情態(tài)動詞講義

1、第五章第五章情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞學(xué)習(xí)目標學(xué)習(xí)目標(LearningObjectives)Bytheendofthelessonwewillbeableto:acquirethespecialusageofsomemodalverbsinthecontextapplysomegrammarrulesofmodalverbstosolvingtheproblemsinpractice.熱身熱身(Warmingupexercises)1.He__

2、_______havethebookwhenIfinishit.2.They_________finishitbynow.3.Stainlesssteel__________notrust.4.Whenhewastherehe_________gotothatcoffeeshopatthecnerafterwkeveryday.A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might重點重點(Keypoints)1.Canco

3、uld⑴can和could還可用于表示對事情可能性的推測(常用于否定疑句中)據(jù)說我們下周要進行期中考試這消息是真的嗎？It’ssaidthatwewillhavethetermexamnextweek.___________________他不可能去了國外，因為我剛剛在他的辦公室遇見他。_________________________________________becauseImethiminhisofficejustnow.現(xiàn)在

4、:couldcan’tbe過去:can’tcouldn’thavedone⑵在肯定句中can還可表示“有時會往往”吸煙往往會導(dǎo)致癌癥。_______________________________________.(中譯英)Itcanbeverycoldhereinwinter.________________________________.(英譯中)TheWldWideWebissometimesjokinglycalledtheW

5、ldWideWaitbecauseit_________beveryslow.A.shouldB.mustC.willD.can⑶與can的一些常用搭配①can’tbutdosth.不得不只好做某事Ican’tbutadmirethetruthofyourremarksalthoughtheygoagainstmyinterests.②can’thelpdoing忍不住做某事Wecouldnthelplaughingwhenwehear

6、dthefunnysty.③can’t與enough連用表示“再……也不為過Onecannotpracticeenoughwhenlearningafeignlanguage.注：此種用法還可用cannot(或never等否定詞）…too…”表達Ican’tthankyoutoomuch.=Ican’tthankyoumuchenough.2.Shallshall常用于第一三人稱疑問句中表示征求對方意見用于二、三人稱陳述句中表示意圖、命

7、令、警告、允諾、強制等在法律法規(guī)等文件中表示義務(wù)或規(guī)定可譯為“必須應(yīng)該可以”等。ShallhecleantheblackboardfyouTakeiteasy.You_________beofferedajobinthiscompany.Mike_________sparenoeffttostudy.(1)“Theinterest_________bedividedintofivepartsaccdingtotheagreementma

8、debybothsides.”declaredthejudge.A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall(2)ExcusemebutIwanttouseyourcomputertotypearept.You_________havemycomputerifyoudon’ttakecareofit.school.5.Would(1)表示過去常常做某事Mygrfatherwouldwalkhisdogaftersupperwhe

9、nhewasingoodcondition.(2)與rather連用，表示寧愿做某事Iwouldratherstayathomethanweroutside.注：注：在wouldrather后的賓語從句中也用虛擬語氣，用動詞的過去式虛擬當時或?qū)淼那闆r，用過去完成式虛擬過去的情況。Mostinsuranceagentswouldratheryou_________anythingaboutcollectingclaimsuntilthe

10、yinvestigatethesituation.A.doB.don’tdoC.woulddoD.didn’tdo6.Will⑴用于非人主語時，表示固有性質(zhì)，傾向。Thewindowwon’topen.窗子打不開。⑵有時表示“難免”。Accidentswillhappen.事故難免會發(fā)生。7.May⑴“Maywell動詞原形”意為“很可能”.Herappearancehaschangedsomuchthatyoumaywellnotre

11、cognizeher.⑵“maymightaswell動詞原形”意為“最好，滿可以，倒不如”。Youmayaswelldoitatonce.⑶may可以用于祈使句，表示祝愿.Mayweneverfgeteachother.8.Need和dare⑴兩者既可作情態(tài)動詞也可作為行為動詞。Studentsneedn’tgotoschoolatweekends.=Studentsdon’tneedtogotoschoolatweekends.He

12、didn’tdaretolookatherintheface.=Hedarednotlookatherintheface.⑵Need作為行為動詞時，還可表示“需要”，后接動名詞的主動形式或不定式的被動形式表示被動含義.Thefloneedssweepingtobeswept.⑶作為行為動詞的dare用于疑問句或否定句時，后接不定式，to可省略.Didhedare(to)tellher他敢告訴她嗎Wedon’tdare(to)sayany

13、thing.我們什么也不敢說.【注】Idaresay是習(xí)慣說法，常譯為“很可能”、“大概”、“我想”等.Idaresay(that)youareright.我想你是對的.Exercises:1WhatstofhousedoyouwanttohaveSomethingbigWellit_________bebig—that’snotimptant.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.won’t2.改錯Mr.Limustn