步進(jìn)電機(jī)的單片機(jī)控制外文翻譯

1、<p>　　附錄2：英文資料及其中文翻譯</p><p>　　Stepper motor is an electrical pulse will be converted into angular displacement of the implementing agencies. Put it in simple language-speaking: When the stepper drive pu

2、lse signal to a receiver, it drives stepper motor rotation direction by setting a fixed point of view (and the step angle). You can control the number of pulses to control the amount of angular displacement, so as to ach

3、ieve the purpose of accurate positioning; At the same time, you can by controlling the pulse frequency to co</p><p>　　Stepper motor directly from the AC-DC power supply, and must use special equipment - step

4、per motor drive. Stepper motor drive system performance, in addition to their own performance with the motor on the outside, but also to a large extent depend on the drive is good or bad. A typical stepper motor drive sy

5、stem is operated by the stepper motor controller, stepper motor drives and stepper motor body is composed of three parts. Stepper motor controller stepper pulse and direction signal, each mad</p><p>　　Motor

6、is usually for the permanent magnet rotor, when the current flows through the stator windings, the stator windings produce a magnetic field vector. The magnetic field will lead to a rotor angle of rotation, making a pair

7、 of rotor and stator magnetic field direction of the magnetic field direction. When the stator rotating magnetic field vector from a different angle. Also as the rotor magnetic field to a point of view. An electrical pul

8、se for each input, the motor rotation angle step. Its </p><p>　　Stepper motor types:</p><p>　　Permanent magnet (PM). Magnetic generally two-phase stepper, torque and are smaller and generally st

9、epping angle of 7.5 degrees or 15 degrees; put more wind for air-conditioning.</p><p>　　Reactive (VR), the domestic general called BF, have a common three-phase reaction, step angle of 1.5 degrees; also have

10、 five-phase reaction. Noise, no torque has been set at a large number of out. </p><p>　　Hybrid (HB), common two-phase hybrid, five-phase hybrid, three-phase hybrid, four-phase hybrid, two-phase can be c

11、ommon with the four-phase drive, five-phase three-phase must be used with their drives;</p><p>　　Two-phase, four-phase hybrid step angle is 1.8 degrees more than a small size, great distance, and low noise;&

12、lt;/p><p>　　Five-phase hybrid stepping motor is generally 0.72, the motor step angle small, high resolution, but the complexity of drive circuits, wiring problems, such as the 5-phase system of 10 lines.</p&

13、gt;<p>　　Three-phase hybrid stepping motor step angle of 1.2 degrees, but according to the use of 1.8 degrees, the three-phase hybrid stepping motor has a two-phase mixed than the five-phase hybrid more pole will

14、help electric folder symmetric angle, it can be more than two-phase, five-phase high accuracy, the error even smaller, run more smoothly.</p><p>　　Stepper motor to maintain torque: stepper motor power means

15、no rotation, the stator locked rotor torque. It is a stepper motor, one of the most important parameters, usually in the low-speed stepper motor torque at the time of close to maintain the torque. As the stepper motor ou

16、tput torque increases with the speed of constant attenuation, the output power also increases with the speed of change, so as to maintain torque on the stepper motor to measure the parameters of one of the most important

17、</p><p>　　Precision stepper motors: stepper motor step angle accuracy of 3-5%, not cumulative.</p><p>　　Start frequency of no-load: the stepper motor in case of no-load to the normal start of th

18、e pulse frequency, if the pulse frequency is higher than the value of motor does not start, possible to lose steps or blocking. In the case of the  load, start frequency should be lower. If you want to achieve high-

19、speed rotation motor, pulse frequency should be to accelerate the process, that is, the lower frequency to start, and then rose to a certain acceleration of the desired frequency (motor speed fro</p><p>　　St

20、ep angle: that is to send a pulse, the electrical angle corresponding to rotation.</p><p>　　Torque positioning: positioning torque stepper motor does not refer to the case of electricity, locked rotor torque

21、 stator.</p><p>　　Operating frequency: step-by-step stepper motor can run without losing the highest frequency.</p><p>　　Subdivision Drive: stepper motor drives the main aim is to weaken or elim

22、inate low-frequency vibration of the stepper motor to improve the accuracy of the motor running. Reduce noise. If the step angle is 1.8 ° (full step) the two-phase hybrid stepping motor, if the breakdown of the brea

