畜牧獸醫(yī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)十篇課文翻譯

1、畜牧獸醫(yī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)十篇課文翻譯 畜牧獸醫(yī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)十篇課文翻譯Lesson Lesson 1 skeleton skeletonThe skeleton is the basic framework of the animal. It gives it shape and size.The skeleton carries and supports the weight of the body . It protects some orga

2、ns from external damage ,e.g.ribs ribs protect the heart and lungs and skull protects the allow the animal to move. The bones contain reserves of some elements which the animal can mobilize when they are needed by the bo

3、dy(1)動(dòng)物骨架的基本框架。它給出了它的形狀和尺寸。骨架進(jìn)行和支持身體的重量。它可以保護(hù)從外部損傷某些器官，egribs肋骨保護(hù)心臟和肺部，骷髏保護(hù)動(dòng)物移動(dòng)。骨骼含有的一些元素儲(chǔ)備的動(dòng)物時(shí)，可以調(diào)動(dòng)他們所需要的身體（1）The skeleton develops in the unborn animal from cartilage which hardens as chemical salts are deposited in it

4、.骨架在未出生的動(dòng)物從化學(xué)鹽沉積在軟骨硬化的發(fā)展。In the aged animal the amount of mineral of in the bone increases. This makes the bones brittle. Bones grow in both length and thickness. The bones of the skeleton do not develop at the same rate

5、 in the growing animal (2) . The skull and hind limbs of a new-born lamb form a high percentage of the skeleton but this decreases as the lamb grows. Hind limbs develop faster than fore limbs.在老年動(dòng)物礦物在骨的增加的量。這使得骨骼脆性。骨骼的生長(zhǎng)

6、在長(zhǎng)度和厚度。骨頭的骨架不以同樣的速度在不斷增長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)物（2）發(fā)展。一個(gè)新出生的羊羔頭骨和后肢形成一個(gè)高比例的骨架，但降低的羔羊生長(zhǎng)。后肢比前肢發(fā)展得更快。Animal breeders by careful selection can changes produce and size of the skeleton and thus the animal(3). Sometimes the changes produce weaknes

7、s in the skeleton . Very long pigs can suffer from back troubles.Movement depends on the joints between the bones to move under muscle actiong. Joints fall into there categories.通過仔細(xì)選擇的動(dòng)物育種者可以改變產(chǎn)生和大小的骨架，因此，動(dòng)物（3）。有時(shí)變化產(chǎn)生的骨

8、架疲軟。很長(zhǎng)的豬可能遭受從背面的麻煩。運(yùn)動(dòng)依賴于關(guān)節(jié)之間的骨頭下肌肉 actiong 移動(dòng)。接頭分為有類別。Sliding joints;Hinged joints;Ball-and-socket joints.Sliding joints. In there joints the two bone ends that form the joints are smooth and slightly curved. They are ab

9、le to slide over each other allowing movement . The bones are held together by ligaments attached to the outer membrane of the two bones.滑動(dòng)關(guān)節(jié);鉸接接頭;球窩關(guān)節(jié)?；瑒?dòng)關(guān)節(jié)。在那里關(guān)節(jié)，形成關(guān)節(jié)的骨端光滑，稍彎曲。他們是能滑過對(duì)方讓運(yùn)動(dòng)。外膜的兩塊骨頭的韌帶附著的骨頭是一起舉行的。Hinged jo

10、ints. The bones forming the joint have enlarged surface areas that key into each other (4). This forms strong joint,but limits movement in the joint to one plane.鉸鏈關(guān)節(jié)。其他（4）擴(kuò)大了表面積，關(guān)鍵的骨骼形成的聯(lián)合。這就形成了強(qiáng)強(qiáng)聯(lián)合，但將聯(lián)合限制在一個(gè)平面上。Ball-an

11、d-socket joints. There very strong joints have large surface areas of contact which spreads the weight put on the joint. Movement is limited (rotary with some sideways movement).球窩關(guān)節(jié)。有很強(qiáng)的關(guān)節(jié)表面的接觸面積大，其傳播的重量放在聯(lián)合。運(yùn)動(dòng)是有限的（旋轉(zhuǎn)與一

12、些側(cè)身運(yùn)動(dòng)）。nterstitial fluid.The capillaries drain throuth venules into the veine and back to the right atrium.This is the major(systemic) circulation. From the right atrium, blood folws to the right ventricle , which pumps

13、it through the vessels of the lungs---the lesser(pulmonary) cirulation---and the left atrium to the left ventricle(2).In the pulmonary capillaries,the blood another system of closed vessels,the O2 and CO2 in the alveolar

