人地關(guān)系與清代直隸農(nóng)村民生狀況分析.pdf

1、東北師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文人地關(guān)系與清代直隸農(nóng)村民生狀況分析姓名：薛剛申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別：碩士專業(yè)：中國古代史指導(dǎo)教師：羅冬陽20050501AbstractTheCOIDJTIOnpeople’slifeinChinesetraditionalagriculturalsocietyiscloselyrelatedtotherelationbetweenpopulationandlandThenaturalandsocialcharacteri

2、sticsoftherelationrestrictpeople’slivelihoodstatethatchangeswithagriculturalproductionchangingAfterQingenteringtheSharlhalPass，thegovernmentusedthepoliticalandmilitarymeanstedistributethelandsothattheownershipofcommonpeo

3、ple2slandchanged，whichledtothemdriftingfromplacetoplaceandlifebeinginprivationInthemiddleperiodofKangXi’sruling，themovementofenclosureshadstoppedbasicallysotheorderofsocialproductiontendedtowardsbeingstablePopulationandl

4、andhadbeenincreasinginterdynamically。Becausethespeedofpopulation。sgrowthisgreaterthanthatoftheCultivatedarea’sexpansion，theoccupancyvolumeofthecultivatedlandperpeopleatZhilidistrictdecreasedyearbyyearand’’populationpress

5、ure”toacertaindegreeappearedintheperiodofDaoguangandXianfeng’srulingThedevelopmentofalargeamountoflandmadethecultivatedareaincrease。whichhadalleviatedthekindof”populationpressure“，insteadofbecomingseriouspopulationcrisis

6、，andwhichmadethetotalamountofgrainsincreaseinZhilidistrictunderthesituationthatthetraditionalcropswasindomination，thehigh—yieldcropshadnotbeenpopularized，andthegrainsofpermtl’syielddidnotchangemuch，soalargeamountofnewly—

7、increasedpopulationcouldmaintainthebasiclifestateDuringtheprocessofagriculturalproduction，thefaminebroughttheseriousnegativeeffecttopeople’slivelihood，anditwasthekeyreasonthatthecommonpeoplewasinprivation，theydriftedabou

8、t，andtherelative”populationpressure”turnedupThegovernmentfosteredsmallscalepeasanteconomythroughencouragingandprotectingthelanddevelopmentofthepeasants，improvedtheworkingconditionsofagriculture，andtookstepstelievethefami