29970.內(nèi)蒙古東部地區(qū)三種犬科動物食性及食物生態(tài)位重疊研究

1、曲阜師范大學碩士學位論文內(nèi)蒙古東部地區(qū)三種犬科動物食性及食物生態(tài)位重疊研究姓名：劉新平申請學位級別：碩士專業(yè)：動物學指導教師：張洪海20090401AbstractFoodhabitsstudiesofpredatorsusingfecalremainsarenon—invasiveandcostefficiientTheyprovideareliableindextoactualpreyconsumedandCanprovideins

2、ightintopredatorforagingstrategiesWolves(Canislupus)，RedFoxes(Vutpesvulpes)andRaccoonDogs(NyctereutesussurienusisMatschie)aretheprimarycaninepredatorsintheEastPastureofInterMongoliaandaresympatricindistributionObjectives

3、forthisstudyweretocomparefoodhabitsofWolves，RedFoxesandRaccoonDogsandtodetermineifthemexhibitedfoodnicheoverlapinareaswheretheyaresympatricFromAugusttoOctoberof2007andfromMarchtoJuly2008，59wolfscats，124redfoxscatsand134r

4、accoondogscatswerecollectedintheDalaiLakeNatureReserveofChinaFecalsamplesofthesespecieswereanalyzedforfooditemsbyhandseparationofmajordiagnosticpreyremainsintomammalian，insect，avian，vegetationandotherspreycategoriesMamma

5、lianpreyremainswerefurtheridentifiedcomparinghairandtoothsampleswithcollectionsavailableorusingahairkeyThefrequencyofoccurrenceanddryweightofremainsofeachfooditeminthefaeceswerecalculatedHorse(390％occurrenceand118％drywei

6、ght)Cattle(1039％occurrenceand1572％dryweight)，sheepandcoat(3636％occurrenceand4986％dryweight)constitutedthebulkofthewolfdiet，whilesmallrodents(7631％occurrenceand8424％dryweight)weremostfrequentlyeatenbythefoxSmallrodents(22

7、69％occurrenceand2585％dryweight)wereimportanttotheraccoondog，butitalsofrequentlyconsumedbirds(3981％occurrenceand5260％dryweight)andinsects(2639％occurrenceand1332％dryweight)Thewolfwasthemostandtheredfoxtheleastomnivorousoft

8、hesecamivores，accordingtothediversityindexThefoodnichesofthewolfandtheredfoxoverlappedmorethanthatoftheraccoondogandothersspeciesThese3camivoressharemanyresources，suggestingthatcompetitionmayoccuramongthem；howevertheirdi

9、etsalsodiffertosomeextent，whichhelpthemtoavoidcompetitionFurthermore，theraccoondogaredormantduringwinterwhenfoodisscarcest，whichmaybethereasonwhyallthesespeciescancoexistinratherunproductiveprairieKeywords：wolf(Can&lupus