外文翻譯---汽車差速器小齒輪軸的失效分析（英文）

1、Failure analysis of an automobile differential pinion shaftH. Bayrakceken *Afyon Kocatepe University, Technical Education Faculty, 03200 Afyon, TurkeyReceived 8 July 2005; accepted 14 July 2005 Available online 2 Septemb

2、er 2005AbstractDifferential is used to decrease the speed and to provide moment increase for transmitting the movement coming from the engine to the wheels by turning it according to the suitable angle in vehicles and to

3、 provide that inner and outer wheels turn differently. Pinion gear and shaft at the entrance are manufactured as a single part whereas they are in different forms according to automobile types. Mirror gear which will wor

4、k with this gear should become familiar before the assembly. In case of any breakdown, they should be changed as a pair. Generally, in these systems there are wear damages in gears. The gear inspected in this study has d

5、amage as a form of shaft fracture. In this study, failure analysis of the differential pinion shaft is carried out. Mechanical characteristics of the material are obtained first. Then, the microstructure and chemical com

6、positions are determined. Some fractographic studies are carried out to asses the fatigue and fracture conditions. ? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Keywords: Differential; Fracture; Power transfer; Pinion shaft1.

7、 IntroductionThe final-drive gears may be directly or indirectly driven from the output gearing of the gearbox. Di- rectly driven final drives are used when the engine and transmission units are combined together to form

8、 an integral construction. Indirectly driven final drives are used at the rear of the vehicle being either sprung and attached to the body structure or unsprung and incorporated in the rear-axle casing. The final-drive g

9、ears are used in the transmission system for the following reasons [1]:(a) to redirect the drive from the gearbox or propeller shaft through 90? and, (b) to provide a permanent gear reduction between the engine and the d

10、riving road-wheels.1350-6307/$ - see front matter ? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2005.07.019* Tel.: +90 272 228 1311; fax: +90 272 228 1319. E-mail address: bceken@aku.edu.tr.Engineer

11、ing Failure Analysis 13 (2006) 1422–1428www.elsevier.com/locate/engfailanalFig. 2. Technical drawing of the analysed pinion shaft.Fig. 3. The picture of the undamaged differential pinion analysed in the study.Fig. 4. Pho