單片機(jī)的外文文獻(xiàn)及中文翻譯

1、SCM is an integrated circuit chip, is the use of large scale integrated circuit technology to a data processing capability of CPU CPU random access memory RAM, read-only memory ROM, a variety of I / O port and interrupt

2、system, timers / timer functions (which may also include display driver circuitry, pulse width modulation circuit, analog multiplexer, A / D converter circuit) integrated into a silicon constitute a small and complete co

3、mputer systems. SCM is also known as micro-controller (Microcontroller), because it is the first to be used in industrial control. Only a single chip by the CPU chip developed from a dedicated processor. The first design

4、 is by a large number of peripherals and CPU on a chip in the computer system, smaller, more easily integrated into a complex and demanding on the volume control device which. The Z80 INTEL is the first designed in accor

5、dance with this idea processor, then on the development of microcontroller and dedicated processors will be parting ways. Are 8-bit microcontroller early or 4 bits. One of the most successful is the INTEL 8031, for a sim

6、ple, reliable and good performance was a lot of praise. Then developed in 8031 out of MCS51 MCU Systems. SCM systems based on this system until now is still widely used. With the increased requirements of industrial cont

7、rol field, began a 16-bit microcontroller, but not ideal because the cost has not been very widely used. After 90 years with the great development of consumer electronics, microcontroller technology has been a huge incre

8、ase. With INTEL i960 series, especially the later series of widely used ARM, 32-bit microcontroller quickly replace high-end 16-bit MCU status and enter the mainstream market. The traditional 8-bit microcontroller perfor

9、mance have been the rapid increase capacity increase compared to 80 the number of times. Currently, high-end 32-bit microcontroller clocked over 300MHz, the performance catching the mid-90s dedicated processor, while the

10、 average model prices fall to one U.S. dollar, the most high-end [1] model only 10 dollars. Modern SCM systems are no longer only in the development and use of bare metal environment, a large number of proprietary embedd

11、ed operating system is widely used in the full range of SCM. The handheld computers and cell phones as the core processing of high-end microcontroller can even use a dedicated Windows and Linux operating systems. SCM is

12、more suitable than the specific processor used in embedded systems, so it was up to the application. In fact the number of SCM is the world's largest computer. Modern human life used in almost every piece of electron

13、ic and mechanical products will be integrated single chip. Phone, telephone, calculator, home appliances, electronic toys, handheld computers and computer accessories such as a mouse with a 1-2 in both the Department of

14、SCM. Personal computer will have a large number of SCM in the work. General car with more than 40 microcontroller, a complex industrial control systems may even hundreds of single chip at the same time work! SCM is not o

15、nly far exceeds the number of PC and other computing the sum, or even more than the number of human beings. Single chip, also known as single-chip microcontroller, it is not complete a certain logic chips, but to a compu

16、ter system integrated into a chip. Equivalent to a micro-microcontroller has been very widely used in the field, such as smart meters, real-time industrial control, communications equipment, navigation systems, and house

17、hold appliances. Once all kinds of products were using SCM, can serve to upgrade the effectiveness of products, often in the product name preceded by the adjective - “intelligent“, such as intelligent washing machines. N

18、ow some technical personnel of factories or other amateur electronics developers to engage in out of certain products, not the circuit is too complicated, that function is too simple and can easily be copied. The reason

19、may be stuck in the product did not use a microcontroller or other programmable logic device.外文文獻(xiàn)的翻譯：?jiǎn)纹瑱C(jī)是一種集成在電路芯片，是采用超大規(guī)模集成電路技術(shù)把具有數(shù)據(jù)處理能力的中央處理器 CPU 隨機(jī)存儲(chǔ)器 RAM、只讀存儲(chǔ)器 ROM、多種 I/O 口和中斷系統(tǒng)、定時(shí)器/計(jì)時(shí)器等功能（可能還包括顯示驅(qū)動(dòng)電路、脈寬調(diào)制電路、模擬多路轉(zhuǎn)換器、

20、A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換器等電路）集成到一塊硅片上構(gòu)成的一個(gè)小而完善的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)。單片機(jī)也被稱(chēng)為微控制器（Microcontroller） ，是因?yàn)樗钤绫挥迷诠I(yè)控制領(lǐng)域。單片機(jī)由芯片內(nèi)僅有 CPU 的專(zhuān)用處理器發(fā)展而來(lái)。最早的設(shè)計(jì)理念是通過(guò)將大量外圍設(shè)備和 CPU 集成在一個(gè)芯片中，使計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)更小，更容易集成進(jìn)復(fù)雜的而對(duì)體積要求嚴(yán)格的控制設(shè)備當(dāng)中。INTEL 的 Z80是最早按照這種思想設(shè)計(jì)出的處理器，從此以后，單片機(jī)和專(zhuān)用處理器的發(fā)展便分道

21、揚(yáng)鑣。早期的單片機(jī)都是8位或4位的。其中最成功的是 INTEL 的8031，因?yàn)楹?jiǎn)單可靠而性能不錯(cuò)獲得了很大的好評(píng)。此后在8031上發(fā)展出了 MCS51系列單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)?；谶@一系統(tǒng)的單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)直到現(xiàn)在還在廣泛使用。隨著工業(yè)控制領(lǐng)域要求的提高，開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)了16位單片機(jī)，但因?yàn)樾詢r(jià)比不理想并未得到很廣泛的應(yīng)用。90年代后隨著消費(fèi)電子產(chǎn)品大發(fā)展，單片機(jī)技術(shù)得到了巨大提高。隨著 INTEL i960系列特別是后來(lái)的 ARM 系列的廣泛應(yīng)用，32位

22、單片機(jī)迅速取代16位單片機(jī)的高端地位，并且進(jìn)入主流市場(chǎng)。而傳統(tǒng)的8位單片機(jī)的性能也得到了飛速提高，處理能力比起80年代提高了數(shù)百倍。目前，高端的32位單片機(jī)主頻已經(jīng)超過(guò)300MHz，性能直追90年代中期的專(zhuān)用處理器，而普通的型號(hào)出廠價(jià)格跌落至1美元，最高端[1]的型號(hào)也只有10美元。當(dāng)代單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)不再只在裸機(jī)環(huán)境下開(kāi)發(fā)和使用，大量專(zhuān)用的嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)被廣泛應(yīng)用在全系列的單片機(jī)上。而在作為掌上電腦和手機(jī)核心處理的高端單片機(jī)甚至可以直接

23、使用專(zhuān)用的 Windows 和 Linux 操作系統(tǒng)。單片機(jī)比專(zhuān)用處理器更適合應(yīng)用于嵌入式系統(tǒng)，因此它得到了最多的應(yīng)用。事實(shí)上單片機(jī)是世界上數(shù)量最多的計(jì)算機(jī)?，F(xiàn)代人類(lèi)生活中所用的幾乎每件電子和機(jī)械產(chǎn)品中都會(huì)集成有單片機(jī)。手機(jī)、電話、計(jì)算器、家用電器、電子玩具、掌上電腦以及鼠標(biāo)等電腦配件中都配有1-2部單片機(jī)。而個(gè)人電腦中也會(huì)有為數(shù)不少的單片機(jī)在工作。汽車(chē)上一般配備40多部單片機(jī)，復(fù)雜的工業(yè)控制系統(tǒng)上甚至可能有數(shù)百臺(tái)單片機(jī)在同時(shí)工作！單片