工程管理專業(yè)外文文獻(xiàn)及翻譯--通過bim改變業(yè)主、設(shè)計(jì)師、承包商的角色

1、本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文文獻(xiàn)、資料題目：Changing roles of the clients Architects and contractors Through BIM 文獻(xiàn)、資料來源：Engineering, Construction, Archi-tectual Management 文獻(xiàn)、資料發(fā)表（出版）日期：2010.2院 （部）： 管理工程學(xué)院專 業(yè)： 班

2、 級(jí)： 姓 名： 學(xué) 號(hào)： 指導(dǎo)教師： 翻譯日期： 2012.6.3山東建筑大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文- 2 -1. IntroductionHospital building projects, are of key importance, and involve significant investment, and usually take a long-term development period. Ho

3、spital building projects are also very complex due to the complicated requirements regarding hygiene, safety, special equipments, and handling of a large amount of data. The building process is very dynamic and comprises

4、 iterative phases and intermediate changes. Many actors with shifting agendas, roles and responsibilities are actively involved, such as: the healthcare institutions, national and local governments, project developers, f

5、inancial institutions, architects, contractors, advisors, facility managers, and equipment manufacturers and suppliers. Such building projects are very much influenced, by the healthcare policy, which changes rapidly in

6、response to the medical, societal and technological developments, and varies greatly between countries (World Health Organization, 2000). In The Netherlands, for example, the way a building project in the healthcare sect

7、or is organised is undergoing a major reform due to a fundamental change in the Dutch health policy that was introduced in 2008.The rapidly changing context posts a need for a building with flexibility over its lifecycle

8、. In order to incorporate life-cycle considerations in the building design, construction technique, and facility management strategy, a multidisciplinary collaboration is required. Despite the attempt for establishing in

9、tegrated collaboration, healthcare building projects still faces serious problems in practice, such as: budget overrun, delay, and sub-optimal quality in terms of flexibility, end-user’s dissatisfaction, and energy ineff

10、iciency. It is evident that the lack of communication and coordination between the actors involved in the different phases of a building project is among the most important reasons behind these problems. The communicatio

11、n between different stakeholders becomes critical, as each stakeholder possesses different set of skills. As a result, the processes for extraction, interpretation, and communication of complex design information from dr

12、awings and documents are often time-consuming and difficult. Advanced visualisation technologies, like 4D planning have tremendous potential to increase the communication efficiency and interpretation ability of the proj

13、ect team members. However, their use as an effective communication tool is still limited and not fully explored (Dawood and Sikka, 2008). There are also other barriers in the information transfer and integration, for ins