《社會(huì)理論》96-12真題

1、Manipulatisnowusedasaindustrialrobotsinusethecontrolobjectivesoftenappearofteninindustrialautomation.Industrialautomationtechnologyhasgraduallymaturedasmatureatechnologylinehasbeenrapiddevelopmentinindustrialautomationas

2、aseparatesubject.Manipulatapplicationbegantofilterintoweldinglogisticsmechanicalprocessingotherindustries.Especiallyathighverylowtemperaturesfullofpoisonousgaseshighradiationcaserobotinsimilarcircumstancesshowedgreatusea

3、lsobringsgreatconveniencetothestaff.Preciselybecauseofthisrobottogetpeoplesattentionbegantobeahighdegreeofdevelopment.Labrateswkingconditionslabintensiveaspectsofpromotingdevelopment.BothathomeabroadtodevelopthePLC(progr

4、ammablelogiccontroller)isinvariousspecialcircumstancesunderspecialconditionssetfmechanicaldevices.NowturnedonthedevelopmentofthemicroelectronicsautomaticcontroltechnologytherapiddevelopmentofthetrainsthesuccessofPLChardw

5、aresoftwaresimulationcontrolwinbigsuccessfuldevelopmentnowcontinuestodevelopasafactyautomationstards.Becauserobotsaregooddevelopmentofthetechnologymakesagoodoptimizationofproductivecapitalrobotshowsthisuniqueadvantagessu

6、chas:hasgoodcompatibilitywideavailabilityhardwareiscompleteprogrammingthatcanbemasteredinashttimesointhecontextofindustrialPLCapplicationsbecameubiquitous.Manipulatinmanydevelopedcountryagricultureindustryhasbeenapplieds

7、uchastheuseofmechanicalharvestinglargeareasoffarmlrepeatedoperationsonthehighspeedlinethatusesaroboticarmsoon.Todaythehighlevelofautomationcombinedwithrestrictionsonthemanipulatdevelopmentlevelisslightlylowerthantheinter

8、national.ThedesignismainlyarmweldingmachinebyPLCAutomationcontrol.Thisofdesignletdesignersoninschoolbylearnofhasamustofconsolidationundersthassomeusuallydidntopptunitiesawarenessinwldrangewithinsomeleadinglevelofknowledg

9、ehashasmustawarenesshopedesignerscaninyihouofdesigninthecansuccessofusinginthisdesignintheproceedsofexperience1.2manipulatinbothathomeabroadofresearchprofileautomationmechanicalarmresearchbeganYu20thcenturymediumtermafte

10、ryearswithwithcomputerautomationtechnologyofdevelopmentMakesmechanicalarmontheGrstageofindustrialautomationshinegraduallybecameanindustrialevaluationstardsitsimptancecanbeseen.Nowiginalroboticarmspentmostofmassproduction

11、useontheproductionlinewhichisprogrammedroboticarm.Asthefirstgenerationofmanipulatpositioncontrolsystemsmainfeaturesalthoughnotbackseveralgenerationsthatcandetecttheexternalenvironmentbutcanstillsuccessfullycompletelikewe

12、ldingpaintingdeliveryaswellasfmaterialssimplemovements.Secondgenerationmechanicalarmsareequippedwithsenssmanipulatshavetheenvironmentthereisacertainamountof“sense“whenthemechanicalarmistousetheprogramasabasis.Differencei

13、sthattherobotbegmanipulatcontrolmodeprogrammablecontrollersintroduction2.1discussionwithmanipulatcontrol2.1.1classificationofcontrolrelaysdiscreteelectroniccircuitcancontrololdindustrialequipmentbutalsomecommon.Mainlythe

14、setworelativelycheapyoucanmeettheoldfashionedsimple(simple)industrialequipment.Sohecanseethemnowhoweverthesetwocontrolmodes(relaydiscreteelectroniccircuits)arethesefatalflaws:(1)cannotadapttothecomplexlogiccontrol(2)only

15、fthecurrentprojectthelackofcompatibility(3)notrefmingthesystemwithequipmentimprovements.SpringfthedevelopmentofChinasmodernindustrialautomationtechnologythesubstantialincreaseinthelevelofindustrialautomationcompletedthep

16、erfectrelayofthecomputertoomuch.Intermsofcontrollingthecomputershowedhistwogreatadvantages:(1)eachofthehardwarecanbeinstalledononememicroprocesss(2)theofficialdesignerofthesoftwarewritingcontentcontrolisallabout.Nowinsev

