移動(dòng)電子商務(wù)的采納和應(yīng)用信息處理視角【外文翻譯】

1、<p><b>　　畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）</b></p><p><b>　　外文翻譯</b></p><p><b>　　外文原文</b></p><p>　　The Adoption and Use of Mobile Commerce: an Information Processing

2、Perspective</p><p>　　Kongchun Chen</p><p>　　School of Business</p><p>　　Renmin University of China</p><p>　　Beijing, China</p><p>　　chenkongchun@ruc.edu.cn

3、</p><p><b>　　Shan Wang</b></p><p>　　School of Business</p><p>　　Renmin University of China</p><p>　　Beijing, China</p><p>　　shanwang@ruc.edu.cn

4、</p><p><b>　　Yanli Pei</b></p><p>　　School of International Business</p><p>　　Beijing Foreign Studies University</p><p>　　Beijing, China</p><p>

5、;　　peiyanli@gmail.com</p><p>　　Abstract—Due to its potential to drive the next wave of ecommerce, mobile commerce has attracted much attention from both practitioners and researchers. In this paper, we devel

6、op a theoretical framework to study the adoption and use of mcommerce from the information processing perspective. Based on the information processing framework, we propose that the fit between the information processing

7、 need of m-commerce users and the information processing capacity of mobile applications positively affe</p><p>　　Keywords—ile commerce (m-commerce); information processing theory; usability; adoption</p&

8、gt;<p>　　INTRODUCTION</p><p>　　Mobile commerce (m-commerce) can be viewed as a subnet of e-commerce and refers to any transaction with monetary value that is conducted via a mobile network [1]. Becaus

9、e of its unique characteristics, including mobility and broad reach, mobile commerce has been considered as the next bandwagon of commerce revolution. The market of mobile commerce has been growing significantly in the p

10、ast few years. But its adoption is slower than that of wired internet and has not met people’s expectation [2, </p><p>　　The lack of adoption of m-commerce has been partly attributed to its usability. For ex

11、ample, in 2003, the Paybox winded down its mobile payment activities in all countries except Austria because of the slow growth of mobile commerce in Europe. The USA consumers aren't convinced they want or need mobil

12、e services and many think it is too complicated [2]. Some researchers attribute the failure to the usability of mobile devices (e.g. small display screen, clumsy input tools and limited battery capa</p><p>　

13、　However, despite the usability problem which plagues most m-commerce applications, we observe that mobile commerce is more popular in some industries/areas than in others. King et al. [7] found that in 2002 the wireless

14、 data subscribers in banking and trading exceed 180 times of that in real estate in the USA. Additionally, some successful mobile commerce applications emerge in other regions, such as Octopus card for e-payment in Hong

15、Kong and ring downloads in DoCoMo’s I-Mode in Japan. But it i</p><p>　　Prior researches on mobile commerce adoption mainly based on technology acceptance model or theory of planned behavior, which is common

16、in the research of electronic commerce and other information technology adoption. But these methods can’t fully capture the characteristics of mcommerce. In order to incorporate the mobility and board reach traits into t

17、he study of m-commerce adoption, we attempt to analyze it from the perspective of information processing theory. We propose that the adoption of</p><p>　　mobile commerce users.</p><p>　　The pape

18、r proceeds as follows. We provide a literature review about the adoption and use of mobile commerce in section II. The theory of information processing and mobile application usability is introduced in section III. In se

19、ction IV, we explain the proposed research framework for the adoption and use of mobile commerce on basis of information processing theory. Finally, related conclusions are drawn in section V.</p><p>　　LITER

20、ATURE REVIEW: THE ADOPTION AND USE OF MOBILE COMMERCE</p><p>　　Two characteristics of m-commerce are noted by many researchers: mobility and broad reach [1, 3, 5, 8]. The biggest value of most m-commerce app

21、lications comes from their ability to extend the commerce activities beyond the limitation of time and location [9]. Mobility implies that users can initiate real-time contact with commercial and other systems wherever t

22、hey happen to be [4]. Abroad reach means that people can be reached at any time [1, 4].</p><p>　　Most of prior studies about mobile commerce adoption and use base their rationale on the popular attitude/beha

23、vior models, such as technology acceptance model (TAM) [8, 10], innovation diffusion theory [11], theory of planned behavior [12], or the combination of them [5]. These studies provide us important perspective to underst

24、and the m-commerce adoption. The following determinants are normally studied: perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, service cost, network speed, 978-1-4244-4639-1/</p><p>　　Although are important, the

