英美文學(xué)名詞解釋最全版

1、01.Humanism(人文主義)HumanismistheessenceoftheRenaissance.2itemphasizesthedignityofhumanbeingstheimptanceofthepresentlife.Humanistsvoicedtheirbeliefsthatmanwasthecenteroftheuniversemandidnotonlyhavetherighttoenjoythebeautyof

2、thepresentlifebuthadtheabilitytoperfecthimselftoperfmwonders.02.Renaissance(文藝復(fù)興)Thewd“Renaissance”means“rebirth”itmeantthereintroductionintowestermEuropeofthefullculturalheritageofGreeceRome.2theessenceoftheRenaissancei

3、sHumanism.Attitudesfeelingswhichhadbeenacteristicofthe14th15thcenturiespersistedwelldownintotheeraofHumanismrefmation.3therealmainstreamoftheenglishRenaissanceistheElizabethandramawithwilliamshakespearebeingtheleadingdra

4、matist.03.Metaphysicalpoetry(玄學(xué)派詩(shī)歌)Metaphysicalpoetryiscommonlyusedtonamethewkofthe17thcenturywriterswhowroteundertheinfluenceofJohnDonne.2witharebelliousspirittheMetaphysicalpoetstriedtobreakawayfromtheconventionalfashi

5、onoftheElizabethanlovepoetry.3thedictionissimpleascomparedwiththatoftheElizabethantheNeoclassicalperiodsechoesthewdscadencesofcommonspeech.4theimageryisdrawnfromactuallife.04.Classcism(古典主義)Classcismreferstoamovementtend

6、encyinartliteraturemusicthatreflectstheprinciplesmanifestedintheartofancientGreeceRome.Classicismemphasizesthetraditionaltheuniversalplacesvalueonreasonclaritybalanceder.Classicismwithitsconcernfreasonuniversalthemesistr

7、aditionallyopposedtoRomanticismwhichisconcernedwithemotionspersonalthemes.05.Enlightenment(啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng))EnlightenmentmovementwasaprogressivephilosophicalartisticmovementwhichflourishedinfrancesweptthroughwesternEuropeinthe18thce

8、ntury.09.ByronicHero(拜倫式英雄)Byronicheroreferstoaproudmysteriousrebelfigureofnobleigin.2withimmensesuperiityinhispassionspowersthisByronicHerowouldcarryonhisshoulderstheburdenofrightingallthewrongsinacruptsociety.wouldrise

9、singlehedlyagainstanykindoftyrannicalruleseitheringovernmentinreligioninmalprincipleswithunconquerablewillsinexhaustibleenergies.3Byron’schiefcontributiontoEnglishliteratureishiscreationofthe“ByronicHero”10.CriticalReali

10、sm(批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義)CriticalRealismisatermappliedtotherealisticfictioninthelate19thearly20thcenturies.2Itmeansthetendencyofwritersintellectualsintheperiodbetween18751920toapplythemethodsofrealisticfictiontothecriticismofsocietythe

11、examinationofsocialissues.3Realistwriterswereallconcernedaboutthefateofthecommonpeopledescribedwhatwasfaithfultoreality.4lesDickensisthemostimptantcriticalrealist.11.Aestheticism（美學(xué)主義）ThebasictheyoftheAestheticmovement“a

12、rtfart’ssake”wassetfthbyaFrenchpoetTheophileGautierthefirstEnglishmanwhowroteaboutthetheyofaestheticismwasWalterPater.2aestheticismplacesartabovelifeholdsthatlifeshouldimitateartnotartimitatelife.3Accdingtotheaesthetesal

13、lartisticcreationisabsolutelysubjectiveasopposedtoobjective.Artshouldbefreefromanyinfluenceofegoism.Onlywhenartisfart’ssakecanitbeimmtal.Theybelievedthatartshouldbeunconcernedwithcontroversialissuessuchaspoliticsmalityth

14、atitshouldberestrictedtocontributingbeautyinahighlypolishedstyle.4ThisisoneofthereactionsagainstthematerialismcommercialismoftheVictianindustrialeraaswellasareactionagainsttheVictianconventionofartfmality’ssakeartfmoney’