關于步進電機的畢業(yè)設計外文翻譯

1、<p>　　附錄2：英文資料及其中文翻譯</p><p>　　Stepper motor is an electrical pulse will be converted into angular displacement of the implementing agencies. Put it in simple language-speaking: When the stepper drive pu

2、lse signal to a receiver, it drives stepper motor rotation direction by setting a fixed point of view (and the step angle). You can control the number of pulses to control the amount of angular displacement, so as to ach

3、ieve the purpose of accurate positioning; At the same time, you can by controlling the pulse frequency to co</p><p>　　Stepper motor directly from the AC-DC power supply, and must use special equipment - step

4、per motor drive. Stepper motor drive system performance, in addition to their own performance with the motor on the outside, but also to a large extent depend on the drive is good or bad. A typical stepper motor drive sy

5、stem is operated by the stepper motor controller, stepper motor drives and stepper motor body is composed of three parts. Stepper motor controller stepper pulse and direction signal, each mad</p><p>　　Motor

6、is usually for the permanent magnet rotor, when the current flows through the stator windings, the stator windings produce a magnetic field vector. The magnetic field will lead to a rotor angle of rotation, making a pair

7、 of rotor and stator magnetic field direction of the magnetic field direction. When the stator rotating magnetic field vector from a different angle. Also as the rotor magnetic field to a point of view. An electrical pul

8、se for each input, the motor rotation angle step. Its </p><p>　　Stepper motor types: </p><p>　　Permanent magnet (PM). Magnetic generally two-phase stepper, torque and are smaller and generally s

9、tepping angle of 7.5 degrees or 15 degrees; put more wind for air-conditioning. </p><p>　　Reactive (VR), the domestic general called BF, have a common three-phase reaction, step angle of 1.5 degrees; also ha

10、ve five-phase reaction. Noise, no torque has been set at a large number of out. </p><p>　　Hybrid (HB), common two-phase hybrid, five-phase hybrid, three-phase hybrid, four-phase hybrid, two-phase can be com

11、mon with the four-phase drive, five-phase three-phase must be used with their drives; </p><p>　　Two-phase, four-phase hybrid step angle is 1.8 degrees more than a small size, great distance, and low noise; &

12、lt;/p><p>　　Five-phase hybrid stepping motor is generally 0.72, the motor step angle small, high resolution, but the complexity of drive circuits, wiring problems, such as the 5-phase system of 10 lines. </p

13、><p>　　Three-phase hybrid stepping motor step angle of 1.2 degrees, but according to the use of 1.8 degrees, the three-phase hybrid stepping motor has a two-phase mixed than the five-phase hybrid more pole will

14、 help electric folder symmetric angle, it can be more than two-phase, five-phase high accuracy, the error even smaller, run more smoothly. </p><p>　　Stepper motor to maintain torque: stepper motor power mean

15、s no rotation, the stator locked rotor torque. It is a stepper motor, one of the most important parameters, usually in the low-speed stepper motor torque at the time of close to maintain the torque. As the stepper motor

16、output torque increases with the speed of constant attenuation, the output power also increases with the speed of change, so as to maintain torque on the stepper motor to measure the parameters of one of the most importa

17、nt</p><p>　　Precision stepper motors: stepper motor step angle accuracy of 3-5%, not cumulative. </p><p>　　Start frequency of no-load: the stepper motor in case of no-load to the normal start of

18、 the pulse frequency, if the pulse frequency is higher than the value of motor does not start, possible to lose steps or blocking. In the case of the load, start frequency should be lower. If you want to achieve high-sp

19、eed rotation motor, pulse frequency should be to accelerate the process, that is, the lower frequency to start, and then rose to a certain acceleration of the desired frequency (motor speed fro</p><p>　　Step

20、 angle: that is to send a pulse, the electrical angle corresponding to rotation. </p><p>　　Torque positioning: positioning torque stepper motor does not refer to the case of electricity, locked rotor torque

21、stator. </p><p>　　Operating frequency: step-by-step stepper motor can run without losing the highest frequency. </p><p>　　Subdivision Drive: stepper motor drives the main aim is to weaken or eli

22、minate low-frequency vibration of the stepper motor to improve the accuracy of the motor running. Reduce noise. If the step angle is 1.8 ° (full step) the two-phase hybrid stepping motor, if the breakdown of the bre

23、akdown of the number of drives for the 8, then the operation of the electrical pulse for each resolution of 0.072 °, the precision of motor can reach or close to 0.225 °, also depends on the breakdown of the br

24、eak</p><p>　　步進電機是一種將電脈沖轉(zhuǎn)化為角位移的執(zhí)行機構(gòu)。通俗一點講：當步進驅(qū)動器接收到一個脈沖信號，它就驅(qū)動步進電機按設定的方向轉(zhuǎn)動一個固定的角度（及步進角）。您可以通過控制脈沖個數(shù)來控制角位移量，從而達到準確定位的目的；同時您可以通過控制脈沖頻率來控制電機轉(zhuǎn)動的速度和加速度，從而達到調(diào)速的目的。</p><p>　　步進電機不能直接接到交直流電源上工作，而必須使用專用設