25、 behavioral/attitude models can’t help us to fully capture the unique characteristics of mobile commerce [13]. The factors such as perceived ease of use, use context, and cost can also be used to explain the adoption of

26、other information systems. In order to incorporating the unique characteristics of m-commerce into adoption research, some researchers resort to contingency theory. Contingency theory has two branches: task-technology fi

27、t (TTF) theory and information pr</p><p>　　The essence of the TTF theory is that the fit between the task complexity and the technology processing capacity will result in high individual performance.TTF has

28、been used by researchers to analyze the fit between mobile commerce applications complexity and the mobile technology processing capacity, and how such fit result in higher adoption rate and better performance. Gebauer e

29、t al. [6] developed a TTF framework to study the m-commerce adoption. They found that the users could choose differe</p><p>　　However most TTF based m-commerce adoption studies matched different mobile syste

30、ms and tasks empirically without a strong logic on how such fit is produced. Furthermore, the fit is studied at individual application/task level rather than the aggregate and abstract level. We adopted information proce

31、ssing theory, another branch of contingency theory to address the above issues: analyze how mobile applications fit the needs of m-commerce users at an aggregate level based on the information proces</p><p>

32、　　THEORETICAL BACKGROUND</p><p>　　This paper builds on information processing theory and mcommerce usability theory. M-commerce is viewed as a new type of information processing device that can accommodate t

33、he unique needs of some group of people, who may find greater value in m-commerce and demonstrate a greater intention to adopt the new technology.</p><p>　　Information processing theory</p><p>　

34、　Information processing theory originates from organizational design research fields. Since organizations face uncertainty when they make decisions, researchers and practitioners strive for devices to counter such uncert

35、ainties and improve organizational performance. The information processing model was proposed as a solution to such problems [15, 16]. Organizations are seen as open social systems which must collect, interpret and synth

36、esis information, and provide information processing capabili</p><p>　　In the information systems research areas, Gattiker et al. [17] applied the information processing theory to study the local-level costs

37、 and benefits of enterprise resource planning (ERP) adoption and usage. They found that the more interdependence among sub-units in an organization, the more benefits it would get from the ERP due to the fit between the

38、information processing need of the organization and the information processing capacity of ERP. In [18] information processing theory is used to</p><p>　　Mobile applications usability</p><p>　　T

39、he information processing capacity of m-commerce is determined both by their nature of being mobile and the usability of mobile applications. The conception of usability initially comes from software design. ISO 9241 sta

40、ndard provides one of the well-accepted definitions. Usability is the extent to which the intended users of a product achieve specified goals in an effective, efficient, and satisfactory manner within a specified context

41、 of use.</p><p>　　Due to the special characteristics of mobile commerce, such as limited bandwidth, poor data quality, small display screen and clumsy input equipments, the usability of mobile applications i

42、s essential for the users [2, 19]. Coursaris et al. [19] proposed a framework of empirical mobile usability study and indentified four dimensions that may impact usability and subsequent adoption, namely, user, technolog

43、y, task, and environment. Furthermore they divided the technology dimension into device typ</p><p>　　THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK</p><p>　　We propose that the fit between the information processing nee

44、d of users and the information processing capacity of the mobile applications will positively impact the perceived usefulness of m-commerce users and their adoption intention.</p><p>　　Figure 1 presents our

45、research framework. In this section, we will discuss each construct of the framework.</p><p>　　Information processing need</p><p>　　Consumers have many types of information needs so that they ne

46、ed support of different IT crafts. Mobile device, due to its mobility and portability, is especially valuable for users who need information but can’t get it due to spatial and location separation between users and deskt

47、op computers. We suggest three types of information needs of mobile users that could enhance their perceived value of the mobile devices: timeliness, accessibility and convenience. Timeliness is relevant since due to s&l

48、t;/p><p>　　Timeliness can be defined as the situation that m-commerce users need their tasks to be completed in time regardless of the spatial separation. Venkatesh et al. [2] proposed that timeliness is more i

49、mportant in wireless as a trigger for intention to use than in wired situation. One of the typical examples of timeliness is stock trading. The value of stock information lose so quickly with time that we must capture it

50、 as early as it originates. The investors who take the mobile trade terminal can </p><p>　　Another source of user information need comes from accessibility. If timeliness refers to “anytime”, then accessibil

