車輛工程外文翻譯--日常汽車保養(yǎng)

1、<p><b>　　外文翻譯</b></p><p>　　英文：Daily car maintenance</p><p>　　. Auto maintenance aspects should be paid attention to:</p><p>　　(1) prevent the mixture too thick due

2、to the high temperature, gas to flow, but also because of quantity pore expansion, gas flow rate increase, and gasoline easy to evaporation, lead to the mixture too thick. Therefore, should be the small hole, speed up ad

3、justment device and throttle rocker connection position, reduced float chamber oil surface height, to reduce the flow of.</p><p>　　(2) prevent air resistance the burning hot summer, the gasoline engine fuel

4、system due to temperature happen "gas resistance" phenomenon, fuel supply shortage or even interrupted the oil supply. To prevent "gas resistance", usable asbestos gasket will gasoline pumps and exhau

5、st pipe is separated, or with wet cloth will cover the gasoline pump cooling.</p><p>　　(3) the evaporation under high temperature, oil and water evaporation will increase, the flap raises to cover tightly, o

6、il pipe to prevent oil leakage; Always check the water level of water tank, the crankcase oil oil face, height, brake zongbeng inside the brake fluid liquid surface height and within the battery electrolyte density and l

7、iquid surface height, etc. Illegal, want to add and adjust in time.</p><p>　　(4) prevent overheating to prevent engine overheating, maintenance, attention shall be paid to fan belt can't with oil, in cas

8、e the sliding, the degree appropriate belt. Driving timely rest, when resting, try to choose the shade, and open the hood ventilation cooling. When the tyre pressure because of the heat and increase when, should stop coo

9、ling, not use put gas and the method of threw cold water to reduce the tyre pressure and temperature.</p><p>　　(5) the "combustion", "explosive" summer air temperature is higher, daily ma

10、ximum temperature above 35 ℃ in often, this makes the car itself also greatly improve the failure rate. When the high temperature heat slowly, auto water tank temperature often because do not fall high in and the influen

11、ce of engine power, and may even cause mixed "combustion", "explosive", make the engine can't work normally. High temperature also makes some parts inflation deformation, light person can accelera

12、te part </p><p>　　(6) the bad lubrication oil easily heated goes lean, oxidation resistance becomes poor, easy metamorphism, even cause the tile burning failure holding shaft. Therefore, should the crankcase

13、 and gear box with the oil changed into summer, often check the number of oil, lubricating oil, and in time to change.</p><p>　　(7) the car paint the car paint him as insolate of skin, to bright and clean an

14、d bright beautiful, just cute. Although it seems to have no life, but it is also afraid of sun, long-term exposure will FaJiu, corrugate.</p><p>　　The summer will often clean the car, in order to prevent the

15、 rain to car lacquer cause acid corrosion, also had better not on the street and wash your car, the repeated use of water sediment will scratch the car paint secretly. Next summer and the car that do more decontamination

16、 processing, summer bus is easy to splash on the viscosity substances, air temperature is exorbitant, will also be full of asphalt splash body. In that case, to do as soon as possible beauty treatment, using special dete

17、</p><p>　　The summer will pay more attention to the engine work environment, made timely cleaning work, if the engine external pollution too thick, it will affect the machine heat dissipation, give all sorts

18、 of machine fault buried hidden trouble. Summer should also be to paint on certain preventive protection, such as wax, glazing. Auto accessories part of the nursing in the summer also more important, such as the wheel hu

19、b, electroplating parts to timely derusting, clean, bumper, tires and other rubber </p><p>　　Common beauty protection- -wash the car wax, although some effect, but not for good. Because any waxes contain sil

20、icon ingredients, and ultraviolet ray will rust the car paint, leaving little black patches. And the car wax grinding particles, will be in the light of the car paint leave way way fine marks. Car wax itself up less than

21、 increase hardness, resistance ultraviolet function, will soon loss due to the temperature too high. Therefore, When the car parking shall be in the shade.</p><p>　　The six main engine maintenance</p>

22、<p>　　1. Use proper quality level of the lubricating oil</p><p>　　The engine should be for gasoline into the exhaust system according to additional devices and the using conditions choose SD-SF petrol

23、engine oil level; The diesel engine according to the mechanical load selection CB-CD level diesel engine oil, choose standard to not under production factory regulations shall prevail.</p><p>　　2. Change reg

24、ularly oil and filter</p><p>　　Any quality level of the lubricating oil in use process of oil will change. To a certain mileage after, performance deterioration would bring a variety of problems to the engin

25、e. In order to avoid of failure, should combine conditions of use regular oil, and that the amount of oil moderate (generally in oil rod cap of good). The oil from the pores through the filter when the solid particles an

26、d viscous oil content stored up in filter. Such as filter jams, oil, not through the filter, will burst </p><p>　　3. Keep the crankcase ventilation</p><p>　　Now most of the gasoline engine are e

27、quipped with PCV valves (the crankcase forced ventilation device) prompted the engine take a breath, but channeling the pollutant in gas will "deposition in the valve, PCV around the valve plug. If possible PCV valv

