工程管理專業(yè)英語(yǔ)第三章翻譯

1、?Chapter3LabMaterialEquipmentUtilization勞動(dòng)力、材料和設(shè)備利用3.1FactsAffectingJobSiteProductivity?影響工地生產(chǎn)率的因素?Jobsiteproductivityisinfluencedbymanyfactswhichcanbeacterizedeitheraslabacteristicsprojectwkconditionsasnonproductiveacti

2、vities.?影響工地生產(chǎn)率的因素很多，大致分為勞動(dòng)力特性、工程工作條件（環(huán)境）和非生產(chǎn)性活動(dòng)。?Thelabacteristicsinclude:?勞力特性包含：?Ageskillexperienceofwkfce?Leadershipmotivationofwkfce?員工的年齡、技能和工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)?員工的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力和動(dòng)力?Theprojectwkconditionsincludeamongotherfacts:?工程施工環(huán)境因素包括：?

3、Sobsizecomplexity工作規(guī)模和復(fù)雜性?Jobsiteaccessibility工作場(chǎng)地的易接近性?Labavailability勞力的可用性?Equipmentutilization設(shè)備的使用?Contractualagreements合同?Localclimate當(dāng)?shù)氐臍夂?Localculturalacteristicsparticularlyinfeignoperations當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕卣?，特別是海外工作的文化特征?

4、Thenonproductiveactivitiesassociatedwith（與…相關(guān)，與…聯(lián)系）aprojectmaymaynotbepaidbytheownerbuttheyneverthelesstakeuppotentiallabresources（占據(jù)可能的勞動(dòng)力資源）whichcanotherwisebedirectedtotheproject.?與項(xiàng)目有關(guān)的非生產(chǎn)型工作業(yè)主可以支付，也可以不支付，但他們占據(jù)潛在的勞動(dòng)力

5、資源，這些資源原本可以投入到項(xiàng)目中的.?Thenonproductiveactivitiesincludeamongotherfacts:?非生產(chǎn)型活動(dòng)包括：?Indirectlabrequiredtomaintaintheprogressoftheproject?維護(hù)工程進(jìn)度的間接性勞力?Rewkfcrectingunsatisfacty（不合格的）wk?不合格任務(wù)的返工?Temparywkstoppage（停工）duetoincle

6、ment（嚴(yán)酷的）weathermaterialshtage嚴(yán)酷的天氣或者物料缺乏導(dǎo)致的臨時(shí)停工?Timeofffunionactivities因工會(huì)活動(dòng)而休假?Absentee（缺勤）timeincludinglatestartearlyquits缺勤時(shí)間，包括遲到和早退?Nonwkingholidays節(jié)假日?Strikes罷工?勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率指數(shù)可以定義為不同工作條件下現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率和基準(zhǔn)勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率的比率，它是對(duì)新工作條件下的項(xiàng)目中

7、勞動(dòng)力相對(duì)效率的計(jì)量。?①Theeffectsofvariousfactsrelatedtowkconditionsonanewprojectcanbeestimatedinadvancesomemeaccuratelythanothers（指index）.?勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率指數(shù)（可以）比其他指標(biāo)更準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)估與新項(xiàng)目工作條件相關(guān)的各種影響因素。?Eg1：Theyshouldcheckthedaylightconditionsventilati

8、onindifferentweatherconditionsinadvanceifpossible.如果有條件的話應(yīng)提前提前對(duì)房屋在不同天氣狀況下的采光及通風(fēng)狀況進(jìn)行考察。eg：Anotherwasthatstartupshadtodecideinadvancehowmuchtoraise.另一個(gè)問題是創(chuàng)業(yè)公司必須提前提前確定籌資數(shù)目。?②Fexamplefverylargeconstructionprojectsthelabprodu

9、ctivityindextendstodecreaseastheprojectsizecomplexity(工程規(guī)模和或復(fù)雜性)increasebecauseoflogistic（邏輯的、后勤的）problems（后勤問題）the“l(fā)earning”thatthewkfcemustundergobefeadjustingtothenewenvironment.?logistic?AThinkingaboutLogisticProblem

10、ofArchitecturalFmalLanguage.對(duì)建筑形式語(yǔ)言邏輯問題邏輯問題的思考?TheProblemofLogisticIndustryDevelopmentinChinaPolicyRecommendation.我國(guó)物流物流產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展中的問題問題和政策建議logisticairsuppt空中后勤支援空中后勤支援?logisticbase供應(yīng)基地供應(yīng)基地?logisticsystem科學(xué)化后勤制度科學(xué)化后勤制度?課后注釋3：

11、對(duì)大型的建設(shè)項(xiàng)目，因?yàn)楹笄趩栴}和勞動(dòng)力在適應(yīng)新環(huán)境前必須經(jīng)過的學(xué)習(xí)過程，隨著項(xiàng)目規(guī)模和或復(fù)雜性的增長(zhǎng)，勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)力指數(shù)趨于下降。③Jobsiteaccessibilityoftenmayreducethelabproductivityindexifthewkersmustperfmtheirjobsinroundaboutwayssuchasavoidingtrafficinrepavingthehighwaysurfacemaintai

12、ningtheoperationofaplantduringrenovation.roundabout：繞大圈子的迂回的(路等)轉(zhuǎn)彎抹角的委婉的包圍著的廣泛包含的長(zhǎng)胖了的Eg：IhavehadsomeexperienceofthegreatCuff‘sroundaboutways.我對(duì)這位神通廣大的卡夫的門道門道也摸透了幾分。翻譯：如果工人們必須按（迂回、繞彎）規(guī)定的工作方式操作，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)輔助功能往往可能會(huì)降低勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)力指數(shù)，例如避免交通s

13、higu路面加鋪或在裝修過程中維持工廠運(yùn)營(yíng)。?Labavailabilityinthelocalmarketisanotherfact.?在本地市場(chǎng)的勞動(dòng)力可用性是另一個(gè)因素。?Shtageoflocallabwillfcethecontracttobringinnonlocallabscheduleovertimewkboth.?本地勞動(dòng)力短缺將迫使承建商引入非本地勞動(dòng)力或和安排加班工時(shí)。?Ineithercasethelabeffi

14、ciencywillbereducedinadditiontoincurringadditionalexpense.?在這兩種（引入非本地勞動(dòng)力或和安排加班工時(shí)）情況下，除了產(chǎn)生額外的費(fèi)用，勞動(dòng)效率將減少。?Thedegreeofequipmentutilizationmechanization(設(shè)備利用率和機(jī)械化)ofaconstructionprojectclearlywillhavedirectbearingonjobsitela