外文翻譯--中央污水處理廠廢水凈化和小型污水處理廠廢水凈化分散系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)比較（英文）

1、Economic Comparison of Waste Water Cleaning for Central Waste Water Treatment Plant and Decentralised System with Smaller Waste Water Treatment Plants J. ZORKO, D. GORICANEC Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineerin

2、g University of Mariner Smetanova ul. 17, 2000 Maribor SLOVENIA Abstract: In presented paper two economic analysis of investments for integrated waste water collection and treatment in selected area are presented. The

3、methods of Net present value (NPV) and Capitalised costs (CC) have been used to compare economic efficiency of construction central waste water treatment plant with collecting system and construction of decentralised w

4、aste water treatment plants with belonging collecting system for each settlement separately. Two possible solutions have been selected to cover the extraordinary maintenance costs in the life time of each construction

5、solution. Key-Words: Waste water, catchment area, collecting system, cost price, net present value, capitalised cost 1 Introduction Urban waste water represents a large share at pollution of water environment, which

6、also influences the quality of drinking water sources. The key to arrange matters on department of discharge and treatment of waste water and to the achievements of objectives under the National Environmental Protec

7、tion Programme is the implementing act entitled Operational Programme for the discharge and treatment of Urban Waste water (Government of the Republic of Slovenia Decision No 352-08/2001-2 of 14 October 2004), which

8、 contains cost’s schedule for the construction of collecting systems and urban waste water treatment plants [1,8]. The Operational Programme for specific agglomerations are down the deadlines by which the urban waste

9、 water collecting and treatment system must be in place in compliance with the provisions of Directive 91/271/EEC. In accordance with Operational Programme Municipal shall ensure that agglomerations are provide

10、d with collecting system for urban waste water at least by the year 2017. The main criterias for discharge and treatment of waste water depends on: 1. total load arise from urban waste water in PE, 2. concentration

11、 of residents arise from urban waste water in PE/hectare, 3. determination of sensitive areas of eutrophication or sources of drinking water [2,8]. Agglomerations means an area where the population and/or economi

12、c activities are sufficiently concentrated for urban waste water to be collected or conducted to an urban waste water treatment plant or to a final discharge point [3,8]. 2 Determination of catchment area The basic

13、of feasibility study for discharge and urban waste water treatment in municipal Slovenska Bistrica are also agglomerations. In municipal we selected areas around settlement Pragersko as a priority, where a

14、 municipal waste land-fill and the settlements without regulated sewage system is located. The agglomerations of this areas are represented in Figure 1. Fig.1: Agglomerations of selected area (Pragersko, Zgornja Pols

15、kava, Spodnja Polskava, ?re?njevec, Vrhloga) [2]. Proceedings of the 11th WSEAS International Conference on APPLIED MATHEMATICS, Dallas, Texas, USA, March 22-24, 2007 57must be deposited in a fund at the date of

16、 purchase at the stipulated interest rate to provide all payments for perpetual service [6]. 3.3 Presumptions of economic analysis The presumptions of economic analysis are: ? presumed economic parameters of invest

17、ment are the same for both investments, ? investment is financed with non- returnable sources from EU funds; ? the depreciation costs are not included in the operative costs, ? life span of asset n = 50 years, ?

18、discount rate r = 8 %, ? planned revenues are based on calculation of Price of public utility service which include only cost price of service (operating costs) and does not include cost of investment. Investment

19、is treatment like a national assets and as such should be non profitable. Price of public utility service and cost price are calculated on the base of Regulations on pricing of Municipal Utility Service (Official Gaz

20、ette of RS No. 45/2005, No. 45/2006) [7,8]. Fig.3: Annual operating costs (cost price) for Project 1 and Project 2 ? sources for extraordinary maintenance in expected period could be grants or regular business sou

21、rces. In case of financing project from regular business the revenue should be higher over a cost price. In our simulation we were increasing the cost price for both projects until the first project reached NPV valu

22、e zero, ? we planned extraordinary maintenance each ten years. rCrF A L B B CC n u + ? + = ) / )( ( , 0 0(2)4 Conclusion 1 ) 1 ( ) / ( , , ? + = n r n u rr F A(3) The results leads Project 1 to be more optimal from e

23、conomical point of view. Project 1 is showing higher investment costs and annual operating costs for construction of collecting system over Project 2, while the total investment costs and related annual operating cos

24、ts for selected period for Project 1 are lower as for Project 2. -2.000.000,00 4.000.000,00 6.000.000,00 8.000.000,00 10.000.000,00 12.000.000,00 14.000.000,00 16.000.000,00 EUR1 2 3Investment costs total (1),

25、 Investment costs collecting system (2), Investments costs waste water treatment plant (3)Investment costs for Project 1 and Project 2Project 1 Project 2Fig.4: Investment costs for project 1 and Pro

26、ject 2 Cumulative costs of investment and related operative costs for Project 2 (assuming several waste water treatment plants) are much higher than for Project 1 (Figure 3 and Figure 4). -100.000,00 200.000,00 300.0

27、00,00 400.000,00 500.000,00 600.000,00 700.000,00 EUR1 2 3O perating cos ts total (1 ), O perating cos ts colletcting s ys tem (2 ), O perating cos ts was te water treatment plant (

28、3 )A n n u al ope ratin g costsProjec t 1 Projec t 2Capitalised costs calculation for both projects is presented in Figure 5. 1.0003.0005.0007.0009.00011.00013.00015.00017.00019.0001000 EUR1Capitalised costs for Projec