外文翻譯---低成本纖維纏繞機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)與制造

1、Design and fabrication of low cost filament winding machineF.H. Abdalla, S.A. Mutasher, Y.A. Khalid, S.M. Sapuan *,A.M.S. Hamouda, B.B. Sahari, M.M. HamdanB.AbstractIn general, the composite pipes are fabricated using gl

2、ass fiber and polyester resin matrix by hand lay-up and also by 2-axis filament winding machine. In this work, a filament winding machine was designed and developed for the fabrication of pipes and round shape specimens.

3、 A lathe-type machine and a wet winding method were used in the design of the machine. It provides a capability for producing pipe specimens with an internal diameter up to 100 mm and lengths up to 1000 mm. The range of

4、the winding angle, or the fiber orientation angle, starts from 20 to 90 depending on the mandrel diameter used. Mandrel speed is kept constant as 13.6 revolutions per minute (rpm) while the speed of screw of delivery u

5、nit varies from 0 rpm to a maximum of 250 rpm. In the filament winding process used, a single glass roving is drawn through a bath of pre-catalyzed resin which is mounted on the lead screw by the rotating mandrel. A cont

6、rol unit was used to control the whole process and achieve regular winding and good surface finish. Tube samples and other circular specimens of different dimensions were produced using this machine for the different mec

7、hanical tests and applications.Keywords: Filament winding; Composite tube; Glass fiber; Matrix; Fiber orientation angle1. IntroductionFilament winding has emerged as the primary process for composite cylindrical structur

8、es fabrication at low cost. In this process, composite layers are successively wound on a rotating mandrel, as presented in Fig. 1.The layers may be wrapped at different angles varying from hoop layers, which are perpend

9、icular to the cylinder axis, to helical layers which are at an angle to the cylinder axis. The construction of composite cylinder by filament winding consists of three major steps [1], the first is the design, which incl

10、udes the selection of materials, geometry, and fiber orientations while the second is fiber placement, the mechanical means by which the fibers are placed in their proper positions. Finally, the third is the selection an

11、d control of conditions which must be maintained during the mid-1970s, machine design once again made a dramatic shift. This time the advancement of servo technology entered the realm of the machine design. High-speed co

12、mputers allowed for rapid data processing, resulting in smoother motion and greater fiber placement accuracy. The 1980s and 1990s saw the increased use of computer technology. Computers and motion control cards became th

13、e essential pieces of hardware that were included in almost every machine. Machine speed control was greatly improved; computer control systems could track position and velocity with increased accuracy. Additional axes o

14、f motions were also incorporated into machine design;allowing for four, five and even six axes of controlled motion.2. Manufacturing techniquesThe properties of a composite product are not only dependent on the properti

15、es of fiber and resin matrix, but are also dependent on theway by which they are processed.There are a variety of processing techniques for fabricatingcomposite parts/structure; resin transfer moulding, autoclave mouldin

16、g, pultrusion and filament winding. Out of these processes, filament winding involves low cost and is the fastest technique for manufacturing of fiber reinforced cylindrical components as high-pressure pipes and tanks.3.

17、 Winding methodsThere are two different winding methods: (I) wet winding, in which the fibers are passed through a resin bath and wound onto a rotating mandrel (II) prepreg winding, in which the preimpregnated fiber tows

18、 are placed on the rotating mandrel. Among these winding methods, wet winding is more common and widely used for manufacturing fiber reinforced thermosetting matrix composite cylinders. Compared with prepreg winding,wet

19、winding has several advantages: low material cost; short winding time; and the resin formulation which can be easily varied to meet specific requirements.3.1. Winding patternsIn filament winding process, the winding tens

20、ion can easily be controlled. Winding tension, winding angle and/or resin content in each layer of reinforcement can be varied until the desired thickness and strength of the composite are achieved. The properties of the

21、 finished composite can be varied by the type of winding pattern selected. In general, there are three basic filament winding patterns which are as follows.3.1.1. Hoop windingIt is known as the girth or circumferential w