23、kdown of the number of drives for the 8, then the operation of the electrical pulse for each resolution of 0.072 °, the precision of motor can reach or close to 0.225 °, also depends on the breakdown of the bre

24、ak</p><p>　　步進(jìn)電機(jī)是一種將電脈沖轉(zhuǎn)化為角位移的執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)。通俗一點(diǎn)講：當(dāng)步進(jìn)驅(qū)動(dòng)器接收到一個(gè)脈沖信號(hào)，它就驅(qū)動(dòng)步進(jìn)電機(jī)按設(shè)定的方向轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)一個(gè)固定的角度（及步進(jìn)角）。您可以通過(guò)控制脈沖個(gè)數(shù)來(lái)控制角位移量，從而達(dá)到準(zhǔn)確定位的目的；同時(shí)您可以通過(guò)控制脈沖頻率來(lái)控制電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的速度和加速度，從而達(dá)到調(diào)速的目的。</p><p>　　步進(jìn)電機(jī)不能直接接到交直流電源上工作，而必須使用專(zhuān)用設(shè)備

25、——步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器.步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的性能，除與電機(jī)本身的性能有關(guān)外，也在很大程度上取決于驅(qū)動(dòng)器的優(yōu)劣。典型的步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)是由步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制器、步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器和步進(jìn)電機(jī)本體三部分組成。步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制器發(fā)出步進(jìn)脈沖和方向信號(hào)，每發(fā)一個(gè)脈沖，步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器驅(qū)動(dòng)步進(jìn)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子旋轉(zhuǎn)一個(gè)步距角，即步進(jìn)一步。步進(jìn)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速的高低、升速或降速、啟動(dòng)或停止都完全取決于脈沖的有無(wú)或頻率的高低?？刂破鞯姆较蛐盘?hào)決定步進(jìn)電機(jī)的順時(shí)針或逆時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)。通常，步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)

26、動(dòng)器由邏輯控制電路、功率驅(qū)動(dòng)電路、保護(hù)電路和電源組成。步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器一旦接收到來(lái)自控制器的方向信號(hào)和步進(jìn)脈沖，控制電路就按預(yù)先設(shè)定的電機(jī)通電方式產(chǎn)生步進(jìn)電機(jī)各相勵(lì)磁繞組導(dǎo)通或截止信號(hào)。控制電路輸出的信號(hào)功率很低，不能提供步進(jìn)電機(jī)所需的輸出功率，必須進(jìn)行功率放大，這就是步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器的功率驅(qū)動(dòng)部分。功率驅(qū)動(dòng)電路向步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制繞組輸入電流，使其勵(lì)磁形成空間旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場(chǎng)，驅(qū)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)子運(yùn)動(dòng)。保護(hù)電路在出現(xiàn)短路、過(guò)載、過(guò)熱等故障時(shí)迅速停止驅(qū)動(dòng)器和電機(jī)的運(yùn)

27、行。</p><p>　　通常電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)子為永磁體，當(dāng)電流流過(guò)定子繞組時(shí)，定子繞組產(chǎn)生一矢量磁場(chǎng)。該磁場(chǎng)會(huì)帶動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)子旋轉(zhuǎn)一角度，使得轉(zhuǎn)子的一對(duì)磁場(chǎng)方向與定子的磁場(chǎng)方向一致。當(dāng)定子的矢量磁場(chǎng)旋轉(zhuǎn)一個(gè)角度。轉(zhuǎn)子也隨著該磁場(chǎng)轉(zhuǎn)一個(gè)角度。每輸入一個(gè)電脈沖，電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)一個(gè)角度前進(jìn)一步。它輸出的角位移與輸入的脈沖數(shù)成正比、轉(zhuǎn)速與脈沖頻率成正比。改變繞組通電的順序，電機(jī)就會(huì)反轉(zhuǎn)。所以可用控制脈沖數(shù)量、頻率及電動(dòng)機(jī)各相繞組的通電順序

