[雙語翻譯]建筑室內(nèi)設計外文翻譯--自然對建筑室內(nèi)設計的影響（英文）

1、 Procedia Environmental Sciences 34 ( 2016 ) 573 – 581 1878-0296 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licens

2、es/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of IEREK, International experts for Research Enrichment and Knowledge Exchange doi: 10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.050 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirec

3、tImproving Sustainability Concept in Developing CountriesNature Influences on Architecture Interior Designsa Shaimaa El-Ghobashy, b Gihan Mosaad*a Shaimaa El-ghobashy,54 Farouk Abdelwahab st.-Sidy beshr, Alexandria 12345

4、6, Egypt b Gihan Mosaad, 11 Abou Rafii st.-Roushdy, Alexandria 123456, EgyptAbstractConcept is on the most important and primary elements during the design process. Through the history, nature has been always a source of

5、 inspiration for the human begin in different aspects of their life. Architecture interiors as one of the remarkable features in every society cannot be separated from nature. Nowadays architects and interior designers

6、are constructing buildings without having a specific target or goal which decreases the value of the buildings. Various designers have been using concepts inspired from nature but still there are some missing parts in

7、one of their forms, function, or structure. Therefore, the best solution for the architects and designers to increase the optimization in their design works is looking at the nature in every aspect deeper and try to ap

8、ply them in their conceptual design of their project which is the heart of the design process while other architects have neglected concepts of nature despite that the surrounding environment and nature always influence

9、s human perception. The aim of this research is to understand the relationship between nature and human perception and the role that nature plays in architectural interiors to achieve buildings integrated with the surr

10、ounding environment. Also it draws attention of architects to nature and inspiration from nature in different perspectives. This paper presents projects having different concepts in architectural and interior design to

11、 make guidelines for designing buildings integrated with nature through example analysis. This paper concludes the importance of making a complete integration between the building exterior, interior and the surrounding

12、nature by using a clear natural concept from the surrounding environment to be solving the design problems. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of IEREK, International ex

13、perts for Research Enrichment and Knowledge Exchange.Keywords: Nature, concept, metaphor and human;* Corresponding author. Tel.: +2-010-665-336-53, +2-012-239-646-49. E-mail address: Shaimaa-elghobashy@hotmail.com, Gihan

14、_mosaad@hotmail.com© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility o

15、f IEREK, International experts for Research Enrichment and Knowledge Exchange575Shaimaa El-Ghobashy and Gihan Mosaad / Procedia Environmental Sciences 34 ( 2016 ) 573 – 581 Contemporary architects reach developed

16、, effective meanings by making mental shifts between verbal and visual metaphors. Metaphors play at important role in formation of identity. Creative metaphors enrich a certain cultural environment by adding new meanin

17、gs 10.3. Definition of architectural environmental metaphorThere exist different definitions for the word “metaphor” by architects and designers; it has been defined as direct comparison between two or more seemingly un

18、related subjects 11. Charles Jecks confirms that interpretation on Metaphor in architecture is easier than that in verbal language because it contains local codes agreed by the community. Christine Wonoseputro consider

19、ed metaphor as transformation process from abstracts into material or visual image 4.Nezih Ayiran defined metaphor as “imaginative rationality” appears to be quite appropriate tools for solving problems since they unit

20、e rationality and imagination 10. Oswald Mathias called for the power of metaphor in design to act as a tool for creative architectural design 4.3.1. Types and sources of metaphorThere are two types of metaphors; direct

21、 metaphor which is headed the metaphor form to harmony with the surrounding and with the receiver by the form stimulation to objects seen before and became familiar and a part of the memory and indirect metaphor which

22、borrows the objective principles that guide the environmental composition (topology..). There exist different sources of metaphor such as: from architecture or outside architecture such as: literature, religious, envir

23、onment, art and man-made 4.3.2. Appearance and importance of metaphorDesigns influenced by metaphor was originated through a philosophical story for the legend of Spake Zarathustra, who lived in the mountains and isolat

24、ed from people, the legend influenced the architects at that time and started to appear on the work of the expressionist architects in Germany. After a period of time European architects were influenced by the drawings

25、 and started creating a new type of architecture inspired by the shape of the mountains and started extracting the function of the design from it 4.New design metaphors are capable of creating new understanding and ther

26、efore, new realities. It creates new architecture integrated with the environment to achieve human needs and satisfaction. It approaches building forms to the elements in nature to be familiar for human being. It is an

27、 important and effective tool for creativity and it gives the ability for designers to express their own ideas and find several design solutions 13.4. Historical development of architectural environmental metaphor4.1. A

28、rchitectural interior and metaphorFrom the beginning of creation, human being was surrounded by nature. Nature has been a source of inspiration for human being in different aspects of their life and it can be a reflecti

29、on of a person's beliefs and desires 2. Human is considered a part of the surrounding nature and also the surrounding environment has an impact on human 15. The effects of the environment on human are through respo