17、eralwaysinthecontextofindustrialautomationcanoftenbeseeninthreeways:(1)ProgrammableLogicalController(referredtoasIPC)(2)DistributedControlSystem(DCSfsht)(3)theProgrammableLogicalController(PLCfsht).2.1.2PLCtheIPCDCScontr

18、astcontrast1eachofthethreetechnologiesofiginsdevelopmentrequirementsffastdataprocessingmakesitinventedthecomputer.Themenbroughtintermsofhardwarethereusingahighlevelofstardizationcanusemecompatibilitytoolsisarichsoftwarer

19、esourcesespeciallytheneedfimmediacyinoperationalsystems.Sothecomputercaneffectivelycontrolisusedtocontrolmeetitsspeedonthevirtualmodelrealtimeincomputationalrequirements.Distributedsystemstartedwithacontrolsystemfindustr

20、ialautomaticinstrumentusedtocontrolwhereasnowitissuccessfullydevelopedintoindustrialcontrolcomputerusedasacentralcollectiondistributionsystemtransitionofdistributedcontrolsysteminanaloguehlingloopcontrolhasbeguntoreflect

21、theuseofahugeadvantage.Thoughdistributedsystemhasgreatadvantagesinloopregulationbutonlyasameansofcontinuousprocesscontrol.OptimizationofPLCisthecrespondingrelayneedswasbnitsmainuseinthewkdercontrolearlyprimaryisreplacedr

22、elaythishulkingsystemfocusedontheswitchcontrollingtherunningderoffunctions.Markedbythemicroprocessintheearly1970ofthe20thcenturyemergedmicroelectronicstechnologyhasdevelopedrapidlypeoplesoonmicroelectronicsprocessingtech

23、nologywillbeusedintheProgrammableLogicalController(thatis1999年招生專業(yè)：社會(huì)學(xué)、人類學(xué)考試科目：社會(huì)學(xué)概論和社會(huì)學(xué)史一、解釋下列概念（每題5分，共40分）bda73b774e1、地位一致2、主文化與亞文化3、內(nèi)群體4、社會(huì)設(shè)置5、“天職觀”6、“感召權(quán)威”（韋伯）7、“反功能”（默頓）8、“報(bào)酬類型”（布勞）二、簡(jiǎn)述題（每題10分，共20分）1、簡(jiǎn)述社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型期社會(huì)化問(wèn)題的特征

24、。2、簡(jiǎn)述齊美爾關(guān)于“社會(huì)交往形式”的思想。三、論述題（每題20分，共40分）1、結(jié)合實(shí)際論述我國(guó)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型期“公平與效率”這一矛盾的表現(xiàn)，成因及解決對(duì)策。2、試論韋伯關(guān)于東西方文化宏觀比較研究的基本思路及其對(duì)當(dāng)代社會(huì)學(xué)的影響。2000年招生專業(yè)：社會(huì)學(xué)、人類學(xué)考試科目：社會(huì)學(xué)概論和社會(huì)學(xué)史一、解釋下列概念（每題5分，共40分）1、地位相悖2、代溝3、正式組織4、相對(duì)剝奪5、目標(biāo)合理性（韋伯）6、精英（帕雷托）7、多元分層空間（布勞）8、

25、標(biāo)簽理論二、簡(jiǎn)答題（每題10分，共20分）1、簡(jiǎn)述權(quán)利與權(quán)威的聯(lián)系與區(qū)別。2、簡(jiǎn)述馬克思與達(dá)倫多夫在分析社會(huì)沖突上觀點(diǎn)的異同。三、論述題（每題20分，共40分）1、試用社會(huì)學(xué)有關(guān)理論分析我國(guó)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期人際關(guān)系變化的特點(diǎn)及趨勢(shì)。2、結(jié)合杜爾克姆對(duì)自殺的研究，概括出實(shí)證社會(huì)學(xué)的研究方法及理論形式的基本特征。2001年招生專業(yè)：社會(huì)學(xué)、人類學(xué)考試科目：社會(huì)學(xué)概論和社會(huì)學(xué)史一、名詞解釋（每題5分，共40分）1、象征符號(hào)2、文化資本3、去個(gè)性化

26、4、合作5、“法理權(quán)威”（韋波）6、“行動(dòng)系統(tǒng)”（帕森斯）7、“印象管理”（戈夫曼）8、“主我”與“客我”（米德）二、簡(jiǎn)答題（每題10分，共20分）1、簡(jiǎn)述“社會(huì)網(wǎng)”的獨(dú)特研究視角。2、簡(jiǎn)述社會(huì)交換論對(duì)群體結(jié)構(gòu)及權(quán)力的生成所作的解釋。三、論述題（每題20分，共40分）1、世論社會(huì)分層研究中的不同范式。Manipulatisnowusedasaindustrialrobotsinusethecontrolobjectivesoftenap