28、es jams then pollution reverse flow gas air filter, pollution people filter core, make filtering ability, reduce inhaled mixture of dirty, caused the pollution, more crankcase to increase fuel consumption, engine wear mo

29、re, even engine damage. Ther</p><p>　　4. Regular cleaning the crankcase</p><p>　　The engine running process, the combustion chamber not burning gas, high pressure water and sulfur acid, and of n

30、itrogen oxide piston and cylinder wall after the clearance between into the crankcase, with parts wear produced metal powder mix together, form sludge. Quantity in oil suspended for a little time, large amount of precipi

31、tation from oil, blocked filter and the oil hole, cause the engine lubrication difficulties, caused by wear. In addition, the oil in the high temperature oxidation fil</p><p>　　5. Regular cleaning fuel syste

32、m</p><p>　　Fuel in through the oil for the process of burning to the combustion chamber, inevitably will form the colloid and carbon, in oil,, carburetor, nozzles and deposited in the combustion chamber, int

33、erfering with the fuel flow, disrupt the normal air-fuel ratio make fuel atomization bad, cause the engine out of shaking, blasting vibration, the idle instability, poor acceleration performance problem. Regular cleaning

34、 fuel oil system, control the generation of carbon, can always be the best to make t</p><p>　　6. Maintenance regularly water tank</p><p>　　Engine water tank rust, scale is the most common proble

35、ms. The grunge and scale can limit the cooling fluid in the cooling system, the flow, reduce the cooling effect, cause the engine overheat, even cause the engine damage. The cooling liquid oxygen also forms acidity mater

36、ial, corrosion water tank the metal components, causing the water tank damage and leakage. Regularly use the water tank cleaner water tank, remove the rust and scale, can not only ensure normal engine work, and extend th

37、e lif</p><p><b>　　中文：日常汽車保養(yǎng)</b></p><p>　　汽車日常保養(yǎng)方面應(yīng)該注意： </p><p>　　（1）防混合氣過濃 由于氣溫高，汽油容易流動，還因量孔膨脹，使汽油流量增加，且汽油容易蒸發(fā)，導致混合氣過濃。因此，應(yīng)調(diào)小量孔，調(diào)整加速裝置與節(jié)氣門搖臂連接的位置，適當降低浮子室油面高度，以減少供油量。 <

38、;/p><p>　　（2）防止氣阻 炎熱的夏季，汽油機燃料系統(tǒng)容易因溫度升高而發(fā)生“氣阻”現(xiàn)象，致使油路供油不足甚至中斷供油。為防止“氣阻”，可用石棉墊將汽油泵與排氣管隔開，或用濕布將汽油泵包住降溫。 </p><p>　?。?）防蒸發(fā) 高溫下，油及水的蒸發(fā)都將增加，油箱蓋要蓋嚴，油管要防止?jié)B油；經(jīng)常檢查水箱的水位，曲軸箱的機油油面、高度，制動總泵內(nèi)的制動液液面高度及蓄電池內(nèi)電解液密度和液面高

39、度等。不合規(guī)定時，要及時添加和調(diào)整。 </p><p>　?。?）防過熱 為防止發(fā)動機產(chǎn)生過熱現(xiàn)象，保養(yǎng)時，應(yīng)注意風扇皮帶不能沾油，以防打滑，皮帶緊度適當。行駛途中適時休息，休息時盡量選擇陰涼處，并打開發(fā)動機罩通風散熱。當輪胎氣壓因熱而增加時，應(yīng)停車降溫，不得用放氣及潑冷水的方法來降低輪胎氣壓和溫度。 </p><p>　?。?）防“自燃”、“自爆” 夏季氣溫較高，日最高氣溫常常在35℃以

40、上，這使得汽車自身的故障率也大大提高。氣溫高時散熱慢，汽車水箱的溫度常常因為居高不降而影響發(fā)動機的功率，甚至可能引起混合“自燃”、“自爆”，使得發(fā)動機不能正常工作。高溫也使得一些部件膨脹變形，輕者會加速部件磨損，重者會燒壞機件。夏季公路路面溫度常常在70℃以上。汽車輪胎因為受熱，胎內(nèi)氣壓增高，一旦長距離行駛，容易爆胎。當汽車瞬間發(fā)生上述故障時，還有可能導致交通事故。 </p><p>　?。?）防潤滑不良 潤滑油

41、易受熱變稀，抗氧化性變差，易變質(zhì)，甚至造成燒瓦抱軸等故障。因此，應(yīng)將曲軸箱和齒輪箱里換上夏用潤滑油，經(jīng)常查潤滑油數(shù)量、油質(zhì)情況，并及時加以更換。 </p><p>　?。?）車漆防曝曬 車漆如同人身上的肌膚，要光潔亮麗，才惹人喜愛。雖然它似乎沒有生命，但確實也怕曬，長期曝曬會發(fā)舊、起皺。 </p><p>　　夏季要經(jīng)常清洗愛車，以防止雨水對車漆造成酸性腐蝕，也最好不要在街邊洗車，重復使用

