熱能與動(dòng)力工程專業(yè)外文文獻(xiàn)及翻譯--生物質(zhì)混燒方案的減排和燃煤發(fā)電廠的發(fā)電成本

1、本科畢業(yè)論文外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文文獻(xiàn)、資料題目：Renewable Energy文獻(xiàn)、資料來(lái)源：期刊（著作、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等）文獻(xiàn)、資料發(fā)表（出版）日期：2010.7.27院 （部）： 熱能工程學(xué)院專 業(yè)： 熱能與動(dòng)力工程外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文- 2 -that may take longer to develop and stronger willpower to implement. A wedge represents a carbon-cutt

2、ing strategy that has the potential to grow from zero today to avoiding 1 billion tons of carbon emissions per year by 2055. It has been estimated [3] that at least 15 strategies are currently available that, with scalin

3、g up, could represent a wedge of emissions reduction. Although a number of emission reduction options are available to the industry, many of them still face financial penalties for immediate implementation. Some mea

4、sures are very site/location specific while others are still in an early stage of development. Carbon dioxide sequestration or zero emission power plants represent the future of a CO2 emissions-free power sector, but the

5、y will take years to come to the mainstream market. The cost of CO2 capture and sequestration is in the range of 40e60 US$/ton of CO2, depending on the type of plant and where the CO2 is stored [4,5]. This is a significa

6、nt economic burden on the industry, and could potentially escalate the cost of electricity produced by as much as 60%. Canada has vast amounts of biomass in its millions of hectares of managed forests, most of which rema

7、in untapped for energy purposes. Currently, large quantities of the residues from the wood products industry are sent to landfill or are incinerated [6]. In the agricultural sector, grain crops produce an estimated 32 mi

8、llion tons of straw residue per year. Allowing for a straw residue of 85% remaining in the fields to maintain soil fertility, 5 million tons would still be available for energy use. Due to an increase in land productivit

9、y, significant areas of land in Canada, which were earlier farmed, are no longer farmed. These lands could be planted withfast-growing energy crops, like switch-grass offering potentially large quantities of biomass for

10、energy production [6].Living biomass plants absorb CO2 from the atmosphere. So, its combustion/gasification for energy production is considered carbon neutral. Thus if a certain amount of biomass is fired in an existing

11、fossil (coal, coke or oil) fuel fired plant generating some energy, the plant could reduce firing the corresponding amount of fossil fuel in it. Thus, a power plant with integrated biomass co-firing has a lower net CO2 c

12、ontribution over conventional coal-fired plants.Biomass co-firing is one technology that can be implemented immediately in nearly all coal-fired power plants in a relatively short period of time and without the need for