27、pearofteninindustrialautomation.Industrialautomationtechnologyhasgraduallymaturedasmatureatechnologylinehasbeenrapiddevelopmentinindustrialautomationasaseparatesubject.Manipulatapplicationbegantofilterintoweldinglogistic

28、smechanicalprocessingotherindustries.Especiallyathighverylowtemperaturesfullofpoisonousgaseshighradiationcaserobotinsimilarcircumstancesshowedgreatusealsobringsgreatconveniencetothestaff.Preciselybecauseofthisrobottogetp

29、eoplesattentionbegantobeahighdegreeofdevelopment.Labrateswkingconditionslabintensiveaspectsofpromotingdevelopment.BothathomeabroadtodevelopthePLC(programmablelogiccontroller)isinvariousspecialcircumstancesunderspecialcon

30、ditionssetfmechanicaldevices.NowturnedonthedevelopmentofthemicroelectronicsautomaticcontroltechnologytherapiddevelopmentofthetrainsthesuccessofPLChardwaresoftwaresimulationcontrolwinbigsuccessfuldevelopmentnowcontinuesto

31、developasafactyautomationstards.Becauserobotsaregooddevelopmentofthetechnologymakesagoodoptimizationofproductivecapitalrobotshowsthisuniqueadvantagessuchas:hasgoodcompatibilitywideavailabilityhardwareiscompleteprogrammin

32、gthatcanbemasteredinashttimesointhecontextofindustrialPLCapplicationsbecameubiquitous.Manipulatinmanydevelopedcountryagricultureindustryhasbeenappliedsuchastheuseofmechanicalharvestinglargeareasoffarmlrepeatedoperationso

33、nthehighspeedlinethatusesaroboticarmsoon.Todaythehighlevelofautomationcombinedwithrestrictionsonthemanipulatdevelopmentlevelisslightlylowerthantheinternational.ThedesignismainlyarmweldingmachinebyPLCAutomationcontrol.Thi

34、sofdesignletdesignersoninschoolbylearnofhasamustofconsolidationundersthassomeusuallydidntopptunitiesawarenessinwldrangewithinsomeleadinglevelofknowledgehashasmustawarenesshopedesignerscaninyihouofdesigninthecansuccessofu

35、singinthisdesignintheproceedsofexperience1.2manipulatinbothathomeabroadofresearchprofileautomationmechanicalarmresearchbeganYu20thcenturymediumtermafteryearswithwithcomputerautomationtechnologyofdevelopmentMakesmechanica

36、larmontheGrstageofindustrialautomationshinegraduallybecameanindustrialevaluationstardsitsimptancecanbeseen.Nowiginalroboticarmspentmostofmassproductionuseontheproductionlinewhichisprogrammedroboticarm.Asthefirstgeneratio

37、nofmanipulatpositioncontrolsystemsmainfeaturesalthoughnotbackseveralgenerationsthatcandetecttheexternalenvironmentbutcanstillsuccessfullycompletelikeweldingpaintingdeliveryaswellasfmaterialssimplemovements.Secondgenerati

38、onmechanicalarmsareequippedwithsenssmanipulatshavetheenvironmentthereisacertainamountof“sense“whenthemechanicalarmistousetheprogramasabasis.Differenceisthattherobotbeg中國(guó)人民大學(xué)社會(huì)學(xué)專業(yè)之《社會(huì)理論》9612真題manipulatcontrolmodeprogramma

39、blecontrollersintroduction2.1discussionwithmanipulatcontrol2.1.1classificationofcontrolrelaysdiscreteelectroniccircuitcancontrololdindustrialequipmentbutalsomecommon.Mainlythesetworelativelycheapyoucanmeettheoldfashioned

40、simple(simple)industrialequipment.Sohecanseethemnowhoweverthesetwocontrolmodes(relaydiscreteelectroniccircuits)arethesefatalflaws:(1)cannotadapttothecomplexlogiccontrol(2)onlyfthecurrentprojectthelackofcompatibility(3)no

41、trefmingthesystemwithequipmentimprovements.SpringfthedevelopmentofChinasmodernindustrialautomationtechnologythesubstantialincreaseinthelevelofindustrialautomationcompletedtheperfectrelayofthecomputertoomuch.Intermsofcont

42、rollingthecomputershowedhistwogreatadvantages:(1)eachofthehardwarecanbeinstalledononememicroprocesss(2)theofficialdesignerofthesoftwarewritingcontentcontrolisallabout.Nowinseveralwaysinthecontextofindustrialautomationcan

