外文翻譯---jsp技術與主流java+ee開源框架(ssh)技術簡介

1、<p>　　本科畢業(yè)設計外文翻譯</p><p>　　JSP technology and mainstream open-source framework for JAVA EE</p><p>　　院（系、部）名 稱 ： **管理學院 </p><p>　　專 業(yè) 名 稱：信息管理與信息系統(tǒng) <

2、/p><p>　　學 生 姓 名： </p><p>　　學 生 學 號： </p><p>　　指 導 教 師： </p><p>　　20**年 5月 18日</p><p&

3、gt;　　JSP technology and mainstream open-source framework for JAVAEE</p><p>　　JSP Profile </p><p>　　JSP (Java Server Pages) is initiated by Sun Microsystems, Inc., with many companies to particip

4、ate in the establishment of a dynamic web page technical standards. JSP technology somewhat similar to ASP technology, it is in the traditional HTML web page document (*.htm, *. html) to insert the Java programming parag

5、raph (Scriptlet) and JSP tag (tag), thus JSP documents (*.jsp). Using JSP development of the Web application is cross-platform that can run on Linux, is also available for other operati</p><p>　　JSP technolo

6、gy to use the Java programming language prepared by the category of XML tags and scriptlets, to produce dynamic pages package processing logic. Page also visit by tags and scriptlets exist in the services side of the res

7、ources of logic. JSP page logic and web page design and display separation, support reusable component-based design, Web-based application development is rapid and easy.</p><p>　　Web server in the face of vi

8、sits JSP page request, the first implementation of the procedures of, and then together with the results of the implementation of JSP documents in HTML code with the return to the customer. Insert the Java programming op

9、eration of the database can be re-oriented websites, in order to achieve the establishment of dynamic pages needed to function.JSP and Java Servlet, is in the implementation of the server, usually returned to the client

10、is an HTML text, as long as the </p><p>　　JSP 1.0 specification of the final version is launched in September 1999, December has introduced 1.1 specifications. At present relatively new is JSP1.2 norms, JSP2

11、.0 norms of the draft has also been introduced. </p><p>　　JSP pages from HTML code and Java code embedded in one of the components. The server was in the pages of client requests after the Java code and then

12、 will generate the HTML pages to return to the client browser. Java Servlet JSP is the technical foundation and large-scale Web application development needs of Java Servlet and JSP support to complete. JSP with the Java

13、 technology easy to use, fully object-oriented, and a platform-independent and secure mainly for all the characteristics of the Int</p><p>　　2. J2EE Development Framework</p><p>　　Java2 Enterpri

14、se Edition middleware unified ideology played a significant role. For example, J2EE for distributed transaction management, directory services and messaging services provide a standard programming interface. J2EE-based -

15、Java2Standard Edition (J2SE), successfully access for Java provides a standard relational database.</p><p>　　But, as this article "J2EE programming of the lack of support", as mentioned, J2EEplatfo

16、rm does not provide a satisfactory application programming model. Sun and some of the major application server vendors wanted to use the development tools to reduce the complexity of J2EE development, but these tools are

17、 no other outstanding JAVA development tools, which have advanced refactoring tools, and. NET platform compared, J2EE tool support appeared to be very inferior.</p><p>　　Many J2EE development tools automatic

18、ally generate the code for the same complex as the tools themselves. In many small-scale J2EE open source community developers chose another way of development - some can be difficult to reduce the development of J2EE de

19、velopment framework, the more popular such as: Struts, Hibernate, and Spring Framework, J2EE project types in many of today they play an important the role.</p><p>　　2.1 Spring Framework</p><p>

20、　　The Spring Framework is an open source application framework for the Java platform.</p><p>　　The first version was written by Rod Johnson who released the framework with the publication of his book Expert

21、One-on-One J2EE Design and Development in October 2002. The framework was first released under the Apache 2.0 license in June 2003. The first milestone release, 1.0, was released in March 2004, with further milestone rel

22、eases in September 2004 and March 2005. The Spring 1.2.6 framework won a Jolt productivity award and a JAX Innovation Award in 2006. Spring 2.0 was released in October </p><p>　　The core features of the Spri

23、ng Framework can be used by any Java application, but there are extensions for building web applications on top of the Java EE platform. Although the Spring Framework does not impose any specific programming model, it ha

24、s become popular in the Java community as an alternative to, replacement for, or even addition to the Enterprise JavaBean (EJB) model.</p><p>　　Modules The Spring Framework comprises several modules that pro

25、vide a range of services:</p><p>　　Inversion of Control container: configuration of application components and lifecycle management of Java objects</p><p>　　Aspect-oriented programming: enables

26、implementation of cross-cutting routines</p><p>　　Data access: working with relational database management systems on the Java platform using JDBC and object-relational mapping tools</p><p>　　Tr

27、ansaction management: unifies several transaction management APIs and coordinates transactions for Java objects</p><p>　　Model-view-controller: an HTTP and Servlet-based framework providing hooks for extensi

28、on and customization</p><p>　　Remote Access framework: configurative RPC-style export and import of Java objects over networks supporting RMI, CORBA and HTTP-based protocols including web services (SOAP)<

29、/p><p>　　Convention-over-configuration: a rapid application development solution for Spring-based enterprise applications is offered in the Spring model.</p><p>　　Batch processing: a framework for

30、high-volume processing featuring reusable functions including logging/tracing, transaction management, job processing statistics, job restart, skip, and resource management</p><p>　　Authentication and author

31、ization: configurable security processes that support a range of standards, protocols, tools and practices via the Spring Security sub-project (formerly Acegi Security System for Spring).</p><p>　　Remote Man

32、agement: configurative exposure and management of Java objects for local or remote configuration via JMX</p><p>　　Messaging: configurative registration of message listener objects for transparent message con

33、sumption from message queues via JMS, improvement of message sending over standard JMS APIs</p><p>　　Testing: support classes for writing unit tests and integration tests</p><p>　　Inversion of C

34、ontrol container Central to the Spring Framework is its Inversion of Control container, which provides a consistent means of configuring and managing Java objects using callbacks. The container is responsible for managin

35、g object lifecycles: creating objects, calling initialization methods, and configuring objects by wiring them together.</p><p>　　Objects created by the container are also called Managed Objects or Beans. Typ

36、ically, the container is configured by loading XML files containing Bean definitions which provide the information required to create the beans.</p><p>　　Objects can be obtained by means of Dependency lookup

37、 or Dependency injection. Dependency lookup is a pattern where a caller asks the container object for an object with a specific name or of a specific type. Dependency injection is a pattern where the container passes obj

38、ects by name to other objects, via either constructors, properties, or factory methods.</p><p>　　In many cases it's not necessary to use the container when using other parts of the Spring Framework, alth

39、ough using it will likely make an application easier to configure and customize. The Spring container provides a consistent mechanism to configure applications and integrates with almost all Java environments, from small

40、-scale applications to large enterprise applications.</p><p>　　The container can be turned into a partially-compliant EJB3 container by means of the Pitchfork project. The Spring Framework is criticized by s

41、ome as not being standards compliant. However, Spring Source doesn't see EJB3 compliance as a major goal, and claims that the Spring Framework and the container allow for more powerful programming models.</p>

42、<p>　　Aspect-oriented programming framework The Spring Framework has its own AOP framework which modularizes cross-cutting concerns in aspects. The motivation for creating a separate AOP framework comes from the bel

43、ief that it would be possible to provide basic AOP features without too much complexity in either design, implementation, or configuration. The SAOP framework also takes full advantage of the Spring Container.</p>

44、<p>　　The Spring AOP framework is interception based, and is configured at runtime. This removes the need for a compilation step or load-time weaving. On the other hand, interception only allows for public or prote

45、cted method execution on existing objects at a join point.</p><p>　　Compared to the AspectJ framework, Spring AOP is less powerful but also less complicated. Spring 1.2 includes support to configure AspectJ

46、aspects in the container. Spring 2.0 added more integration with AspectJ; for example, the pointcut language is reused and can be mixed with SpAOP-based aspects. Further, Spring 2.0 added a Spring Aspects library which u

47、ses AspectJ to offer common Spring features such as declarative transaction management and dependency injection via AspectJ compile-time or l</p><p>　　Spring AOP has been designed to make it able to work wit

48、h cross-cutting concerns inside the Spring Framework. Any object which is created and configured by the container can be enriched using Spring AOP.</p><p>　　The Spring Framework uses Spring AOP internally fo

