPAPERINTRODUCEDTHEMEASURINGLABOR1MANDMEASURINGTECHNICALEFFICIENCYKMSOWECANUSETHECOMPARATIVEANALYSISONDECISIONLEVELTOANALYZETHE‘PRICINGMECHANISM”，WHILETHECOMPARATIVEANALYSISONGENERALEQUILIBRIUMTOANALYZETHE‘PACKETSWITCHINGVSCIRCUITSWITCHING”WHATISMOREIMPORTANT，WECANUSETHISFRAMEWORKTOHELPEVALUATETHECOMPREHENSIVEINFLUENCEOFSOMEMAJORTECHNICALDECISION，INSTEADOFTHINKINGINTHEPARTIALEQUILIBRIUMWAYJUSTLIKETHEINSTITUTIONALECONOMICSINTRODUCEDECONOMICTHINKINGTOINSTITUTIONS，WECANGAININSIGHTWHENWEINTRODUCEDTECHNICALELEMENTINTOTHEECONOMICGENERALEQUILIBRIUMMODELKEYWORDSINTEMETPRICING，EXTERNALITYINTEMETCONGESTION，PRICINGMECHANISM，F(xiàn)UZZPRICING，PACKETSWITCHING，CIRCUITSWITCHING，INTEMETPROTOCOL，COMPARATIVEANALYSISONGENERALEQUILIBRIUMLEVEL

簡(jiǎn)介：同濟(jì)大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)與管理學(xué)院碩士學(xué)位論文信息技術(shù)價(jià)值實(shí)現(xiàn)的一般邏輯模型研究信息技術(shù)價(jià)值閉環(huán)的研究姓名張凌欣申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)信息管理與信息系統(tǒng)指導(dǎo)教師胡克瑾20090101ABSTRACTABSTRACTINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYHASBECOMEADETERMININGSTRATEGICFACTORFORLEVERAGINGCOMPETENCYOFANATION．HOWEVER,ITISCOMMONTHATLARGEINVESTMENTSWITHLOWEFFICENCY,POORPERFORMANCEINTHEUSAGEOFINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGIESINCORPORATIONSANDGOVERNMENTSINCHINA．INORDERTOIMPROVEINFORMATIONIZATION，THEAUTHORBELIEVESTHATITISNECESSARYTOCARRYOUTSOMESTUDIESONITGOVERNANCEANDINTRODUCESUCHPRATICEINCHINA．“VALUE’’AND“IUSK，’ARETHECOREOFITGOVERNANCE．AFTERSYSTEMATICALLYREVIEWINGRELEVANTLITERATUREANDLEARNINGINTERNATIONALLEADINGPRATICES，ESPECIALLYVALRRFRAMEWORK,THISTHESISCLEARLYPRESENTSTHEEMERGENCEANDSOMEBASICCONSITITUENTELEMENTSOFITGOVERNANCE．THEAUTHORBELIEVESTHATTHEORETICSANDPRACTICEOFITGOVERNANCECALLEFFECTIVELYIMPROVEEFFICIENCYANDEFFECTSOFITINVESTMENTS，ANDGRANTEEVALUEDELIVERY．SUBSEQUENTLY,THEAUTHORDEFINESTHENOTIONOFVALUEOFIT．ITORIGINATESFROMSEVERALSTRATEGICITINVESTMENTSINITIATIVES，DEPENDSHEAVILYONEVALUATIONS，BREAKINGDOWN,RECONSTRUCTIONS，IMPLEMENTATION,MANAGEMENTANDCONTROLOVEREVERYPROJECTS，ANDFINALLY,PERFORMANCEREVIEWWHICHISALSOTHESTARTUPOFNEXTROUND．IDEALLY,THISKINDOFVALUEDELIVERYISRISINGINASPIRALANDTRADITIONALITPROJECTSMANAGEMENTP鋱湎CEISJUSTAPHASEOFIT．ACCORDINGTOTHISNOTION,AGENERALLOGICALMODELOFITVALUEDELIVERYISPROVIDEDWHICHISCOMPOSEDOFTHREESUCCESSIVESTAGESTHATREPRESENTTPRE．DECISIONMAKING”．“INVESTMENTSCARRIEDON’AND“PERFORMANCEVIEW’．THISMODELCONTAINSALMOSTEVERYIMPORTANTACTIVITYINEACHSTAGEANDITHASBEENCALLED‘‘ACLOSEDLOOPOFITVALUE”．DUETORICHACHIEVEMENTSINTHESECONDSTAGE，THISTHESISEMPHASESTWOTOPICSOFTHISMODEL，WHICHAREEVALUATIONSOFINITIATIVESBEFOREDECISIONMAKINGANDPERFORMANCEREVIEWOFPORTOFILOSAFTERINVESTMENTSCARRIEDOIL．INTHEFIRSTSTAGE，麗TLLTHEHELPOFRESULTSCHAINTECHNIQUE，MATURITYMODELSOFCOBITFRAMEWORKANDBUBBLECHART，THEAUTHORDEVELOPEDACOMPLETESETOFWORKABLEMETHODSWHICHCALLPROVIDEGOVEMANCEBODIESWITHVALUABLEINTELLIGENCEII