25、備——步進電機驅(qū)動器.步進電機驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)的性能，除與電機本身的性能有關外，也在很大程度上取決于驅(qū)動器的優(yōu)劣。典型的步進電機驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)是由步進電機控制器、步進電機驅(qū)動器和步進電機本體三部分組成。步進電機控制器發(fā)出步進脈沖和方向信號，每發(fā)一個脈沖，步進電機驅(qū)動器驅(qū)動步進電機轉(zhuǎn)子旋轉(zhuǎn)一個步距角，即步進一步。步進電機轉(zhuǎn)速的高低、升速或降速、啟動或停止都完全取決于脈沖的有無或頻率的高低。控制器的方向信號決定步進電機的順時針或逆時針旋轉(zhuǎn)。通常，步進電機

26、驅(qū)動器由邏輯控制電路、功率驅(qū)動電路、保護電路和電源組成。步進電機驅(qū)動器一旦接收到來自控制器的方向信號和步進脈沖，控制電路就按預先設定的電機通電方式產(chǎn)生步進電機各相勵磁繞組導通或截止信號?？刂齐娐份敵龅男盘柟β屎艿?，不能提供步進電機所需的輸出功率，必須進行功率放大，這就是步進電機驅(qū)動器的功率驅(qū)動部分。功率驅(qū)動電路向步進電機控制繞組輸入電流，使其勵磁形成空間旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場，驅(qū)動轉(zhuǎn)子運動。保護電路在出現(xiàn)短路、過載、過熱等故障時迅速停止驅(qū)動器和電機的

27、運行。</p><p>　　通常電機的轉(zhuǎn)子為永磁體，當電流流過定子繞組時，定子繞組產(chǎn)生一矢量磁場。該磁場會帶動轉(zhuǎn)子旋轉(zhuǎn)一角度，使得轉(zhuǎn)子的一對磁場方向與定子的磁場方向一致。當定子的矢量磁場旋轉(zhuǎn)一個角度。轉(zhuǎn)子也隨著該磁場轉(zhuǎn)一個角度。每輸入一個電脈沖，電動機轉(zhuǎn)動一個角度前進一步。它輸出的角位移與輸入的脈沖數(shù)成正比、轉(zhuǎn)速與脈沖頻率成正比。改變繞組通電的順序，電機就會反轉(zhuǎn)。所以可用控制脈沖數(shù)量、頻率及電動機各相繞組的通電順

28、序來控制步進電機的轉(zhuǎn)動。 </p><p><b>　　步進電機的種類：</b></p><p>　　永磁式（PM) .磁式步進一般為兩相，轉(zhuǎn)矩和體積較小，步進角一般為7.5度 或15度；多用于空調(diào)風擺上。</p><p>　　反應式（VR),國內(nèi)一般叫BF，常見的有三相反應式，步距角為1.5度；也有五相反應式。噪音大，無定為轉(zhuǎn)距已大量淘汰。

29、</p><p>　　混合式（HB),常見的有兩相混合式，五相混合式，三相混合式，四相混合式，兩相跟四相可以通用驅(qū)動器，五相跟三相必須使用各自的驅(qū)動器；</p><p>　　兩相、四相混合式步距角多是1.8度，具有小體積，大力距，低噪音；</p><p>　　五相混合式步進電機一般為0.72度，電機步距角小，分辨率高，但是驅(qū)動電路復雜，接線麻煩，如5相十線制。<

30、;/p><p>　　三相混合式步進電機步距角為1.2度，但是使用中要按1.8度計算，三相混合式步進電機擁有比兩相混合式，五相混合式更多的磁極，有利于電機夾角的對稱，因此可以比兩相，五相精度更高，誤差更小，運行更平穩(wěn)。</p><p>　　步進電機的保持轉(zhuǎn)距：指步進電機通電但沒有轉(zhuǎn)動時，定子鎖住轉(zhuǎn)子的力矩。它是步進電機最重要的參數(shù)之一，通常步進電機在低速時的力矩接近保持轉(zhuǎn)矩。由于步進電機的輸出力

31、矩隨速度的增大而不斷衰減，輸出功率也隨速度的增大而變化，所以保持轉(zhuǎn)矩就成為了衡量步進電機最重要的參數(shù)之一。比如，當人們說2N.m的步進電機，在沒有特殊說明的情況下是指保持轉(zhuǎn)矩為2N.m的步進電機。</p><p>　　步進電機的精度：步進電機的精度為步進角的3-5%，且不累積。</p><p>　　空載啟動頻率：即步進電機在空載情況下能夠正常啟動的脈沖頻率，如果脈沖頻率高于該值，電機不能正

32、常啟動，可能發(fā)生丟步或堵轉(zhuǎn)。在有負載的情況下，啟動頻率應更低。如果要使電機達到高速轉(zhuǎn)動，脈沖頻率應該有加速過程，即啟動頻率較低，然后按一定加速度升到所希望的高頻（電機轉(zhuǎn)速從低速升到高速）。</p><p>　　步距角：就是發(fā)送一個脈沖，電機對應轉(zhuǎn)動的角度。</p><p>　　定位轉(zhuǎn)距：定位轉(zhuǎn)矩是指步進電機不通電的情況下，定子鎖住轉(zhuǎn)子的力矩。</p><p>　　運

33、行頻率：步進電機能不失步運行的最高頻率。</p><p>　　細分驅(qū)動器： 步進電機細分驅(qū)動器的主要目的是減弱或消除步進電機的低頻振動，提高電機的運轉(zhuǎn)精度。減少噪音。如對于步距角為1.8°（整步）兩相混合式步進電機，如果細分驅(qū)動器的細分數(shù)為8，那么電機的運轉(zhuǎn)分辨率為每個脈沖0.072°，電機的精度能否達到或接近0.225°，還取決于細分驅(qū)動器的細分電流控制精度等其他因素，細分數(shù)越大精