[雙語(yǔ)翻譯]節(jié)能建筑外文翻譯--節(jié)能建筑中氣凝膠玻璃的前景

1、4700 英文單詞， 英文單詞，2.6 萬(wàn)英文字符，中文 萬(wàn)英文字符，中文 8000 字文獻(xiàn)出處： 文獻(xiàn)出處：Perspective of aerogel glazings in energy efficient buildings[J]. Building and Environment, 2016, 95:405-413.Perspective of aerogel glazings in energy efficient buil

2、dingsTao Gao, Takeshi Ihara, Steinar Grynning, Bjørn Petter Jelle,Anne Gunnarshaug LienAbstractThe application perspective of aerogel glazings in energy efficient buildings has been discussed by evaluating their ene

3、rgy efficiency, process economics, and environmental impact. For such a purpose, prototype aerogel glazing units have been assembled by incorporating aerogel granules into the air cavity of corresponding double glazing u

4、nits, which enables an experimental investigation on their physical properties and a subsequent numerical simulation on their energy performance. The results show that, compared to the double glazing counterparts, aeroge

5、l glazings can contribute to about 21% reduction in energy consumptions related to heating, cooling, and lighting; payback time calculations indicate that the return on investment of aerogel glazing is about 4.4 years in

6、 a cold climate (Oslo, Norway); moreover, the physical properties and energy performance of aerogel glazings can be controlled by modifying the employed aerogel granules, thus highlighting their potential over other glaz

7、ing technologies for window retrofitting towards energy efficient buildings. The results also show that aerogel glazings may have a large environmental impact related to the use of silica aerogels with high embodied ener

8、gies and po- tential health, safety and environment hazards, indicating the importance of developing guidelines to regulate the use of aerogel glazings.Keywords: Silica aerogel ;Window ;Glazing; Energy efficient building

9、 ;Environmental impact1. IntroductionAs an important building element in modern architecture, windows allow light, solar energy, and fresh air to promulgate the living area and offer an irreplaceable indooreoutdoor inte

10、raction, thus having a huge impact on the occupant comfort. However, the fact that windows are usually made of clear glass may bring with some drawbacks, such as glare and solar overheating, which may degrade the user co

11、mfort and increase the energy consumption of buildings [1]. Another issue associated with clear glass windows is their poor thermal insulation performance compared to other building envelope components such as walls or r

12、oofs. In general, windows represent a large thermal bridge and can constitute up to 45% of the total energy loss though the building envelope [2]. Consequently, improving the thermal insulation level of windows has witho

13、ut doubt been an important research topic [1e3]. Highly insulating glazing units or windows with U-values (heat transfer coefficient) lower than 0.7 W/(m2K) have been under rapid development [2]; commercial products such

14、 as multilayered windows [4,5] and aerogel glazings [6-8] have been sold for a wide range of applications, i.e., for both new buildings and window renovations towards energy efficient buildings.Aerogel glazings are an

15、 interesting glazing technology and may address simultaneously the energy efficiency and user comfort requirement placed on windows [6-9]. Aerogel glazings are architecturally similar to the conventional double glazings,

16、 where the air cavity between the two clear glass panes is filled with silica aerogels with low thermal conductivities (about 0.013 and 0.020 W/(mK) for monolithic and granular aerogels, respectively) [8,9]. Aeroge

17、l glazings have usually a high level of thermal insulation and a typical U-value of about 0.6 W/(m2K) can mm. The as-prepared AGUs were thereafter aged in air at 25 ℃ for 2 weeks and followed by another 2 week aging at 5

18、0 ℃ to harden completely the silicon sealant. Small sized AGU samples (glazing area ~4 cm2) were also prepared and used for the optical measurement purpose.Fig. 1. Photograph of (a) silica aerogel granules and (b) the as

19、sembled aerogel glazing unit (dimensions 475 mm × 325 mm). Scale bar in panel a: 10 mm. The wrinkle pattern in the aerogel glazing unit results from the assembly process [9].2.2. CharacterizationThermal conductivity

20、 of aerogel granules was measured by using a heat flow meter method, which was performed according to ISO 8301 [19] and EN 12667 [20]. As shown in Fig. 2, the sample was enclosed in an EPS (expanded polystyrene) ring and

21、 sandwiched between the two heat flux sensors. Preset temperature for the hot (top) and cold side (bottom) was 20 and 0 ℃, respectively. Thermal properties (i.e., thermal resistance, conductivity, and transmittance) of t

22、he as-prepared AGUs were also evaluated by using the same experimental setup. Here, the AGUs were treated as a homogeneous material system with high thermal resistance, which is similar to that used for vacuum insulation

23、 panels [21].Fig. 2. Experimental setup for the heat flow meter measurements. An EPS (expanded polystyrene) ring is used to enclose the aerogel granules; the measureable dimensions are about 450 mm × 450 mm × 5

24、0 mm.Optical properties (transmittance and reflectance) of the asprepared glazing units were evaluated from 290 to 2500 nm on a PerkinElmer Lambda 1050 UV/VIS/NIR spectrophotometer with a 150 mm Integrating Sphere Access

25、ory, which operates in double beam mode in the specular include (8°/h) or specular exclude (8°/d) geometries. Reflectance spectra were calibrated with a 2.0“ Labsphere diffuse reflectance standard.2.3. Energy s

26、imulationEnergy Plus (version 8) was used to estimate the energy consumption (heating, cooling, and lighting) of an office building located in Oslo. A simplified simulation was used to evaluate the energy performance of