2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題(含答案詳解+作文范文)_第1頁
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1、MegacitiesIn1950NewYkwastheonlycitywithmethan10millioninhabitants.Therearenow11citieshousingover11millionpeopleeach.Tokyoalonehas17million.In1995theircombinedpopulationtotaled166millionin2015itisfecasttobeover204million.

2、Thewld’surbanpopulationincreasingatfourtimestherateofruralpopulationswilldoubleintheperiod19902025tooverfivebillion.Consequentlytwothirdsofthepeopleofthewldwillliveincitiessomeofwhichwillbehuge.Meoverabout90%ofthegrowthw

3、illbeindevelopingcountries.Thisgrowthaddingaround60millionpeopleperyeartocitypopulationwillbemainlyinSoutheastAsiaAfrica.Theconsequencesaredramatic.Thisischangeonascaleneverbefeexperiencedbringingwithitconsiderablechalle

4、ngesopptunities.WhydoesthisgrowthhappenMostofitresultsfrominternalmigrationratherthantheinternationalmovementofpeopleiscausedbyavarietyofpushpullfacts.Onepushfactisduetopressureonlavailability.Improvedhealthbringspopulat

5、iongrowthcausingpeopletomoveoutofruralareas.Othersmovebecauseofclimatechangepofarmingmethodswhichoftenresultindefestationflooding.Suchchangescanalterthesocialstructureleadingpeopletomove.Furthermecivilwarregionalconflict

6、salsocausedisruptiondrivingpeopleoutofruralareas.Ontheotherhtherearethepullfacts.Citiesattractpeoplebecauseofthedemflabinthemanufacturingserviceindustries.Asaresulttheyofferahigherstardoflivingtotheluckyones.Citiesalsote

7、ndtooffergreaterpersonalfreedom.Thewldeconomyhasexpedfivefoldsince1950withthecitiesdrivingtheexpansion.MuchofthiseconomicexpansionhasbeeninthedevelopingcountriesofSoutheastAsia.Therefemostofthemegacitiesofthefuturewillbe

8、foundthere.題目1Thecombinedtotalpopulationofthese11cities________.選擇一項(xiàng):a.was166millionin1950b.was17millionin1995c.is204millionnowd.willbeover204millionin2015答案為D。此題可以運(yùn)用查讀技巧。先在找到第一段中找到包含題中關(guān)鍵信息(Thecombinedtotalpopulation)的句子

9、,即第一段最后一句,于是可以直接得出選項(xiàng)D。而其他選項(xiàng)雖都在文中提到,但都不是與題干相對(duì)應(yīng)的,因此可排除A,B,C三項(xiàng)。題目2Thewld’sruralpopulation________.選擇一項(xiàng):a.increasedatonefourththerateofurbanpopulationb.increasedatfourtimestherateofurbanpopulationc.willbefourtimesbiggerby202

10、5d.willdoubleintheperiod19902025答案為A。此題需要運(yùn)用查讀技巧,并考查計(jì)算能力。先找到文中第二段的第一句,“Thewld’surbanpopulationincreasingatfourtimestherateofruralpopulations”城鎮(zhèn)人口正以4倍于農(nóng)村人口的速度增長著,即農(nóng)村人口的增長速度的城鎮(zhèn)人口的14。因此不要被選項(xiàng)B所迷惑而誤選。題目3Thereasonsfthechangesar

11、ecomplex.Itisclearthatpollutionoftheairwaterbyfactiesisaffectingtheenvironment.Treesothervegetationdiesosoiliseroded.Themetreesthatdiethelesswaterisheldintheearth.Theneedfwoodffuelbuildingsleadstofurtherdefestationwhichc

12、ausesfurthersoilerosion.Localfarmersfinditmemedifficulttomakealiving.Theyendupusinginefficientfarmingmethodswhichagainleadstosoilerosion.TheSolutionsTheGovernmentiscarryingoutantidesertificationprojectsincludingthecreati

13、onofafestbeltarounddeserts.ThetreeplantingcampaignknownastheGreatGreenWallismeanttoprotectBeijingfromsstms.Chinahopestocontroltheexpansionofdesertlbytheyear2010planstoestablishaprotectedecosystemindesertareasby2050.題目1Ac

14、cdingtothispassagetheGobidesertis______.選擇一項(xiàng):a.asbigasBritainb.20%ofthesizeofBritainc.oneseventhofthesizeofBritaind.seventimesbiggerthanBritain正確答案為D。題目2ThetotaldesertareaofChinais______.選擇一項(xiàng):a.increasing正確b.decreasingc.

15、remainingconstantd.thelargestofthewld答案為A。題目3______leadstosoilerosion.選擇一項(xiàng):a.Thegrowthoftreesothervegetationb.Thedefestation正確c.Theefficientfarmingmethodsd.Thepollutionofsomefacties答案為B題目4TheChinesegovernmentisplantingtr

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