49、r transaction management, security, remote access, and JMX.</p><p>　　Since version 2.0 of the framework, Spring provides two approaches to the AOP configuration:schema-based approach.@AspectJ-based annotatio

50、n style.</p><p>　　The Spring team decided not to introduce new AOP-related terminology; therefore, in the Spring reference documentation and API, terms such as aspect, join point, advice, pointcut, introduct

51、ion, target object (advised object), AOP proxy, and weaving all have the same meanings as in most other AOP frameworks (particularly AspectJ).</p><p>　　Data access framework Spring's data access framewor

52、k addresses common difficulties developers face when working with databases in applications. Support is provided for all popular data access frameworks in Java: JDBC, iBatis, Hibernate, JDO, JPA, Oracle Top Link, Apache

53、OJB, and Apache Cayenne, among others.</p><p>　　For all of these supported frameworks, Spring provides these features:</p><p>　　Resource management - automatically acquiring and releasing databa

54、se resources</p><p>　　Exception handling - translating data access related exception to a Spring data access hierarchy</p><p>　　Transaction participation - transparent participation in ongoing t

55、ransactions</p><p>　　Resource unwrapping - retrieving database objects from connection pool wrappers</p><p>　　Abstraction for BLOB and CLOB handling</p><p>　　All these features beco

56、me available when using Template classes provided by Spring for each supported framework. Critics say these Template classes are intrusive and offer no advantage over using (for example) the Hibernate API.. directly. In

57、response, the Spring developers have made it possible to use the Hibernate and JPA APIs directly. This however requires transparent transaction management, as application code no longer assumes the responsibility to obta

58、in and close database resources, and </p><p>　　Together with Spring's transaction management, its data access framework offers a flexible abstraction for working with data access frameworks. The Spring F

59、ramework doesn't offer a common data access API; instead, the full power of the supported APIs is kept intact. The Spring Framework is the only framework available in Java which offers managed data access environment

60、s outside of an application server or container. While using Spring for transaction management with Hibernate, the following bea</p><p>　　Transaction management framework Spring's transaction management

61、framework brings an abstraction mechanism to the Java platform. Its abstraction is capable of working with local and global transactions (local transaction does not require an application server).working with nested tran

62、sactions working with transaction safe points working in almost all environments of the Java platform</p><p>　　In comparison, JTA only supports nested transactions and global transactions, and requires an ap

63、plication server (and in some cases also deployment of applications in an application server).</p><p>　　The Spring Framework ships a Platform Transaction Manager for a number of transaction management strate

64、gies:</p><p>　　Transactions managed on a JDBC Connection</p><p>　　Transactions managed on Object-relational mapping Units of Work</p><p>　　Transactions managed via the JTA Transacti

65、on Manager and User Transaction</p><p>　　Transactions managed on other resources, like object databases</p><p>　　Next to this abstraction mechanism the framework also provides two ways of adding

66、 transaction management to applications:</p><p>　　Programmatically, by using Spring's Transaction Template</p><p>　　Configuratively, by using metadata like XML or Java 5 annotations</p>

67、;<p>　　Together with Spring's data access framework — which integrates the transaction management framework — it is possible to set up a transactional system through configuration without having to rely on JTA

68、 or EJB. The transactional framework also integrates with messaging and caching engines.</p><p>　　The BoneCP Spring/Hibernate page contains a full example project of Spring used in conjunction with Hibernate

69、.</p><p>　　Model-view-controller framework The Spring Framework features its own MVC framework, which wasn't originally planned. The Spring developers decided to write their own web framework as a reacti

70、on to what they perceived as the poor design of the popular Jakarta Struts web framework, as well as deficiencies in other available frameworks. In particular, they felt there was insufficient separation between the pres

71、entation and request handling layers, and between the request handling layer and the mod</p><p>　　Like Struts, Spring MVC is a request-based framework. The framework defines strategy interfaces for all of th

72、e responsibilities which must be handled by a modern request-based framework. The goal of each interface is to be simple and clear so that it's easy for Spring MVC users to write their own implementations if they so

73、choose. MVC paves the way for cleaner front end code. All interfaces are tightly coupled to the Servlet API. This tight coupling to the Servlet API is seen by some as a failur</p><p>　　The Dispatcher Servlet

