features of academic writing

1、Features of academic writinghttp://www.uefap.com/writing/writfram.htmIntroductionTry this exercise.Academic writing in English is linear, which means it has one central point or theme with every part contributing to the

2、 main line of argument, without digressions or repetitions. Its objective is to inform rather than entertain. As well as this it is in the standard written form of the language.There are eight main features of academic

3、writing that are often discussed. Academic writing is to some extent: complex, formal, objective, explicit, hedged, and responsible. It uses language precisely and accurately.ComplexityWritten language is relatively more

4、 complex than spoken language. Written language has longer words, it is lexically more dense and it has a more varied vocabulary. It uses more noun-based phrases than verb-based phrases. Written texts are shorter and th

5、e language has more grammatical complexity, including more subordinate clauses and more passives.ComplexityWritten language is relatively more complex than spoken language (Biber, 1988; Biber, Johansson, Leech, Conrad

6、Chafe, 1982; Cook, 1997; Halliday,1989).Written texts are lexically dense compared to spoken language - they have proportionately more lexical words than grammatical words. Written texts are shorter and have longer, mor

7、e complex words and phrases. They have more noun-based phrases, more nominalisations, and more lexical variation. Written language is grammatically more complex than spoken language. It has more subordinate clauses, mo

8、re “that/to“ complement clauses, more long sequences of prepositional phrases, more attributive adjectives and more passives than spoken language.The following features are common in academic written texts:Spoken Spoken

9、 to to written written“Because “Because the the jobs jobs are are even even more more complex, complex, programmes programmes to to train train people people will will take take longer.“ longer.“The increased complexity

10、of tasks will lead to the extension of the duration of training programmes. Spoken Spoken to to written written“I “I handed handed my my essay essay in in late late because because my my kids kids got got sick.“ sick.“Th

11、e reason for the late submission of my essay was the illness of my children. FormalityAcademic writing is relatively formal. In general this means that in an essay you should avoid colloquial words and expressions.Formal

12、ityIn general this means in an essay that you should avoid:a. colloquial words and expressions; ““stuff“, “a lot of“, “thing“, “sort of“,b. abbreviated forms: “can't“, “doesn't“, “shouldn't“c. two word verbs: