過渡或轉(zhuǎn)型新興貨運中介機構(gòu)【外文翻譯】

1、1外文翻譯原文TransitiontransfmationEmergingfreighttransptationintermediariesMaterialSource:papers636.pdfAuth:JiongjiongSongAmeliaC.ReganInthispaperweexaminethedevelopmentofthisnewindustrydiscussitspromisepotentialimpactexamine

2、hurdlestoitssuccess.POTENTIALBENEFITSThepotentialbenefitsofonlinefreighttransptationintermediariesareenmous.Fsmallcarriersconvenientaccesstospotmarketscouldmakeahugedifferenceinprofitability–providingthecosttoaccessthese

3、marketsisreasonable.Methan70%oftruckingcompaniesoperatingintheU.S.in1998hadsixfewertrucks.Accesstoinexpensivetrackingtracingautomatedbillingfreightpaymentsystemswillallowsmallcarrierstooperatewithlittleadministrativeover

4、head.Manysmallcarrierswerealreadyactingassubcontractstolargercarriersthefactthattheserelationshipsaremovingonlineshouldonlymaketheserelationshipsmeefficient.Mediumsizedcarrierscouldalsobenefitfromparticipatinginmarketsth

5、atencouragegroupsofshipperscarrierstocollabate.Socalledcollabativeprivatelogisticswksinwhichonemeshipperonemecarriercooperatetocreateadenserwkcouldprovidesignificantaddedefficiencies.Ifissuesrelatedtoproprietaryinfmation

6、competitiveissuescanberesolvedtruckloadcarriersinparticularcouldbenefitthroughschedulingloadsfmultipleshipperssimultaneously.Largecarrierswillbenefitmostfromparticipationinclosedwkswhichfacilitateimprovedcommunication(we

7、bbasedEDIrathertraditionalEDI)whichallowthemtosubcontractsuboptimalloadsin(eitherpublicprivate)spotmarkets.Shippersmaybenefitfromopptunitiestotransfmsignificantptionsoftheirlessthantruckloadmovestotruckloadmoves.Smallmed

8、iumsizedshippersshouldhavesignificantlyreducedsearchcostswhentheyrequireaccesstospotmarkets.Thecostofservicesprovidedthroughboththespotmarketsauctionsshouldbelow.Whenpriceisthemainconcernthesemarketsmaybeveryattractive.T

9、heseshippersmayalsobenefitfromcreativecontractingarrangementsbeingofferedbysomeofthesecompanies.Fexampleatleastonecompanyis3competitionfromtheseelogisticsfirms.Theyhavebenefitedfyearsfrompossessinginfmationthatwasdifficu

10、lttoobtain.Intoday’sinfmationrichenvironmenttheywillbefcedtofindnewwaystoprovidevalueaddedservicestotheirclients.Finallysecurityofproprietaryinfmationonlinetransactionsreliabilityofsupplychainsinvolvingonemelayerofinterm

11、ediationisofgraveconcerntocarriersshippers3PLs.Onlineintermediariesarefindingcreativesolutionstoallofthesewriesnohelessthereisariskthancarriersshipperswillbeslowtojointhesemarketplacesthatmanywillnotbecomeprofitablebefet

12、heyrunoutofstartupfunds.Thiscreatesonemeseriousconcern–carriersshippers3PLswillbereluctanttosignonwithcompaniesthathaveatenuousfuture.Theywillbetryingtowkwiththeclearmarketleadersthoughtheseareverydifficulttoidentifyatth

13、isstage.MARKETGROWTHThefreighttransptationintermediarymarketincludesthirdpartylogisticscontractlogisticsfirmscustomsbrokersfreightfwardersfreightconsolidatsshippersassociationswhoarrangemanagethemovementofgoodsbetweenshi

14、pperscarriers.Inadditionitincludesthenewonlineservicesecommercefulfillmentcompanies.Hereweconsideronlythethirdpartylogisticsmarketthenewonlinemarketplacesaltogether.Theserviceofferingsofthesenewcompanieshaveconsiderableo

15、verlapwiththetraditional3PLindustry.Oneofthedifficultiesinestimatingthesizescopeofthe3PLindustryisthatitishardtodrawthelinebetween3PLsotherfreightintermediaries.Therearevariousestimatesofthetotalsizeofcurrent3PLmarketint

16、heU.S.theemergenceoftheonlinelogisticsproviderscomplicatesmattersfurther.Afairlyreliableestimateisthattherevenueofthirdpartylogisticsmarketiscurrentlyapproximately$64billioninU.S.withanother$75billiongloballyin2000.Thean

17、nualrevenuegrowthratehasbeeninthe1020%rangeoverthelastfiveyears.ItisnotclearhowmanyfirmsexactlyareprovidingthirdpartylogisticsservicescurrentlyinU.S.onesourcelistedover4003PLs.Ifweincludetheroughlytwohundredonlinelogisti

18、csprovidersthathaveemergedinthelastfewyearsweestimatethatthereareroughly600~7003PLsoperatinginU.S.Thesecompaniesvarywidelyinsize.AmongthembigplayerslikeC.H.RobinsonRyderlogisticshaveannualrevenuesofbillionsofdollarswitht