祈使句語法及練習(xí)題

1、祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、請(qǐng)求、建議或勸告的句子。其主語you常省略，謂語動(dòng)詞用原形，句末用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)，讀降調(diào)。1.肯定的祈使句（1）動(dòng)詞原形其他Stupplease.=Pleasestup.請(qǐng)起立。（2）Ben.adj.Beagoodboy!要做一個(gè)好孩子!Becareful!=Lookout!=Takecare!小心當(dāng)心！（3）Let賓語動(dòng)詞原形其它成分Letmehelpyou.讓我來幫你。Let’sgotoschooltoge

2、ther.咱們一起上學(xué)去吧。2.否定的祈使句(1)Dont動(dòng)詞原形Dontstup.別站起來。Dontbecareless.別粗心。Dontletthemplaywithfire.別讓他們玩火。（2）Let型的否定式有兩種:“Dontlet賓語動(dòng)詞原形其它成分”和“Let賓語not動(dòng)詞原形其它成分”。Dontlethimgo.Lethimnotgo.別讓他走。Letthemnotplaywithfire.別讓他們玩火。（3）no開頭用來

3、表示禁止性的祈使句。Nosmoking!禁止吸煙!Nofishing!禁止釣魚!3.祈使句的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助動(dòng)詞Do。例如：Doshutup!快住口！4.祈使句的回答祈使句的動(dòng)作通常是表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，所以回答祈使句時(shí)，一般用will或won’t。在回答具有否定意義的祈使句時(shí)，要注意兩點(diǎn)：1)形式一致(即Yes與will保持一致；No與won’t保持一致)2)意思相反(即Yes是“不”的意思；No是“是”的意思)。

4、在回答時(shí)，要注意分析上下文語境中所提供的條件。如：Don’tgooutplease.It’srainingheavilyoutside.請(qǐng)不要出去。外面雨下得很大。YesIwill.Ihavetomeetmybrotherattheairpt.不行，我得去機(jī)場(chǎng)接我弟弟。5.祈使句的反意疑問句(1)肯定祈使句的反意疑問句反問部分用willyou或wontyou。Pleaseopenthedowillwon’tyou請(qǐng)把門打開，好嗎？(2)

5、否定祈使句的反意疑問句反問部分只用willyou。Dontbelateagainwillyou別再遲到了，行不行？(3)以lets開頭的祈使句反意疑問句反問部分用shallwe。LetsturnontheTVshallwe我們把電視打開，好嗎？只有以lets開頭的祈使句的反意疑問句的反問部分才用shallwe，而letus開頭的祈使句的反意疑問句的反問部分應(yīng)為willyou或wontyou.如：Letusstayherewillwont

6、you請(qǐng)（你）讓我們留在這好嗎？17.Theyareverytired.Why________havearestAnottheyBdonottheyCdon’ttheyDnotto18Youlookrathertired.________stoppingtohavearestAllright.AWhynotBHowaboutCWhynottoDwhydon’t19______tellalie.AHardlyBNotCNoDNever20

7、.Please________lookoutside.Lookattheblackboard.AnotBdon’tCaren’tDcan’t三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Willyoupleasereaditagainmeslowly（改為祈使句）_______________againmeslowlyplease.2.IfyoudontlistentomeIllgo.（改為同義句）________________meI’llgo.3.Letswat

8、chthesptsgames.（改為反意疑問句）Letswatchthesptsgames____________4.Theteachersoftentellthestudentsnottobecareless.（改為祈使句）______________carelessplease.5.PleasesitnexttoNancy.（改為否定句）______________nexttoNancy.6.Dontfgettoturnoffthe

9、lightsplease.（改為反意疑問句）Dontfgettoturnoffthelights______________7.Ifyoumoveyoulldie.（改為同義句）_____________youlldie.8.Cometomyhousetomrow.（改為反意疑問句）Cometomyhousetomrow______________9.這是一個(gè)壞了的被子。（翻譯句子）Thisisa________________.10.

10、讓我們?nèi)蛶湍莻€(gè)哭泣的女孩吧。（翻譯句子）Let’sgohelpthe______________please.四、將下列漢語翻譯成英語。1.請(qǐng)照看好您的包。___________________________________________.2.讓我們?nèi)W(xué)校吧!____________________________________________!3.親愛的高興點(diǎn)兒!________________________________

11、____________!4.不要把書放這兒。____________________________________________.5.不要讓貓進(jìn)來。____________________________________________.參考答案一、填空題1.Dont’tbe2.Dont’tmake3.Dont’tspeakbe4.Don’ttalkread5.Don’tleave6.Look7.Give8.Don’tlet9.c

12、atch10.not_say二、單選題15.ABDBA610.CADBB1115BADAD1620BDADB三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Readit2.Listento3.shallwe4.Don’tbe5.Don’tsit6.willyou7.Don’tmove8.willwon’tyou9.brokenglasscup10.cryinggirl四、翻譯Key:1.Pleaselookafteryourbag.2.Letsgotoschool.3