[雙語(yǔ)翻譯]施工安全外文翻譯--施工安全人員對(duì)安全培訓(xùn)實(shí)踐的看法

1、6800 英文單詞， 英文單詞，3.8 萬(wàn)英文字符，中文 萬(wàn)英文字符，中文 11500 字文獻(xiàn)出處： 文獻(xiàn)出處：Demirkesen S, Arditi D. Construction safety personnel's perceptions of safety training practices[J]. International Journal of Project Management, 2015, 33(5): 1

2、160-1169.Construction safety personnel's perceptions of safety training practicesSevilay Demirkesen, David ArditiAbstractThe effectiveness of safety training practices is an important part of safety management on a c

3、onstruction site. Safety professionals’ perceptions of the effectiveness of training practices in safety training sessions were sought in a survey administered to the top 400 contractors in the U.S. The study shows that

4、contractors are sensitive to organizational, feedback, content, process, and worker issues. Whenever they encounter language problems, they use visual aids, and provide translators and safety guidelines written in worker

5、s’ own language. Very few statistically significant differences are observed when the findings are analyzed from the point of view of the demographic characteristics of the respondents. The contribution of this study is

6、that it conveys the views of safety personnel about how safety learning can be achieved, sustained and improved by addressing organizational, feedback, content, process, and worker issues in training sessions. It provide

7、s project managers with best practices in safety training sessions.Keywords: Safety performance; Safety training; Learning; Training language1. IntroductionConstruction is considered to be a risky endeavor because of the

8、 high frequency of work-related fatalities and serious injuries. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) (2013a), the number of fatal work injuries in the U.S. was reported as 4628 in 2012, and 806 of these wer

9、e recorded in the construction industry, while the total number of non-fatal cases was 905,690 in the same year with 71,730 of those recorded in the construction industry. Given the high proportion of fatal and non-fatal

10、 accidents occurring in the construction industry, construction companies constantly seek different and novel strategies to reduce the number of work-related accidents.The construction safety literature shows that resear

11、chers mostly focus on safety performance on construction sites and on ways to minimize the number and severity of accidents. For example, Huang and Hinze (2003) investigated construction worker falls and found that falls

12、 represent a high proportion of construction accidents that result in fatalities. Esmaeil et al. (2012) developed a framework to investigate the effectiveness of fall protection systems in roofing projects. In another st

13、udy conducted by Janicak (2008), the number of fatalities caused by electrocutions was found to be higher for workers in the age group 16–19, and that 125 fatalities could be prevented through effective lockout–tagout pr

14、ograms and verification of energy isolation. As evidenced by these few examples and many others, in general, the literature highlights the importance of the development of effective strategies in preventing work accident

15、s in the construction industry. One such strategy that is mentioned often in the literature is formal, well organized and effective safety training. Effective safety training may lower accident rates, but there are sever

16、al challenges associated with safety training that need to be overcome by construction companies. The extent to which workers' learning experiences are affected in safety training sessions and the extent to which wor

17、kers learn safe practices in training sessions is among these challenges. Furthermore, the language barrier experienced by non-English speaking workers is a common factor that interferes with learning in safety training.

18、 However, the perceptions of safety personnel about training practices, and about the problems caused by the language barrier in safety training sessions are rarely investigated.competition for performance and the negati

19、ve consequences of failure.It is to be noted that safety training is negatively affected by factors such as economic downturns, limited training budgets, and unpredictable product and technical innovations (Furnham,2005)

20、.Additionally, the efficiency of safety training programs depends on organizational, feedback, content, process, and worker-related issues.Organizational issues consist of the firm's structure, middle management'

21、s commitment to safety, and the effectiveness of safety trainers in improving the quality of training sessions. Bontis et al. (2002), Sicilia and Lytras (2005), and Pham and Swierczek (2006) assert that a supportive firm

22、 structure results in knowledge transfer and motivates workers to learn quickly and capture the necessary information in an effective manner in safety training sessions. According to Jaselskis et al. (1996), and O'To

23、ole (2002), middle management's commitment to safety training results in experiencing lower injury rates and helps with improving a company's safety culture. Concerning the qualifications of a trainer, OSHA stand

24、ards mandate that a trainer is considered to be qualified if he/she has previously completed a training program on the subject to be instructed. Furthermore, these trainers are expected to possess relevant academic crede

25、ntials and teaching experience (OSHA, 2013).Feedback issues play an important role in improved safety performance. Indeed, according to Furnham (2005), safety performance is enhanced by accurate and timely feedback becau

26、se feedback reinforces safety learning. Also, Loosemore (1998) conducted research about the psychological mechanisms that cause poor safety performance in construction companies and found that feedback should be continuo

27、us to achieve actual safety performance that is aligned with planned performance. Therefore, feedback issues deserve special attention in conducting safety training.Issues related to the content of training sessions cons

28、ist of goal setting before conducting safety training and developing the safety training content with respect to worker needs and interests. A well-designed content that addresses worker needs and interests results in hi

29、gher efficiency during training sessions as workers start with different levels of knowledge (Tam and Fung, 2012). Therefore, designing safety training content requires an in-depth analysis of the materials, methods and

30、processes that are perceived by workers to be of importance to safety.Issues related to the training process may have significant impact on the effectiveness of safety training. The use of visual aids in the training ses

31、sion deserves special attention. Miller et al. (2012) emphasize that the use of 4D and 5D visualization tools helps to increase the knowledge gained in training sessions. Also, observing worker practices after training s

32、essions could indicate how much workers learned in the training session.Worker-related issues include encouraging worker awareness about safety issues, promoting pride in work completed without accidents, and motivating

33、workers through frequent and effective training meetings. Workers who are part of an effectively trained team take pride in their firm if projects are completed with a great safety record (Bontis et al., 2002). Han et al

34、. (2008) studied critical factors and possible solutions to motivate foreign construction workers and found that one of the measures to be taken to motivate foreign construction workers was training for better communicat

35、ion. Wanberg et al.'s (2013) study revealed that the promotion of safety and quality can be achieved through strategies such as assigning resources to preplanning, motivating leadership at workplace, and motivating w