43、oftenbeseeninthreeways:(1)ProgrammableLogicalController(referredtoasIPC)(2)DistributedControlSystem(DCSfsht)(3)theProgrammableLogicalController(PLCfsht).2.1.2PLCtheIPCDCScontrastcontrast1eachofthethreetechnologiesofigins

44、developmentrequirementsffastdataprocessingmakesitinventedthecomputer.Themenbroughtintermsofhardwarethereusingahighlevelofstardizationcanusemecompatibilitytoolsisarichsoftwareresourcesespeciallytheneedfimmediacyinoperatio

45、nalsystems.Sothecomputercaneffectivelycontrolisusedtocontrolmeetitsspeedonthevirtualmodelrealtimeincomputationalrequirements.Distributedsystemstartedwithacontrolsystemfindustrialautomaticinstrumentusedtocontrolwhereasnow

46、itissuccessfullydevelopedintoindustrialcontrolcomputerusedasacentralcollectiondistributionsystemtransitionofdistributedcontrolsysteminanaloguehlingloopcontrolhasbeguntoreflecttheuseofahugeadvantage.Thoughdistributedsyste

47、mhasgreatadvantagesinloopregulationbutonlyasameansofcontinuousprocesscontrol.OptimizationofPLCisthecrespondingrelayneedswasbnitsmainuseinthewkdercontrolearlyprimaryisreplacedrelaythishulkingsystemfocusedontheswitchcontro

48、llingtherunningderoffunctions.Markedbythemicroprocessintheearly1970ofthe20thcenturyemergedmicroelectronicstechnologyhasdevelopedrapidlypeoplesoonmicroelectronicsprocessingtechnologywillbeusedintheProgrammableLogicalContr

49、oller(thatis第3頁(yè)共8頁(yè)createdby笨蝸牛笑笑1、列舉當(dāng)前我國(guó)“社會(huì)越軌”現(xiàn)象的主要表現(xiàn)。并選用適當(dāng)理論說(shuō)明其產(chǎn)生的原因2、試用社會(huì)學(xué)有關(guān)理論分析我國(guó)現(xiàn)代化過(guò)程中“理性化”增長(zhǎng)的主要表現(xiàn)及其蘊(yùn)含的問(wèn)題2005年一、解釋下列概念(每題4分，共40分)1、文化墮距2、角色3、社會(huì)失范4、自我概念5、從眾6、“感召權(quán)威”（韋伯）7、“AGIL框架”8、報(bào)酬類型（布勞）9、交往理性（哈貝馬斯）10、場(chǎng)域（布迪厄）二、簡(jiǎn)答題（每

50、題15分，共60分）1、簡(jiǎn)述組織正式結(jié)構(gòu)與非正式結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系2、簡(jiǎn)述“階級(jí)”和“職業(yè)群體”兩個(gè)概念在社會(huì)分層研究中的差別。3、韋伯是如何看待價(jià)值行動(dòng)與目標(biāo)行動(dòng)之間關(guān)系的？4、簡(jiǎn)述“模式變量”（帕森斯）在現(xiàn)代化研究中的意義三、論述題（每題25分，共50分）試以城市農(nóng)民工為例，分析我國(guó)城市化進(jìn)程中存在的問(wèn)題試結(jié)合實(shí)例選用有關(guān)理論說(shuō)明“文化”與“社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)”之間的關(guān)系2006年一、名詞解釋1、功能主義2、性別角色3、文化墮距4、集合行為5、標(biāo)簽理

51、論6、泰羅制7、遲發(fā)展效果8、社會(huì)解組（杜爾克姆）9、實(shí)證（孔德）10、價(jià)值合理性行動(dòng)二、簡(jiǎn)述題1、科層制的正功能與負(fù)功能2、簡(jiǎn)述中國(guó)社會(huì)失范的表現(xiàn)及其成因3、社會(huì)學(xué)對(duì)“權(quán)力”的性質(zhì)及其作用的主要觀點(diǎn)。4、方法論個(gè)人主義與整體主義的各自特點(diǎn)及其代表人物。三、論述題1、用相關(guān)理論結(jié)合中國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)型社會(huì)分析物質(zhì)文明建設(shè)與精神文明建設(shè)之間的關(guān)系。2、用相關(guān)理論并結(jié)合實(shí)例分析中國(guó)現(xiàn)代風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)和創(chuàng)建和諧社會(huì)之間的關(guān)系3、闡述結(jié)構(gòu)功能論和符號(hào)互動(dòng)論對(duì)“結(jié)