14、 air.Some tissue fluids enother system of closed vessels,the lymphatics,which drain lymph via the thoracic duct and the right lymphatic duct into the venous system(the lymphatic circulation).The cirulation is controlled

15、by multiple regulatory systems that function in general to maintain adequate capillary blood flow---when possible,in all organs, but particularly in the heart and brain. 循環(huán)系統(tǒng)是運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)，提供 Ø 和組織的胃腸道吸收的物質(zhì)，返回 CO2 的肺部和其他代謝產(chǎn)物

16、對(duì)腎臟，在體溫調(diào)節(jié)功能，并分發(fā)激素和其他藥物調(diào)節(jié)細(xì)胞的功能。的血液，這些物質(zhì)的載體，被泵送通過一個(gè)封閉的血管系統(tǒng)的心臟，它在哺乳動(dòng)物中是真的彼此（1）串聯(lián)的 2 個(gè)泵。從左心室，血液被泵送通過的動(dòng)脈和小動(dòng)脈的毛細(xì)血管，血液與間質(zhì)流體。毛細(xì)血管漏極穿透式平衡靜脈到的 veine 和回右 atrium.This 是主要循環(huán)（全身性）的。從到右心室，右心房，血液 folws，泵的肺部血管---較?。ǚ危ヽirulation---左心房，左心室

17、（2）。在肺毛細(xì)血管中，血液中的另一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的密閉容器中，O2 和 CO2 的的肺泡air.Some 組織液封閉血管，淋巴管，淋巴結(jié)經(jīng)胸導(dǎo)管和右淋巴管進(jìn)入靜脈系統(tǒng)（淋巴循環(huán)排出 enother 系統(tǒng)） 。cirulation多個(gè)管理系統(tǒng)，功能一般，以維持足夠的毛細(xì)血管血流量控制---在可能的情況下，在所有器官中，特別是在心臟和大腦。Lesson Lesson 4 metabolism metabolism The endocrine sy

18、stem,like the nervous system,adjusts and correlates the activities of the various body systems,making them appropriate to the changing demands of the external body systems,making them appropriate to the external and inte

19、rnal environment(1). Endocrine integration isbrought about by hormones,chemical messengers produced by ductless glands than are transportedin the circulation to target cells,where they regulate the metabolic processes(2)

20、. The term metabolism ,meaning literally ' change ',is used to refer to all the chemical and energy transformations that occur in the body.如神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)，調(diào)節(jié)和身體各個(gè)系統(tǒng)相關(guān)活動(dòng)，使他們適當(dāng)?shù)耐獠繖C(jī)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)不斷變化的需求，使他們適當(dāng)?shù)耐獠亢蛢?nèi)部環(huán)境（1）。內(nèi)分泌一體化所帶來的

21、激素，無管腺體比所產(chǎn)生的化學(xué)信使在循環(huán)中被運(yùn)送到靶細(xì)胞，它們調(diào)節(jié)的代謝過程（2）的地方。的長(zhǎng)期代謝，字面意思“變”，是用來指所有的化學(xué)品和能源的轉(zhuǎn)換發(fā)生在身體。The animal organism oxidizes carbohydrates,proteins,and fats,producing principally CO2,H2O,and the energy necessary for life processes.CO2,H

22、2O and energy are also produced when food is burned outside the body.However ,in the body,oxidation is not a onestep ,semiexplosive reaction but a complex , slow,stepwise process called catabolism, which liberates energy

23、 in small, usable amounts. Energy can be stored in the body in the from of special energy-rich phosphate compounds and in the form of proteins,fats,and complex carbohydrates synthesizedfrom simpler molecules .formation o

24、f these substances by processes that take up rather than liberate energy is called anabolism.對(duì)動(dòng)物有機(jī)體的碳水化合物，蛋白質(zhì)和脂肪的氧化，生產(chǎn)主要 CO2，H2O，和必要的能量，對(duì)生命 processes.CO2，H2O 和能量也燒以外的 body.However 食物時(shí)，在體內(nèi)產(chǎn)生，氧化是不一個(gè)一步，semiexplosive 的反應(yīng)，而是一

25、個(gè)復(fù)雜的，緩慢的，漸進(jìn)的過程叫分解代謝，釋放出的能量小，可用金額。能量可以被存儲(chǔ)在身體在從特別富含能量的磷酸鹽化合物和從更簡(jiǎn)單的分子合成的蛋白質(zhì)，脂肪，和復(fù)雜的碳水化合物的形式形成這些物質(zhì)的進(jìn)程所占用，而不是解放的能量被稱為合成代謝。Lesson Lesson 5 the the gonads gonadsModern genetics and experimental embryology make it clear that,in