光合細菌法處理高濃度有機廢水技術研究.pdf

1、摘要、本研究以糖蜜酒精廢水和人工模擬廢水為研究對象，高有機物廢水的研究。研究內(nèi)容主要包括:1.光合細菌法進行了光合細菌法處理含硫酸鹽、高氮、(可溶化段和光合細菌段)工藝參數(shù)研究2.光合細菌法有機物、氮、硫等的轉化和降解的途徑及機理研究3.硫酸鹽的存在對光合細菌法的影響及其控制方法脫氮的可行性和方法:4研究光合細菌法去除總氮的機理和影響因素，探討光合細菌法實現(xiàn)生物5.光合細菌段反應器型式比選:6.可溶化段和光合細菌肆的微生物相研，.光合細

2、菌法處理出水的后續(xù)處理技術研究8.光合細菌法技術經(jīng)濟分析。r研究結果表明:1.甜菜制糖糖蜜酒精廢水中的污染物以溶解性污染物為主，具有pH值低、有機物卜有機氮及硫酸鹽含量很高及可生化性較好等特點。2.糖蜜酒精廢水微氧生物膜法可溶化段(DO0.5mgL“)研究表明:進水COD10000mgU，左右，容積負荷17.161.4kgCODm“d“，條件下，有機物的去除率隨負荷的升高而降低。進水容積負荷越低，可溶化出水的BODsCOD后續(xù)光合細菌段

3、不利:在高負荷條件下(51.7kgCODmd)值降低越多，最低降至。2左右，對微氧可溶化段可以略微提高廢水的BODsCOD值。在微氧可溶化段產(chǎn)酸的同時發(fā)生著有機酸消耗過程，容積負荷越低，耗酸程度越高。本研究引入出水有機酸含量n，評價可溶化段酸化效果，高容積負荷和高進水濃度條件出水的幾v隊值較高，n，值高的可溶化出水對后續(xù)光合細菌段較為有利。微氧條件下可溶化段的氨化過程基本不受容積負荷和進水濃度影響:容積負荷越低可溶化段內(nèi)耗氨程度越高，其

4、表觀氨化率越低。微氧可溶化反應器保持較高的容積負荷、較高的進水濃度、溶解氧為。.40.5mgL“，時，可以取得較好的酸化和氨化的效果、部分抑制硫酸鹽的還原，同時還可達到一定程度的同步硝化反硝化。3.糖蜜酒精廢水生物膜法光合細菌段研究表明:光合細菌段進水濃度(COD40008000mgL“)和容積負荷(2.04.4kgCODm“3d“1，對PSB1反應器而言容積負荷為4.08.8kgCODM3d)變化范圍較大，但光合細菌段均能有效的去除有

5、機物〔兩級反應器出水溶解性COD去除率分別為7383%和77^83%。出水溶解性BOD，的去除率分別為8999%和9699%)。僅需去除有機物時，光合細菌段保持不高的溶解氧(0.51.OmgL)和一級反應器即可。光合細菌降解有機物的能力和適應環(huán)境(進水濃度、反應器內(nèi)pH值和溶解氧濃度)的能力較強。光合細菌段的PSB1和PSB2反應器內(nèi)均存在同步硝化反硝化過程，同步硝化反硝化的脫氮率可達4868%。光合細菌段內(nèi)總氮去除率可達6070%，總

6、氮去除主要依靠同步硝化反硝化脫氮。可溶化段中硫酸鹽還原反應生成的硫化物在PSB1反應器內(nèi)又被氧化為硫酸鹽。4人工模擬廢水生物膜法光合細菌段脫氮研究表明:在進水氨氮負荷高達。.26kgNH十一M3d“，進水氨氮濃度為325mgL.左右或650mgL“，左右條件下，在生物膜法光合細菌反應器內(nèi)可以取得較好的硝化和同步反硝化效果氨氮的去除率最高可達99%同步硝化反硝化脫氮率最高可達64%隨著光合細菌反應器控制的條件不同，在兩個反應器內(nèi)均可進行同

7、步硝化反硝化。5.生物膜法光合細菌段進水的硫化物濃度較高時(本研究中為65.3mgL“)對其有機物降解影響不大，但將抑制系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的硝化過程。6.糖蜜酒精廢水懸浮法光合細菌段研究表明:進水COD容積負荷為2.52kgCODm3d“〔以反應周期22h計)，進水COD濃度為8000mgL“左右，出水的溶解性COD和BOD5去除率分別可達84.5%和98.4%。但由于污泥的沉降性能很差，出水中攜帶大量污泥，出水水質(zhì)較差。系統(tǒng)氨氮和總氮去除率均較低

8、，分別為44.8%和56.0%。由于泥齡過短(4.5d)硝化過程無法進行，基本上沒有SND途徑脫氮。7，對懸浮法光合細菌段系統(tǒng)內(nèi)污泥采取局部污泥集中、減少擾動的措施，使反應器內(nèi)存在污泥濃度梯度和食料比FM梯度，歷時25天，系統(tǒng)內(nèi)生成了顆粒污泥。由于污泥沉降性能得到改善，出水含泥量大大下降，出水水質(zhì)改善。系統(tǒng)氨氮和總氮的去除率分別為99.2%和82.3%?？偟コ闹饕緩綖镾ND脫氮。系統(tǒng)去除有機物所需時間(9h)較懸浮法縮短40%，有