28、來(lái)控制步進(jìn)電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。 </p><p><b>　　步進(jìn)電機(jī)的種類(lèi)：</b></p><p>　　永磁式（PM) .磁式步進(jìn)一般為兩相，轉(zhuǎn)矩和體積較小，步進(jìn)角一般為7.5度 或15度；多用于空調(diào)風(fēng)擺上。</p><p>　　反應(yīng)式（VR),國(guó)內(nèi)一般叫BF，常見(jiàn)的有三相反應(yīng)式，步距角為1.5度；也有五相反應(yīng)式。噪音大，無(wú)定為轉(zhuǎn)距已大量

29、淘汰。</p><p>　　混合式（HB),常見(jiàn)的有兩相混合式，五相混合式，三相混合式，四相混合式，兩相跟四相可以通用驅(qū)動(dòng)器，五相跟三相必須使用各自的驅(qū)動(dòng)器；</p><p>　　兩相、四相混合式步距角多是1.8度，具有小體積，大力距，低噪音；</p><p>　　五相混合式步進(jìn)電機(jī)一般為0.72度，電機(jī)步距角小，分辨率高，但是驅(qū)動(dòng)電路復(fù)雜，接線麻煩，如5相十線制。

30、</p><p>　　三相混合式步進(jìn)電機(jī)步距角為1.2度，但是使用中要按1.8度計(jì)算，三相混合式步進(jìn)電機(jī)擁有比兩相混合式，五相混合式更多的磁極，有利于電機(jī)夾角的對(duì)稱(chēng)，因此可以比兩相，五相精度更高，誤差更小，運(yùn)行更平穩(wěn)。</p><p>　　步進(jìn)電機(jī)的保持轉(zhuǎn)距：指步進(jìn)電機(jī)通電但沒(méi)有轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)時(shí)，定子鎖住轉(zhuǎn)子的力矩。它是步進(jìn)電機(jī)最重要的參數(shù)之一，通常步進(jìn)電機(jī)在低速時(shí)的力矩接近保持轉(zhuǎn)矩。由于步進(jìn)電機(jī)的

31、輸出力矩隨速度的增大而不斷衰減，輸出功率也隨速度的增大而變化，所以保持轉(zhuǎn)矩就成為了衡量步進(jìn)電機(jī)最重要的參數(shù)之一。比如，當(dāng)人們說(shuō)2N.m的步進(jìn)電機(jī)，在沒(méi)有特殊說(shuō)明的情況下是指保持轉(zhuǎn)矩為2N.m的步進(jìn)電機(jī)。</p><p>　　步進(jìn)電機(jī)的精度：步進(jìn)電機(jī)的精度為步進(jìn)角的3-5%，且不累積。</p><p>　　空載啟動(dòng)頻率：即步進(jìn)電機(jī)在空載情況下能夠正常啟動(dòng)的脈沖頻率，如果脈沖頻率高于該值，電機(jī)

32、不能正常啟動(dòng)，可能發(fā)生丟步或堵轉(zhuǎn)。在有負(fù)載的情況下，啟動(dòng)頻率應(yīng)更低。如果要使電機(jī)達(dá)到高速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，脈沖頻率應(yīng)該有加速過(guò)程，即啟動(dòng)頻率較低，然后按一定加速度升到所希望的高頻（電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速?gòu)牡退偕礁咚伲?lt;/p><p>　　步距角：就是發(fā)送一個(gè)脈沖，電機(jī)對(duì)應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的角度。</p><p>　　定位轉(zhuǎn)距：定位轉(zhuǎn)矩是指步進(jìn)電機(jī)不通電的情況下，定子鎖住轉(zhuǎn)子的力矩。</p><p>

33、　　運(yùn)行頻率：步進(jìn)電機(jī)能不失步運(yùn)行的最高頻率。</p><p>　　細(xì)分驅(qū)動(dòng)器： 步進(jìn)電機(jī)細(xì)分驅(qū)動(dòng)器的主要目的是減弱或消除步進(jìn)電機(jī)的低頻振動(dòng)，提高電機(jī)的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)精度。減少噪音。如對(duì)于步距角為1.8°（整步）兩相混合式步進(jìn)電機(jī)，如果細(xì)分驅(qū)動(dòng)器的細(xì)分?jǐn)?shù)為8，那么電機(jī)的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)分辨率為每個(gè)脈沖0.072°，電機(jī)的精度能否達(dá)到或接近0.225°，還取決于細(xì)分驅(qū)動(dòng)器的細(xì)分電流控制精度等其他因素，細(xì)分?jǐn)?shù)