74、 class is the front controller of the framework and is responsible for delegating control to the various interfaces during the execution phases of a HTTP request.</p><p>　　The most important interfaces defin

75、ed by Spring MVC, and their responsibilities, are listed below:</p><p>　　Handler Mapping: selecting objects which handle incoming requests (handlers) based on any attribute or condition internal or external

76、to those requests</p><p>　　Handler Adapter: execution of objects which handle incoming requests</p><p>　　Controller: comes between Model and View to manage incoming requests and redirect to prop

77、er response. It essentially is like a gate that directs the incoming information. It switches between going into model or view.</p><p>　　View: responsible for returning a response to the client. It is possib

78、le to go straight to view without going to the model part. It is also possible to go through all three.</p><p>　　View Resolver: selecting a View based on a logical name for the view (use is not strictly requ

79、ired)</p><p>　　Handler Interceptor: interception of incoming requests comparable but not equal to Servlet filters (use is optional and not controlled by Dispatcher Servlet).</p><p>　　Locale Reso

80、lver: resolving and optionally saving of the locale of an individual user</p><p>　　Multipart Resolver: facilitate working with file uploads by wrapping incoming requests</p><p>　　Each strategy i

81、nterface above has an important responsibility in the overall framework. The abstractions offered by these interfaces are powerful, so to allow for a set of variations in their implementations, Spring MVC ships with impl

82、ementations of all these interfaces and together offers a feature set on top of the Servlet API. However, developers and vendors are free to write other implementations. Spring MVC uses the Java java.util.Map interface a

83、s a data-oriented abstraction for the Model w</p><p>　　The ease of testing the implementations of these interfaces seems one important advantage of the high level of abstraction offered by Spring MVC. Dispat

84、cher Servlet is tightly coupled to the Spring Inversion of Control container for configuring the web layers of applications. However, applications can use other parts of the Spring Framework—including the container—and c

85、hoose not to use Spring MVC.</p><p>　　Because Spring MVC uses the Spring container for configuration and assembly, web-based applications can take full advantage of the Inversion of Control features offered

86、by the container. This framework allows for multi layering. It allows for the code to be broken apart and used more effectively in segments, while allowing the mvc to do the work. It allows for back and forth transmissio

87、n of data. Some designs are more linear without allowing a forward and backward flow of information. MVC is des</p><p>　　Remote access framework Spring's Remote Access framework is an abstraction for wor

88、king with various RPC-based technologies available on the Java platform both for client connectivity and exporting objects on servers. The most important feature offered by this framework is to ease configuration and usa

89、ge of these technologies as much as possible by combining Inversion of Control and AOP.</p><p>　　The framework also provides fault-recovery (automatic reconnection after connection failure) and some optimiza

90、tions for client-side use of EJB remote stateless session beans.</p><p>　　Convention-Over-Configuration Rapid Application Development Spring Roo is Spring's Convention-over-configuration solution for rap

91、idly building applications in Java. It currently supports Spring Framework, Spring Security and Spring Web Flow, with remaining Spring projects scheduled to be added in due course. Roo differs from other rapid applicatio

92、n development frameworks by focusing on:</p><p>　　The following diagram represents the Spring Framework Architecture</p><p>　　2.2 Struts Introduction</p><p>　　Apache Struts From Wik

93、ipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search </p><p>　　"Struts" redirects here. For the structural component, see strut. For other meanings, see strut (disambiguation).</p><

94、p>　　This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations.</p><p>　　Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citati

95、ons where appropriate. </p><p>　　Apache Struts is an open-source web application framework for developing Java EE web applications. It uses and extends the Java Servlet API to encourage developers to adopt a

96、 model-view-controller (MVC) architecture. It was originally created by Craig McClanahan and donated to the Apache Foundation in May, 2000. Formerly located under the Apache Jakarta Project and known as Jakarta Struts, i

97、t became a top level Apache project in 2005.</p><p>　　Design goals and over view in a standard Java EE web application, the client will typically submit information to the server via a web form. The informat

98、ion is then either handed over to a Java Servlet that processes it, interacts with a database and produces an HTML-formatted response, or it is given to a Java Server Pages (JSP) document that inter mingles HTML and Java