42、的水夾帶泥沙會劃傷車漆。其次夏季還要為愛車多做除污處理，夏天汽車上很容易濺上黏性物質(zhì)，氣溫過高時，還會被瀝青濺滿車身。遇到這種情況，要盡快去做美容處理，用專用的清潔劑去除污物，情況嚴重的，要進行拋光處理。有些污物如不及時處理，用各種方法都去除不掉，只能局部打磨漆面，再重新噴漆。 </p><p>　　夏季還要多注意發(fā)動機的工作環(huán)境，及時作好清潔工作，如果發(fā)動機外部油污過厚，會影響機器散熱，給各種機器故障埋下隱患。

43、夏季還應(yīng)該對漆面進行一定的預防保護，比如打蠟、上釉。汽車附件部分的護理在夏季也比較重要，比如輪轂、電鍍部分要及時除銹、清潔，保險杠、輪胎等橡塑部分要做增黑上光、抗老化處理。 </p><p>　　普通的美容保護———洗車打蠟，雖然有些作用，卻不會有長久的好處。因為任何車蠟都含有矽的成分，久經(jīng)紫外線照射會銹蝕車漆，留下點點黑斑。而且車蠟中的研磨顆粒，還會在光亮的車漆上留下道道細痕。車蠟本身起不到增強硬度、抗紫外線的

44、作用，會因溫度過高而很快流失。因此，停車時應(yīng)當把車停放在陰涼處。 </p><p>　　發(fā)動機保養(yǎng)的六大要點 </p><p>　　1.使用適當質(zhì)量等級的潤滑油 </p><p>　　對汽油發(fā)動機應(yīng)根據(jù)進排氣系統(tǒng)的附加裝置和使用條件選用SD—SF級汽油機油；柴油發(fā)動機則要根據(jù)機械負荷選用CB—CD級柴油機油，選用標準以不低于生產(chǎn)廠家規(guī)定要求為準。 </p>

45、;<p>　　2.定期更換機油及濾芯 </p><p>　　任何質(zhì)量等級的潤滑油在使用過程中油質(zhì)都會發(fā)生變化。到一定里程之后，性能惡化，會給發(fā)動機帶來種種問題。為了避免故障的發(fā)生，應(yīng)結(jié)合使用條件定期換油，并使油量適中(一般以機油標尺上限為好)。機油從濾清器的細孔通過時把油中的固體顆粒和粘稠物積存在濾清器中。如濾清器堵塞，機油不能通過濾芯時，會脹破濾芯或打開安全閥，從旁通閥通過，仍把臟物帶回潤滑部位，

46、促使發(fā)動機磨損，內(nèi)部的污染加劇。 </p><p>　　3.保持曲軸箱通風良好 </p><p>　　現(xiàn)在大部分汽油機都裝有PCV閥(曲軸箱強制通風裝置)促使發(fā)動機換氣，但竄氣中的污染物“會沉積在PCV閥的周圍，可能使閥堵塞。如果PCV閥堵塞則污染氣體逆向流人空氣濾清器，污染濾芯，使過濾能力降低，吸入的混合氣過臟，更加造成曲軸箱的污染，導致燃料消耗增大，發(fā)動機磨損加大，甚至損壞發(fā)動機。因此

47、，須定期保養(yǎng)PCV，清除PCV閥周圍的污染物。 </p><p>　　4.定期清洗曲軸箱 </p><p>　　發(fā)動機在運轉(zhuǎn)過程中，燃燒室內(nèi)的高壓未燃燒氣體、酸、水份、硫和氮的氧化物經(jīng)過活塞環(huán)與缸壁之間的間隙進入曲軸箱中，與零件磨損產(chǎn)生的金屬粉末混在一起，形成油泥。量少時在油中懸浮，量大時從油中析出，堵塞濾清器和油孔，造成發(fā)動機潤滑困難，引起磨損。此外，機油在高溫時氧化會生成漆膜和積碳粘結(jié)

48、在活塞上，使發(fā)動機油耗增大、功率下降，嚴重時使活塞環(huán)卡死而拉缸。因此，定期清洗曲軸箱，保持發(fā)動機內(nèi)部的清潔。 </p><p>　　5.定期清洗燃油系統(tǒng) </p><p>　　燃油在通過油路供往燃燒室燃燒的過程中，不可避免地會形成膠質(zhì)和積碳，在油道、化油器、噴油嘴和燃燒室中沉積下來，干擾燃油流動，破壞正?？杖急龋谷加挽F化不良，造成發(fā)動機喘抖、爆振、怠速不穩(wěn)、加速不良等性能問題。定期清洗燃

49、油系統(tǒng)，控制積碳的生成，能夠始終使發(fā)動機保持最佳狀態(tài)。 </p><p><b>　　6.定期保養(yǎng)水箱 </b></p><p>　　發(fā)動機水箱生銹、結(jié)垢是最常見的問題。銹跡和水垢會限制冷卻液在冷卻系統(tǒng)中的流動，降低散熱作用，導致發(fā)動機過熱，甚至造成發(fā)動機損壞。冷卻液氧化還會形成酸性物質(zhì)，腐蝕水箱的金屬部件，造成水箱破損、滲漏。定期使用水箱清洗劑清洗水箱，除去其中的銹