51、ity can be seen as “anywhere”. In this paper, accessibility can be viewed as the extent that people can obtain information they need where they happen to be [4]. Take military action for example, the field crews and othe

52、r mobile equipments must get the order from the command centers when they move. In this scenario the field resources need access to the order and the command center</p><p>　　Due to the clumsy input and outpu

53、t equipments and limited computing power, the mobile application should support transactions that can be finished in a very short periods of time with several clicks. In this perspective, we can define convenience as peo

54、ple can complete transaction without making much effort and get satisfying performance.</p><p>　　Information processing capacity</p><p>　　We propose that the information processing capability of

55、 mobile commerce mainly comes from the web usability and the mobile technology usability.</p><p>　　Web usability includes three major dimensions: structure, navigation, and personalization [2]. First, due to

56、 the small output interface and limited processing power of mobile device, it is better to offer structured information rather than various. Good organization of information is critical for achieving greater efficiency [

57、20]. Second, since the capacity of mobile device is still low and the input device is clumsy, users may want to find what they want with minimal effort. Perfect navigation </p><p>　　Mobile technology capacit

58、y is the other source of information processing capacity. It contains mobile device processing capacity, network connection speed and network connection reliability. The network connection speed has been considered as on

59、e of the factors impacting mobile commerce adoption [5, 12, 20, 21], but there are relatively few research about data processing capacity of mobile devices. However, this may change with the advent of 3G. In this case, t

60、he mobile network capability, inclu</p><p><b>　　Fit</b></p><p>　　The conception of fit in the framework is viewed as the match between the information processing need of the mobile u

61、sers and the information processing capacity of the mobile applications. Users with high information processing need will search for applications with high processing capacity so as to complete their tasks.</p>&l

62、t;p>　　Perceived usefulness and intention to use</p><p>　　The conceptions of perceived usefulness and intention to use initially come from the TAM [23]. TAM proposes that the perceived usefulness and perce

63、ived ease of use determine the attitude to use the technology, and the attitude together with perceived usefulness impact the user intention. User intention then predicts the actual the actual technology use. In this pap

64、er the construct of perceived usefulness means the degree to which the user believes that the use of m-commerce can enhance his/her p</p><p>　　CONCLUSION</p><p>　　In this paper, we study the ado

65、ption and use of mcommerce from information processing perspective. On the one hand we focus on three dimensions of information processing need: timeliness, accessibility, and convenience. On the other hand we consider t

66、wo sources of information processing capacity: web usability and mobile technology capacity. The core proposal we want to express is that the fit between the information processing need and the information processing cap

67、acity will affect the perceiv</p><p>　　This study makes both theoretical and managerial contributions. From the theoretical perspective, it is the first attempt to study the influence of mobility and board r

68、each on the m-commerce adoption based on the information processing theory and mobile application usability theory. For managers, we provide a new perspective for them to focus their activities to enable the m-commerce a

69、doption.</p><p>　　However there are some limitations to be recognized. The major limitation of this paper is that the framework has not been empirically validated. What’s more, we have not considered other i

70、mportant variables such as services charge, individual experiment, and peer affection that have been studied by prior researchers. These limitations are also the future research opportunities and directions. The other op

71、portunity is to operationalize the concept of fit.</p><p>　　REFERENCES</p><p>　　[1] E.W.T. Ngai, and A.Gunasekaran, A review for mobile commerce research and applications, Decision Support syste

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91、 Davis, Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology, MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 1989, pp.319-339.</p><p><b>　　譯文：</b></p><p>　　移動(dòng)電子商務(wù)的采納和應(yīng)用：

92、信息處理視角</p><p>　　Kongchun Chen</p><p><b>　　工商管理學(xué)院</b></p><p><b>　　中國人民大學(xué)</b></p><p><b>　　中國，北京</b></p><p>　　chenkongchun

93、@ruc.edu.cn</p><p><b>　　Shan Wang</b></p><p><b>　　工商管理學(xué)院</b></p><p><b>　　中國人民大學(xué)</b></p><p><b>　　中國，北京</b></p><

94、;p>　　shanwang@ruc.edu.cn</p><p><b>　　Yanli Pei</b></p><p>　　國際商學(xué)院北京外國語大學(xué)</p><p><b>　　中國，北京</b></p><p>　　peiyanli@gmail.com</p><p&

