基于fpga的任意波形發(fā)生器的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)-畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文

1、摘要基于基于FPGAFPGA的任意波形發(fā)生器的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)的任意波形發(fā)生器的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)DesignDesignRealizationRealizationofofthetheArbitraryArbitraryWavefmWavefmGeneratGeneratBasedBasedononFPGAFPGA摘要任意波形發(fā)生器是不斷發(fā)展的數(shù)字信號(hào)處理技術(shù)和大規(guī)模集成電路工藝蘊(yùn)育出來(lái)的一種新型測(cè)量?jī)x器，能夠滿(mǎn)足人們對(duì)各種復(fù)雜信號(hào)或特殊信號(hào)的需求

2、，代表了信號(hào)源的發(fā)展方向。可編程門(mén)陣列（FPGA）具有高集成度、高速度、可重構(gòu)等特性。使用FPGA來(lái)開(kāi)發(fā)數(shù)字電路，可以大大縮短設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間，減小印制電路板的面積，提高系統(tǒng)的可靠性和靈活性。本課題將DDS、USB接口和虛擬儀器技術(shù)有機(jī)地結(jié)合在一起，以FPGA為硬件基礎(chǔ)，通過(guò)系統(tǒng)硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)、邏輯設(shè)計(jì)和軟件設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了一款基于FPGA的低成本、便攜式、可擴(kuò)展的即插即用任意波形發(fā)生器。本文系統(tǒng)的分析了DDS技術(shù)的基本組成、工作原理及其輸出信號(hào)的頻

3、譜特性，給出了改善合成信號(hào)頻譜純度的方法，為任意波形發(fā)生器的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)提供了理論指導(dǎo)。本課題從總體上規(guī)劃了任意波形發(fā)生器的硬件結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合DDS輸出信號(hào)的頻譜特性，設(shè)計(jì)了兩種濾波器對(duì)信號(hào)進(jìn)行濾波處理，并開(kāi)發(fā)了硬件平臺(tái)。以QuartusII軟件作為開(kāi)發(fā)工具，對(duì)CycloneII系列FPGA芯片EP2C5Q208C8實(shí)現(xiàn)的DDS結(jié)構(gòu)中的數(shù)字部分及該部分與USB接口進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)，并實(shí)現(xiàn)了波形的調(diào)幅、調(diào)頻及多種數(shù)字調(diào)制。在此基礎(chǔ)上，使用當(dāng)前流行的虛

4、擬儀器設(shè)計(jì)軟件LabWindowsCVI，利用計(jì)算機(jī)強(qiáng)大的計(jì)算和顯示功能，設(shè)計(jì)了任意波形發(fā)生器的操作面板。通過(guò)在操作面板上選擇正弦波、方波、三角波、鋸齒波、白噪聲等常規(guī)波形或者手動(dòng)繪制任意波形，并設(shè)置波形參數(shù)，進(jìn)而控制硬件系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)波形信號(hào)，充分體現(xiàn)了任意波形發(fā)生器的“任意性”。通過(guò)測(cè)試，證明本任意波形發(fā)生器達(dá)到了預(yù)期的設(shè)計(jì)要求。關(guān)鍵詞：直接頻率合成可編程門(mén)陣列通用串行總線(xiàn)虛擬儀器AbstractAbstractWiththeunce

5、asingdevelopmentofdigitalsignalprocessingtechniqueVLSItechnologyanewmeasureinstrument—arbitrarywavefmgenerat(AWG)comesintobeing.AWGcanmeetthedesireofcomplicatedspecialsignalwhichrepresentsthedevelopingdirectionofsignalso

6、urces.Fieldprogrammablegatearray(FPGA)hasthefeaturesoflargescaleintegrationhighwkingfrequencyreconfiguration.Itcangreatlyshtendesignperiodreducethesizeofprintedcircuitboard(PCB)improvesystemreliabilityflexibilitytodesign

7、digitalcircuitbyuseofFPGA.Bycombiningdirectfrequencysynthesis(DDS)universalserialbus(USB)virtualinstrumenteffectivelyalowcostptableextensibleAWGbasedonFPGAhasbeenrealized.Themaincontentsconsistofhardwaredesignlogicdesign

8、softwaredesignareoutlinedasfollows.ThethesissystematicallyintroducesthecompositionwkingprincipleofDDSanalyzesthespectrumacteristicsofitsoutputgivesthemethodsofreducingthenoisewhichpresentsthetheeticalguidancefdesignreali

9、zationofAWG.ThestructureofAWGisplannedfromtheoverallthecircuitispresented.ConsideringthespectrumacteristicsofDDS’soutputtwokindsoffiltersaredesignedtofiltersignalsunwanted.ThedigitalpartinDDSitsinterfacewithUSBaredesigne

10、dontheCycloneIIFPGAchipEP2C5Q208C8withQuartusII.Thisdigitalpartcanrealizeamplitudemodulation(AM)frequencymodulation(FM)severalkindsofdigitalmodulation.OnthisbasistakingadvantageofPC’spowerfulcalculationdisplayingcapabili

11、tywedesigntheoperationpanelofAWGwithLabWindowsCVI.Onthepanelusercanchooseconventionalwavessuchassinewavesquarewavetrianglewavesawtoothwavewhitenoiseect.drawwavesbyhsetwaveparameterstocontrolinstrunmentgeneratecresponding