9、機物的去除速率較懸浮法提高70%08.微氧可溶.ABSTRACTInsugarproductionprocessbeetsugarmolassescanbeusedasarawmaterialfordistillation.AftertheextractionpHandahighdistillationsolutionofalcoholresidualstrengthofsolublepoatmentstrategywithisdisc

10、hargedlutantssuchasorganiccarbonaswastewater.Itexhibitsaloworganicnitrogenandsulfate.A‘traditionalanaerobicprocesswouldencountersomeproblems.HighconcentrationofsulfatewilproductsulfidewillimposePSBprocess(photosyntheticl

11、interferewithMPB(methanetoxicityonMPB.Bothofthembacteriaprocess)wasintroducedproducingbacteria)anditsreductionleadtoalowandunstableperformance.andstudiedhere.Itisusuallyconsistedoftwophases:solubilizedphaseprocessandPSBp

12、hase.Inthewhichisquitesimilartohydrolysisandacidificationofanaerobicfirstphaselargeorganicmoleculesarehydrolyzedtosmallermoleculesespeciallylowmolecularfattyacids.InthefollowingPSBphasephotosyntheticbacteriacanefficientl

13、ybreakdowntheorganicacidstoCOzandH2O.Thisprocessisrequirementwhencharacterizedbyitshighofhighorganicstrength.ThefeasibilityandperformanceofaPSBprocesswerestudiedmapuotscalesystemwimOouirawwastewaterfrombeetsugarmolassesd

14、istillationandsvntheticwastewater.Suspendedgrowthisoften即pliedinPSBphase(the2“dphaseofPSBprocess).Sincephotosyntheticbacteriagrowindividuallyinmixedliquordificultiesinclarificationoftreatedeffluentandrecoveryofbacteriali

15、mititsapplication.SoheretwodiferentPSBphasesattachedgrowthPSBphaseandsuspendedgrowthPSBphaseweresetupandstudied.LatersludgegranulationwaspromotedandinvestigatedinsuspendedgrowthPSBphase.Someimportantfindingswerelistedbel

16、ow:1.Resultsofthestudyonthesolubilizedphase:5diferentorganisloadingsvaryingfrom17.161.4kgCODmd1wereinvestigatedwheninfluentCODisaround10decreasingorganic000mgT.1.OrganicremovalefficiencyincreasedbutBODSJCODloading.WhenBO

17、Ds(CODratiodroppedto枯ItbecameunfavorabletothefollowingPSBphasebecause0.2拍nymostfattyacidsacidswerethedecreasedwithawereconsumed.mostfavorablesubstrateforphotosyntheticbacteria.Sinceacidificationratherthanremovaloforganic

18、materwasthe內(nèi).mainpurposeofthisphaseqvFA(organicacidcontent)wasproposeuu。二as。payauc、。evaluatetheperformanceofthisphase.Intheanoxicenvironmentofthesolubilzedphaseaconsumptionoforganicacidwasobserved.Furthermorethelowertheo

19、rganicloadingwasthemoretheconsumptionandthelowertheqvFAwas.Thisindicatedthatarelativelyhighorganicloadingshouldbeappliedforthesolubilizdphaseinordertomaintainafavorable“organicacidcontent”forthePSBphase.Ammoniationoforga

20、nicnitrogenmainlyoccurredinthisphase.Nearlynonegativeinfluenceoforganicloadingonammoniationwasobserved.Butataloworganicloadingnitrificationwouldoccurtosomeextent.ForthisphaseahighorganicloadingandlowDOlevelof0.4.0.5mgL，w

21、ouldprovideagoodenvironmentforacidificationammoniationandinhibitionofsulfatereduction2.AtwostageattachedgrowthPSBohaseshowedgoodcarbonaceousremovaleficiencv.Whenganicloaningvaneurrom.u4.4Klztuijin一a。JJULJsremovalerricien

22、evrme1Sts1‘1一stageanoYJtSL(‘stage)was8YYY%oanoYoYY%o.resDectiveiv.lhismoldedthatonestagewithlowvulevel(u.JlmmgL)isaaequatetoachievecartonaceousremoval.SNU(SimultaneousNitrificationandDenitrification)wasalsoobservedinboth

23、stagesofPSBphasefromthenitrogenbalance.Thetotalnitrogenremovalwas6070%andnitrogenremovalduetoSNDwas4868%.ThereforeSNDwasthemajorcontributortonitrogenremoval.3.FromthefurtherstudyonSNDwithsyntheticwastewateritisshownthatu

24、ndernitrogenloadingof0.26kgNHNm“d“1ammoniaremovalwas99%andnitrogenremovalviaSNDwas64%ItdependedonDOlevelwhethernitrificationoccurredinthePSB)andPSB2stage.ButahighDOlevelwouldimposenegativeinfluenceondenitrificationperfor

25、manceandconsequentlylowerthenitrogenremoval.4.Whensulfideconcentrationintheefluentfromsolubilized助aseincreasedtoahighlevel(65.3mgSL“)noadverseimpactwasfoundonattachedgrowthPSBphasewithrespecttoorganiccarbonelimination.Bu

26、tnitrificationwasinhibitedduetothetoxicityofsulfide.5.Highremovaloforganicmaterinsuspendedgrowthr613phasewasalsoachieved.WhenCODloadingwas2.52kgCODmd“removalefficiencyofsolubleCODandBODSwas84.5%and98.4%respectively.Butbe