95、gt;　　摘要——由于它推動(dòng)下一波電子商務(wù)的潛力，移動(dòng)電子商務(wù)已吸引了從業(yè)者和研究者的注意。在本文中，我們從信息處理的角度提出了一個(gè)理論框架來研究移動(dòng)商務(wù)的采納和使用。在信息處理框架的基礎(chǔ)上，我們建議移動(dòng)商務(wù)用戶需要的信息處理和移動(dòng)應(yīng)用程序的信息處理能力之間的適應(yīng)能夠積極影響用戶的感知有用性，從而影響他們打算采取和使用移動(dòng)商務(wù)的意向。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞——移動(dòng)商務(wù)（m - Commerce）；信息處理理

96、論；可用性； 采納</p><p><b>　　1 介紹</b></p><p>　　移動(dòng)商務(wù)（m-commerce）可以被看作是電子商務(wù)的子網(wǎng)，是指通過移動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行的與貨幣價(jià)值有關(guān)的任何交易[1]。由于其獨(dú)特的特征，包括流動(dòng)性和廣泛的接觸，移動(dòng)電子商務(wù)已被認(rèn)為是未來的商業(yè)革命浪潮。在過去幾年中移動(dòng)電子商務(wù)市場已日益顯著。但它的采納比有線網(wǎng)絡(luò)慢，并沒有達(dá)到人們的期

97、望[2，3，4]。</p><p>　　電子商務(wù)采納的缺乏部分歸因于它的實(shí)用性。例如，在2003年，Paybox在所有國家減少了他所有的移動(dòng)支付活動(dòng)除了澳大利亞只因?yàn)樗跉W洲所有國家的移動(dòng)商務(wù)得到移動(dòng)支付緩慢的增長。同時(shí)，美國消費(fèi)者并不認(rèn)為他們想要或需要移動(dòng)服務(wù)，許多人認(rèn)為它太復(fù)雜[2]。一些研究人員歸因于移動(dòng)設(shè)備的可用性（如小的顯示屏幕，笨拙的輸入工具和有限的電池容量），網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接質(zhì)量差以及價(jià)格高 [5，6]。&

98、lt;/p><p>　　然而，不管最困擾移動(dòng)電子商務(wù)應(yīng)用的可用性問題，我們觀察到，相比于其他，移動(dòng)商務(wù)在產(chǎn)業(yè)/地區(qū)更受歡迎。King 等人[7]發(fā)現(xiàn)， 2002年在銀行交易的無線數(shù)據(jù)用戶超過美國的房地產(chǎn)180倍，此外，在其他地區(qū)一些成功的移動(dòng)電子商務(wù)應(yīng)用的出現(xiàn)，如在香港的八達(dá)通電子支付以及在日本的DoCoMo的i - mode在環(huán)下載卡。但令人驚訝的是i – mode除了在日本以外，從來沒有成功。為什么移動(dòng)商務(wù)中的采

99、用在不同的領(lǐng)域/應(yīng)用有不同的結(jié)果？梁等人[3]認(rèn)為，技術(shù)的正確使用決定了應(yīng)用程序的成功。但我們?nèi)绾谓缍ā斑m當(dāng)”？此外，隨著3G的應(yīng)用，無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)質(zhì)量的快速提高，在這種情況下，阻礙移動(dòng)電子商務(wù)的廣泛應(yīng)用的主要因素是什么？</p><p>　　先前關(guān)于移動(dòng)商務(wù)采納的研究主要是基于技術(shù)接受模型或計(jì)劃行為理論，這是在電子商務(wù)和其他信息技術(shù)的應(yīng)用研究中普遍采用的。但這些方法不能完全捕捉移動(dòng)商務(wù)的特點(diǎn)。為了將流動(dòng)性和紙板達(dá)到性

100、狀融入移動(dòng)商務(wù)采納學(xué)習(xí)中，我們嘗試從信息加工理論的角度出發(fā)進(jìn)行分析。我們認(rèn)為，如果移動(dòng)通信技術(shù)的信息處理能力能夠適合移動(dòng)商務(wù)用戶的信息處理需要。移動(dòng)商務(wù)的采納將更為普遍。</p><p>　　該文件的過程如下。我們?cè)诘诙?jié)提供了一個(gè)關(guān)于移動(dòng)商務(wù)的采納和使用的文獻(xiàn)。信息處理和移動(dòng)應(yīng)用程序的可用性理論在第三節(jié)引入。在第四節(jié)，我們?cè)谛畔⑻幚淼睦碚摶A(chǔ)上解釋為移動(dòng)商務(wù)的采納和使用而提出的研究框架。最后，在第五節(jié)得出相關(guān)的