2009年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試

1、2009年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)試題英語(yǔ)試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwd(s)feachnumberedblankmarkABCDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Researchonanimalintelligencealwaysmakesmewonderjusthowsmart

2、humansare.1thefruitflyexperimentsdescribedinCarlZimmer’spieceintheScienceTimesonTuesday.Fruitflieswhoweretaughttobesmarterthantheaveragefruitfly2toliveshterlives.Thissuggeststhat3bulbsburnlongerthatthereisan4innotbeingto

3、oterrificallybright.Intelligenceit5outisahighpricedoption.Ittakesmeupkeepburnsmefuelisslow6thestartinglinebecauseitdependsonlearning—agradual7—insteadofinstinct.Plentyofotherspeciesareabletolearnoneofthethingsthey’veappa

4、rentlylearnediswhento8.Isthereanadaptivevalueto9intelligenceThat’sthequestionbehindthisnewresearch.Ilikeit.Insteadofcastingawistfulglance10atallthespecieswe’veleftinthedustI.Q.wiseitimplicitlyaskswhatthereal11ofourownint

5、elligencemightbe.Thisis12themindofeveryanimalI’veevermet.Researchonanimalintelligencealsomakesmewonderwhatexperimentsanimalswould13onhumansiftheyhadthechance.Everycatwithanowner14isrunningasmallscalestudyinoperantconditi

6、oning.webelievethat15animalsranthelabstheywouldtestusto16thelimitsofourpatienceourfaithfulnessourmemyfterrain.Theywouldtrytodecidewhatintelligenceinhumansisreally17notmerelyhowmuchofitthereis.18theywouldhopetostudya19que

7、stion:Arehumansactuallyawareofthewldtheylivein20theresultsareinconclusive.1.[A]Suppose[B]Consider[C]Observe[D]Imagine2.[A]tended[B]feared[C]happened[D]threatened3.[A]thinner[B]stabler[C]lighter[D]dimmer4.[A]tendency[B]ad

8、vantage[C]inclination[D]priity5.[A]insistson[B]sumsup[C]turnsout[D]putsfward6.[A]off[B]behind[C]over[D]along7.[A]incredible[B]spontaneous[C]inevitable[D]gradual8.[A]fight[B]doubt[C]stop[D]think9.[A]invisible[B]limited[C]

9、indefinite[D]different10.[A]upward[B]fward[C]afterward[D]backwardliethatwehaveperpetuateditfosterscommonness.Knowingwhatyou’regoodatdoingevenmeofitcreatesexcellence.”Thisiswheredevelopingnewhabitscomesin.21.TheviewofWdsw

10、thhabitisclaimedbybeingA.casualB.familiarC.mechanicalD.changeable.22.TheresearchershavediscoveredthatthefmationofhabitcanbeA.predictedB.regulatedC.tracedD.guided23.”ruts”(inlineoneparagraph3)hasclosestmeaningtoA.tracksB.

11、seriesC.acteristicsD.connections24.Ms.Markova’scommentssuggestthatthepracticeofstardtestingApreventsnewhabitsfmbeingfmedBnolongeremphasizescommonnessCmaintainstheinherentAmericanthinkingmodelDcomplieswiththeAmericanbelie

12、fsystem25.RyanmostprobablyagreethatA.ideasarebnofarelaxingmindB.innovativenesscouldbetaughtC.decisivenessderivesfromfantasticideasD.curiosityactivatescreativemindsText2Itisawisefatherthatknowshisownchildbuttodayamancanbo

13、osthispaternal(fatherly)wisdom–atleastconfirmthathe’sthekid’sdad.Allheneedstodoisshellour$30fpaternitytestingkit(PTK)athislocaldrugste–another$120togettheresults.Methan60000peoplehavepurchasedthePTKssincetheyfirstbecomea

14、vailablewithoutpreionslastyearsaccdingtoDougFogchiefoperatingofficerofIdentigenewhichmakestheoverthecounterkits.MethantwodozencompaniessellDNAtestsDirectlytothepublicranginginpricefromafewhundreddollarstomethan$2500.Amon

15、gthemostpopular:paternitykinshiptestingwhichadoptedchildrencanusetofindtheirbiologicalrelativeslatestrageamanypassionategenealogistssupptsbusinessesthatoffertosearchfafamily’sgeographicroots.Mosttestsrequirecollectingcel

16、lsbywebbingsalivainthemouthsendingittothecompanyftesting.AlltestsrequireapotentialcidatewithwhomtocompareDNA.Butsomeobserversareskeptical“Thereisakindoffalseprecisionbeinghawkedbypeopleclaimingtheyaredoingancestrytesting

17、”saysTreyDusteraNewYkUniversitysociologist.Henotesthateachindividualhasmanyancestsnumberinginthehundredsjustafewcenturiesback.YetmostancestrytestingonlyconsidersasinglelineageeithertheYchromosomeinheritedthroughmeninafat

18、her’slinemitochondrialDNAwhichapasseddownonlyfrommothers.ThisDNAcanrevealgeicinfmationaboutonlyonetwoancestseventhoughfexamplejustthreegenerationsbackpeoplealsohavesixothergreatgrparentsfourgenerationsback14othergreatgre

19、atgrparents.Criticsalsoarguethatcommercialgeictestingisonlyasgoodasthereferencecollectionstowhichasampleiscompared.Databasesusedbysomecompaniesdon’trelyondatacollectedsystematicallybutratherlumptogetherinfmationfromdiffe